Introduction to Regulatory Affairs and Different Regulatory Bodies for Pharmaceutical Products and Impact of Digitalization on Regulatory Affairs

To ensure the quality and marketability of products, the field of regulatory affairs (RA) serves as an intermediary between regulatory bodies, the industry, and consumers. The primary objective of pharmaceutical registration is centered on the marketing process. The World Health Organization (WHO), Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), World Trade Organization (WTO), International Conference on Harmonization (ICH), and World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) play crucial roles in the process. Drug registration and commercialization are overseen by national regulatory authorities initially, following the guidelines of the key organizations. The phenomenon of digital disruption is widespread and has significant effects on several domains of work. This influence has been further intensified by the COVID-19 epidemic, as well as the rapid advancements in the complexity and capabilities of machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms. The future of this profession is influenced by various trends, including the swift progress in scientific comprehension of diseases, which has resulted in the emergence of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment and potential eradication of some ailments. The importance of strategic collaborations, alignment, and integration among national regulatory agencies has been heightened by recent global regulatory reforms. This trend is expected to persist. The impact of these elements on regulatory professionals, medication development, and medical practice in the future is a subject of considerable attention. The enhancement of skills and the adoption of a growth mindset are crucial for regulatory affairs professionals to implement the necessary adjustments. This emerging paradigm promotes the cultivation of personal responsibility in individuals’ professional development, fostering adaptability and emphasizing the significance of lifelong learning. Through their actions, these specialists could exert influence on the process of product development, contributing to the improvement of their society.

Kant： The Sweet Dream of Perpetual Peace

This essay is a survey upon Kant＇s Sweet Dream of Perpetual Peace. According to Kant, a permanent peace could be achieved under the condition of the creation of a Federation of States. This Federation of States will be rest upon three fundamental requirements--i.e., democracy, reason, universal hospitality. Kant＇s idea of global Federation of States should not be confused with existing nowadays Unions of States, such as European Union, which depend heavily upon a central authority and a complicated bureaucracy.

Social Network Analysis of Coauthor Networks in Inclusive Finance in China

The proposal and innovation of inclusive finance provide a very valuable pathway to realize social equity and eliminate poverty,which has attracted extensive attention,especially from developing countries.Based on the papers on inclusive finance published in the Chinese journal database CNKI from 2014 to 2018,we constructed an undirected weighted coauthor network 2154 authors.By employing social network analysis,we found that the number of authors in the field of inclusive finance increased rapidly.Although the cooperation between them was still very low and the cooperation authors were relatively fixed,the scale of cooperation was rapidly expanding.Although no scholar could always be at the center position in the coauthor network,the knowledge transfer path was significantly reduced.Financial universities and some financial institutions were the most important promoters of inclusive finance.Knowledge discovery in this field was promoted alternately by several center authors and cooperation by many scholars 2014-2018.We believe these discoveries are of great significance to promote knowledge sharing and innovation in the academic community of inclusive finance.