A Statistical Analysis of Intensities Estimation on the Modeling of Non-Life Insurance Claim Counting Process

This study presents an estimation approach to non-life insurance claim counts relating to a specified time. The objective of this study is to estimate the parameters in non-life insurance claim counting process, including the homogeneous Poisson process (HPP) and the non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) with a bell-shaped intensity. We use the estimating function, the zero mean martingale (ZMM) as a procedure of parameter estimation in the insurance claim counting process. Then, Λ(t) , the compensator of is proposed for the number of claims in the time interval . We present situations through a simulation study of both processes on the time interval . Some examples of the situations in the simulation study are depicted by a sample path relating to its compensator Λ(t). In addition, an example of the claim counting process illustrates the result of the compensator estimate misspecification.

A Note on Laplace Transforms of Some Common Distributions Used in Counting Processes Analysis

An important problem of actuarial risk management is the calculation of the probability of ruin. Using probability theory and the definition of the Laplace transform one obtains expressions, in the classical risk model, for survival probabilities in a finite time horizon. Then explicit solutions are found with the inversion of the double Laplace transform;using algebra, the Laplace complex inversion formula and Matlab, for the exponential claim amount distribution.

A Bayesian Inference of Non-Life Insurance Based on Claim Counting Process with Periodic Claim Intensity

The aim of this study is to propose an estimation approach to non-life insurance claim counts related to the insurance claim counting process, including the non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) with a bell-shaped intensity and a beta-shaped intensity. The estimating function, such as the zero mean martingale (ZMM), is used as a procedure for parameter estimation of the insurance claim counting process, and the parameters of model claim intensity are estimated by the Bayesian method. Then,Λ(t), the compensator of N(t) is proposed for the number of claims in a time interval (0,t]. Given the process over the time interval (0,t]., the situations are presented through a simulation study and some examples of these situations are also depicted by a sample path relating N(t) to its compensatorΛ(t).

A counting method for complex overlapping erythrocytes-based microscopic imaging

Red blood cell(RBC)counting is a standard medical test that can help diagnose various conditions and diseases.Manual counting of blood cells is highly tedious and time consuming.However,new methods for counting blood cells are customary employing both electronic and computer-assisted techniques.Image segmentation is a classical task in most image processing applications which can be used to count blood cells in a microscopic image.In this research work,an approach for erythrocytes counting is proposed.We employed a classification before counting and a new segmentation idea was implemented on the complex overlapping clusters in a microscopic smear image.Experimental results show that the proposed method is of higher counting accuracy and it performs much better than most counting algorithms existed in the situation of three or more RBCs overlapping complexly into a group.The average total erythrocytes counting accuracy of the proposed method reaches 92.9%.

Automatic counting of microglial cell activation and its applications

Glaucoma is a multifactorial optic neuropathy characterized by the damage and death of the retinal ganglion cells.This disease results in vision loss and blindness.Any vision loss resulting from the disease cannot be restored and nowadays there is no available cure for glaucoma; however an early detection and treatment,could offer neuronal protection and avoid later serious damages to the visual function.A full understanding of the etiology of the disease will still require the contribution of many scientific efforts.Glial activation has been observed in glaucoma,being microglial proliferation a hallmark in this neurodegenerative disease.A typical project studying these cellular changes involved in glaucoma often needs thousands of images- from several animals- covering different layers and regions of the retina.The gold standard to evaluate them is the manual count.This method requires a large amount of time from specialized personnel.It is a tedious process and prone to human error.We present here a new method to count microglial cells by using a computer algorithm.It counts in one hour the same number of images that a researcher counts in four weeks,with no loss of reliability.

Cell counting for in vivo flow cytometry signals with baseline drift

In biomedical research fields,the in vio Aow cytometry(IVFC)is a widely used technology which is able to monitor target cells dynamically in living animals.Although the setup of IVFC system has been well established,baseline drift is still a challenge in the process of quantifying circulating cells.Previous methods,i.e.,the dynamic peak picking method,counted cells by setting a static threshold without considering the baseline drift,leading to an inaccurate cell quantification.Here,we developed a method of cell counting for IVFC data with baseline drift by interpolation fitting,automatic segmentation and wavelet-based denoising.We demonstrated its performance for IVFC signals with three types of representative baseline drift.Compared with non-baseline correction methods,this method showed a higher sensitivity and specificity,as well as a better result in the Pearson's correlation coefficient and the mean-squared error(MSE).

Probabilistic Analysis and Fatigue Damage Assessment of Offshore Mooring System due to Non-Gaussian Bimodal Tension Processes

Both wave-frequency(WF) and low-frequency(LF) components of mooring tension are in principle non-Gaussian due to nonlinearities in the dynamic system.This paper conducts a comprehensive investigation of applicable probability density functions(PDFs) of mooring tension amplitudes used to assess mooring-line fatigue damage via the spectral method.Short-term statistical characteristics of mooring-line tension responses are firstly investigated,in which the discrepancy arising from Gaussian approximation is revealed by comparing kurtosis and skewness coefficients.Several distribution functions based on present analytical spectral methods are selected to express the statistical distribution of the mooring-line tension amplitudes.Results indicate that the Gamma-type distribution and a linear combination of Dirlik and Tovo-Benasciutti formulas are suitable for separate WF and LF mooring tension components.A novel parametric method based on nonlinear transformations and stochastic optimization is then proposed to increase the effectiveness of mooring-line fatigue assessment due to non-Gaussian bimodal tension responses.Using time domain simulation as a benchmark,its accuracy is further validated using a numerical case study of a moored semi-submersible platform.

Stochastic Model for Multiple Classes and Subclasses Simple Documents Processing

The issue of document management has been raised for a long time, especially with the appearance of office automation in the 1980s, which led to dematerialization and Electronic Document Management (EDM). In the same period, workflow management has experienced significant development, but has become more focused on the industry. However, it seems to us that document workflows have not had the same interest for the scientific community. But nowadays, the emergence and supremacy of the Internet in electronic exchanges are leading to a massive dematerialization of documents;which requires a conceptual reconsideration of the organizational framework for the processing of said documents in both public and private administrations. This problem seems open to us and deserves the interest of the scientific community. Indeed, EDM has mainly focused on the storage (referencing) and circulation of documents (traceability). It paid little attention to the overall behavior of the system in processing documents. The purpose of our researches is to model document processing systems. In the previous works, we proposed a general model and its specialization in the case of small documents (any document processed by a single person at a time during its processing life cycle), which represent 70% of documents processed by administrations, according to our study. In this contribution, we extend the model for processing small documents to the case where they are managed in a system comprising document classes organized in subclasses;which is the case for most administrations. We have thus observed that this model is a Markovian ML×K/ML×K/1 queues network. We have analyzed the constraints of this model and deduced certain characteristics and metrics. In fine, the ultimate objective of our work is to design a document workflow management system, integrating a component of global behavior prediction.

Study on Licker-In and Flat Speeds of Carding Machine and Its Effects on Quality of Cotton Spinning Process

Spinning has a significant influence on all textile processes. Combinations of all the capital equipment display the process’ critical condition. By transforming unprocessed fibers into carded sliver and yarn, the carding machine serves a critical role in the textile industry. The carding machine’s licker-in and flat speeds are crucial operational factors that have a big influence on the finished goods’ quality. The purpose of this study is to examine the link between licker-in and flat speeds and how they affect the yarn and carded sliver quality. A thorough experimental examination on a carding machine was carried out to accomplish this. The carded sliver and yarn produced after experimenting with different licker-in and flat speed combinations were assessed for important quality factors including evenness, strength, and flaws. To account for changes in material qualities and machine settings, the study also took into consideration the impact of various fiber kinds and processing circumstances. The findings of the investigation showed a direct relationship between the quality of the carded sliver and yarn and the licker-in and flat speeds. Within a limited range, greater licker-in speeds were shown to increase carding efficiency and decrease fiber tangling. On the other hand, extremely high speeds led to more fiber breakage and neps. Higher flat speeds, on the other hand, helped to enhance fiber alignment, which increased the evenness and strength of the carded sliver and yarn. Additionally, it was discovered that the ideal blend of licker-in and flat rates varied based on the fiber type and processing circumstances. When being carded, various fibers displayed distinctive behaviors that necessitated adjusting the operating settings in order to provide the necessary quality results. The study also determined the crucial speed ratios between the licker-in and flat speeds that reduced fiber breakage and increased the caliber of the finished goods. The results of this study offer useful information for textile producers and process engineers to improve the quality of carded sliver and yarn while maximizing the performance of carding machines. Operators may choose machine settings and parameter adjustments wisely by knowing the impacts of licker-in and flat speeds, which will increase textile industry efficiency, productivity, and product quality.

Study on Licker-In and Flat Speeds of Carding Machine and Its Effects on Quality of Cotton Spinning Process

Spinning has a significant influence on all textile processes. Combinations of all the capital equipment display the process’ critical condition. By transforming unprocessed fibers into carded sliver and yarn, the carding machine serves a critical role in the textile industry. The carding machine’s licker-in and flat speeds are crucial operational factors that have a big influence on the finished goods’ quality. The purpose of this study is to examine the link between licker-in and flat speeds and how they affect the yarn and carded sliver quality. A thorough experimental examination on a carding machine was carried out to accomplish this. The carded sliver and yarn produced after experimenting with different licker-in and flat speed combinations were assessed for important quality factors including evenness, strength, and flaws. To account for changes in material qualities and machine settings, the study also took into consideration the impact of various fiber kinds and processing circumstances. The findings of the investigation showed a direct relationship between the quality of the carded sliver and yarn and the licker-in and flat speeds. Within a limited range, greater licker-in speeds were shown to increase carding efficiency and decrease fiber tangling. On the other hand, extremely high speeds led to more fiber breakage and neps. Higher flat speeds, on the other hand, helped to enhance fiber alignment, which increased the evenness and strength of the carded sliver and yarn. Additionally, it was discovered that the ideal blend of licker-in and flat rates varied based on the fiber type and processing circumstances. When being carded, various fibers displayed distinctive behaviors that necessitated adjusting the operating settings in order to provide the necessary quality results. The study also determined the crucial speed ratios between the licker-in and flat speeds that reduced fiber breakage and increased the caliber of the finished goods. The results of this study offer useful information for textile producers and process engineers to improve the quality of carded sliver and yarn while maximizing the performance of carding machines. Operators may choose machine settings and parameter adjustments wisely by knowing the impacts of licker-in and flat speeds, which will increase textile industry efficiency, productivity, and product quality.

Fingerspelling Recognition by Hand Shape Using Higher-Order Local Auto-Correlation Features

The fingerspelling recognition by hand shape is an important step for developing a human-computer interaction system. A method of fingerspelling recognition by hand shape using HLAC （higher-order local auto-correlation） features is proposed. Furthermore, in order to use HLAC features more effectively, the use of image processing techniques： reducing an image resolution, dividing an image, and image pre-processing techniques, is also proposed. The experimental results show that the proposed method is promising.

基于机器视觉和YOLOv5的油菜角果表型参数分析

为了更加高效和准确地获取油菜角果表型参数,在图像处理技术和深度学习算法的基础上,以迎春一号油菜角果为实验材料,综合考虑油菜育种对角果外观表型参数的需求,提出了一种基于机器视觉的油菜角果表型分析方法:利用图像处理技术实现了油菜角果的柄喙长度、果身长度、果身宽度、弦长、弧长、面积等外观表型性状的提取,使用YOLOv5对单角果籽粒进行无损计数。对角果实物及标定物进行测量验证,结果表明,图像分析出的角果表型指标与人工实际测量值无显著性差异(P>0.05),决定系数(R^(2))均大于0.96,均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)均小于3 mm,平均绝对值误差(mean absolute error,MAE)均小于2.80 mm,平均绝对百分比误差(mean absolute percentage error,MAPE)均不超过4%。标定物直径最大RMSE为0.3 mm,MAE均小于0.28 mm,MAPE均小于2.00%,面积指标最大RMSE为12.09 mm^(2),MAE均小于11.56 mm^(2),MAPE均小于5%。YOLOv5识别出的籽粒数与实际值无显著性差异(P>0.05),R^(2)为0.987,RMSE为0.68粒,MAE为0.27粒,MAPE为1%。该研究的油菜角果表型分析方法操作简单、成本较低,能有效地减少人工测量的误差,提高获取表型信息的可靠性和油菜育种工作的效率,为油菜表型信息的定量化分析提供了一定的参考。

单光子激光雷达技术发展现状与趋势

随着单光子探测器件及技术的快速发展,具有光子级高灵敏度探测能力的单光子激光雷达已成为研究热点,并在遥感测绘、智能驾驶和消费电子等领域发挥日益重要的作用。本文聚焦于采用单光子雪崩光电二极管探测器的激光雷达技术与系统,介绍了脉冲累积、编码调制和啁啾调制三种单光子激光雷达探测原理。考虑到单光子探测器与处理算法的重要性,概述了单光子探测器的发展现状,以及典型的信号处理算法,并梳理了单光子激光雷达在远距离探测、复杂场景探感、星载/机载测绘遥感、智能驾驶导航避障和消费电子3D感知等领域的应用情况和典型系统实例。最后,分析展望了单光子激光雷达技术在器件、算法、系统和应用领域的未来发展趋势及面临的潜在挑战。

Development of automatic counting system for urediospores of wheat stripe rust based on image processing

To realize automatic counting of urediospores of Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici(Pst)(causal agent of wheat stripe rust),an automatic counting system for urediospores of wheat stripe rust pathogen based on image processing was developed using MATLAB GUIDE platform in combination with Local C Compiler(LCC).The system is independent of the MATLAB environment and can be run on a computer without the MATLAB software.Using this system,automatic counting of Pst urediospores in a microscopic image can be implemented via image processing technologies including image scaling,clustering segmentation,morphological modification,watershed transformation,connected region labeling,etc.Structure design of the automatic counting system,the key algorithms used in the system and realization of the main functions of the system were described in detail.Spore counting tests were conducted using microscopic digital images of Pst urediospores and the high accuracies more than 95%were obtained.The results indicated that it is feasible to count Pst urediospores automatically using the developed system based on image processing.

Studies of an event-building algorithm of the readout system for the twin TPCs in HFRS

The High-energy Fragment Separator(HFRS),which is currently under construction,is a leading international radioactive beam device.Multiple sets of position-sensitive twin time projection chamber(TPC)detectors are distributed on HFRS for particle identification and beam monitoring.The twin TPCs'readout electronics system operates in a trigger-less mode due to its high counting rate,leading to a challenge of handling large amounts of data.To address this problem,we introduced an event-building algorithm.This algorithm employs a hierarchical processing strategy to compress data during transmission and aggregation.In addition,it reconstructs twin TPCs'events online and stores only the reconstructed particle information,which significantly reduces the burden on data transmission and storage resources.Simulation studies demonstrated that the algorithm accurately matches twin TPCs'events and reduces more than 98%of the data volume at a counting rate of 500 kHz/channel.

低计数特征的自然伽马能谱测井数据滤波方法研究

岩石天然放射性强度较弱,自然伽马能谱测井所测得的能谱计数较低,低计数特征使得地层衰变随机误差影响被放大,造成测量能谱质量差、测井曲线统计噪声大的情况。该文通过对比多种能谱滤波结果,使单深度点能谱最大程度还原准确能谱信息;利用曲线形态,针对求解的U、Th、K含量曲线进行深度域的滤波处理,综合从高噪声、低计数的数据中准确提取地层信息;利用中国石油集团测井有限公司的过钻具自然伽马能谱仪器的实测数据验证该方法的有效性。结果表明:对于计数低、谱形差的自然伽马能谱,高斯滤波、卷积滤波效果相对较好,该文提出结合这2种方法的复合滤波可以准确地还原出高保真的能谱形状;深度域的滤波,卡尔曼滤波相对自适应滤波方法有一定优势;依次经过能谱滤波和深度滤波后,结果的准确性和重复性有了大幅提升。该文所介绍的针对低计数特征的自然伽马能谱测井滤波方法,可以有效提高U、Th、K的测量精度。

一种基于微流控芯片的图像自动化分析平台设计

基于二维的步进电动平台,利用STM32f103zet6开发板、ULN2003步进电机以及笔记本电脑和MATLAB软件搭建了计算机控制的微流控芯片图像自动化采集系统;并结合图像处理技术,实现了对细胞荧光图像进行自动分割和计数的自动化分析,实现了可对细胞图像同时进行捕获和分析计数的自动化系统,极大地提高了微流控芯片细胞检测的效率。

己酸菌微胶囊的制备及其在浓香型白酒中的应用

目的探究己酸菌微胶囊化及其在无窖泥发酵生产浓香型白酒中的应用。方法采用锐孔-凝固浴法制备己酸菌微胶囊,通过单因素筛选、Box-Behnkn实验设计和神经网络结合遗传算法优化得到最佳的己酸菌微胶囊制备工艺参数。结果制备己酸菌微胶囊的最佳工艺条件为:海藻酸钠浓度1.71%、氯化钙浓度2.85%、固化时间37 min,此时活菌数达到最高,为2.17×10^(8)个/g。对制备好的己酸菌微胶囊进行浓香型白酒无窖泥发酵验证实验,结果表明,微胶囊组酒样中的己酸乙酯含量为4.20 mg/100 mL,比空白组酒样(0.20 mg/100 mL)提高了20倍。结论本研究酿造的白酒无色透明,酒体谐调,具有窖香风味,浓香风格明显。

高职院校课表编排改革探究

高职院校人才培养方案课程体系设置及教学管理理念与本科院校相比有很大的不同,在课表编排过程中高职院校涉及的因素及存在的困难更多一些。本文阐述了高职院校课程体系的特点,课表编排流程及存在的常见问题,并给出了解决对策。强调了教务系统在课表编排过程中的重要性,给出了教务系统排课模块应具备的基本功能。本文阐述内容与结论对高职院校课表编排具有一定的借鉴及指导意义。

Residual Chart with Hidden Markov Model to Monitoring the Auto-Correlated Processes

Autocorrelations exist in real production extensively, and special statistical tools are needed for process monitoring. Residual charts based on autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA) models are typically used. However, ARIMA models need a quite amount of experience, which sometimes causes inconveniences in the implementation. With a good performance under less experience or even none, hidden Markov models(HMMs)were proposed. Since ARIMA models have many different performances in positive and negative autocorrelations,it is interesting and essential to study how HMMs affect the performances of residual charts in opposite autocorrelations, which has not been studied yet. Therefore, we extend HMMs to negatively auto-correlated observations.The cross-validation method is used to select the relatively optimal state number. The experiment results show that HMMs are more stable than Auto-Regressive of order one(AR(1) models) in both cases of positive and negative autocorrelations. For detecting abnormalities, the performance of HMMs approach is much better than AR(1) models under positive autocorrelations while under negative autocorrelations both methods have similar performances.