Can We Manage Coastal Area? Will We?——The Institutional Change of the Coastal Area Management of Taiwan

The Coastal Zone Management Act was finally promulgated in 2015,while Ministry of the Interior was asked to draft a coastal management act in 1991 by Executive Yuan.It was until the government’s lifting of martial law in 1987,vigorous activities started prevailing on coastal areas.And relevant legal documents were on sea reclamation for development in the 1980’s by Council of Agriculture.The approval of“Taiwan Coastal Area Natural Environment Protection Plan”showed an era of environmental protection in 1980s.However,it was surely not market driven,similar to land development,but some efforts by the administration systems.Through all the years,the efforts were put on drafting plans and these efforts were not quite sounding.The coastal disasters and further climate change caught the attention of relevant NGOs,scholars,politicians,and the society.At the critical juncture the government was made to react to outside demands.And then the Coastal Zone Management Act was passed by Legislative Yuan,establishing an integrated coastal management system in Taiwan.As such,it is proposed to look into this long process of the attempt with the concept of institutional change in order to understand this coastal environmental preservation and protection issue in a broader scope.

The Basin Water Resources Management System and Its Innovation in China

Water provides the origin of human survival and prosperity,and the basic resource for the maintenance of terrestrial eco-systems,their biodiversity,productivity and ecological services.With China’s recent,rapid growth both in population and economic development,the water shortage has become one of the most constraints on its ecological restoration and socio-economic development,especially in the arid inland regions of northwest China.At first glance,this water shortage in China appears to be a resource crisis.But second,an in-depth analysis reveals that the water shortage crisis arises mainly resulting from the poor water management system and operating mechanism that cannot facilitate fair allocation and efficient utilization of water resources both regionally and nationally and thus is viewed as a crisis of water manage-ment.The solution of China’s water shortage and low-efficient utilization problem will,in particular,require a fundamen-tal and substantial reform or innovation of the existing water management system and operating mechanism.In this paper,we address explicitly the problems existed in the current water management system,explore the basic theory of water re-sources management and provide some insights into the way how to establish a river basin based integrated water re-sources management system in China.

Thoughts on the Professional Training of Scientific and Technological Management Team of High-level Talents in Provincial Agricultural Research Institutes

From two aspects:the composition of scientific research management institutions and the tasks undertaken by scientific research management departments,the present situation of scientific and technological management team in agricultural research institutes is expounded.Some problems existed in the scientific and technological management team of provincial agricultural research institutes are analyzed,such as uneven knowledge structure of scientific research management personnel,low degree of specialization,poor stability,lack of professional and systematic job training,etc.Professional development countermeasures are proposed,such as optimizing the structure of scientific research management team,establishing a professional management system with the characteristics of agricultural scientific research institutions,formulating corresponding evaluation mechanism for scientific research management personnel,and strengthening the training of agricultural scientific research management personnel.

From institutional merger integration to institutional strategic transformation:A case study of the strategic management paradigm at Shanghai Library

This article attempts to apply the strategic management theory to the subsequent shaping up of a readjusted strategic development policy for Shanghai Library after its merger with the Institute of Scientific and Technological Information of Shanghai(ISTIS)in 1995.It also tries to analyze and explicate such an empirical implementation of institutional reintegration process through strategic management at Shanghai Metropolitan Library.By doing so,it aims to present an objective case study of activities based on the strategic management paradigm at a major Chinese metropolitan public library.

Technology and diabetes self-management: An integrative review

Technology can be used to supplement healthcare provider diabetes care by providing both educational and motivational support. Education can be provided using technology allowing patients to learn new practices and routines related to diabetes management. Technology can support daily diabetes self-management activities including blood glucose monitoring, exercising, healthy eating, taking medication, monitoring for complications, and problem-solving. This article describes an integrative review conducted to evaluate the types of technology being used to facilitate diabetes self-management and the effect of that technology on self-management and diabetes outcomes for adults living with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A literature review was conducted by searching Medline, Pub Med, and Psych INFO databases using the search terms: diabetes self-management, technology, type 2 diabetes, smartphones, cell phones, and diabetes mellitus covering the years from 2008-2013. Articles relying on secondary data(editorials, systematic reviews) and articles describing study protocol only were excluded. Fourteen studies including qualitative, quasiexperimental, and randomized controlled trial designs were identified and included in the review. The review found that technological interventions had positive impacts on diabetes outcomes including improvements in hemoglobin A1 C levels, diabetes self-management behaviors, and diabetes self-efficacy. Results indicate that technological interventions can benefit people living with diabetes when used in conjunction with diabetes care delivered by healthcare providers.

The Knowledge Management Research of Agricultural Scientific Research Institution

Based on the perception of knowledge management from experts specializing in different fields,and experts at home and abroad,the knowledge management of agricultural scientific research institution can build new platform,offer new approach for realization of explicit or tacit knowledge,and promote resilience and innovative ability of scientific research institution.The thesis has introduced functions of knowledge management research of agricultural science.First,it can transform the tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge.Second,it can make all the scientific personnel share knowledge.Third,it is beneficial to the development of prototype system of knowledge management.Fourth,it mainly researches the realization of knowledge management system.Fifth,it can manage the external knowledge via competitive intelligence.Sixth,it can foster talents of knowledge management for agricultural scientific research institution.Seventh,it offers the decision-making service for leaders to manage scientific program.The thesis also discusses the content of knowledge management of agricultural scientific research institution as follows:production and innovation of knowledge;attainment and organizing of knowledge;dissemination and share of knowledge;management of human resources and the construction and management of infrastructure.We have put forward corresponding countermeasures to further reinforce the knowledge management research of agricultural scientific research institution.

Medical Waste Management in China: A Case Study of Xinxiang

Due to medical waste’s infection and hazard, it can cause potential environmental and public health risks, so medical waste management is of great importance especially in developing countries. The objective of the study was to analyze and assess current status of medical waste management in the light of semi-structured interview in medical institutions and the medical waste disposal centre. As a medium-sized city of China and its respective nature, Xinxiang was selected as the case study. In order to significantly improve eco-efficiency of medical waste management (MWM) and minimize the environmental risks, this paper identified key factors determining the implementation of MWM on the basis of the local realities and situations of medical waste, and then an integrated MWM system was developed. Such the regulations should be improved;MWM database platform should be strengthened;unified coordination ability of the MWM should be developed;and a suitable rural recycling network should be set up.

中国油气管网运行关键技术及展望

管道是连接油气产业链上下游的关键纽带,是现代能源体系和现代综合交通体系的重要组成部分。在油气体制深化改革和“碳达峰、碳中和”战略目标下,油气管道正朝着大型化、网络化、多元化的方向发展,为大规模复杂管网的运行管理带来了新的机遇和挑战。基于我国油气管网发展现状,聚焦系统分析、仿真优化、运行监测和新型管道输送4个关键领域,剖析了油气管网运行相关研究的发展动态以及面临的难点,包括管网系统可靠性和韧性评估技术、管网运行仿真和调运优化技术、管道本体监测与修复技术以及氢气、甲醇、液氨、LNG管道输送技术等。针对“全国一张网”新阶段和“多能源互补”新动向,总结了数字孪生、智能调控、智能预警、多网融合等前瞻性技术攻关方向,旨在推动我国油气管网安全、高效、绿色转型。最后,提出展望:现阶段,需要立足我国能源资源禀赋,加快适应新形势下的管网运营模式,发挥油气管网在“全国一张网”发展新阶段下的能源大动脉作用;未来,需要稳步推进多元介质的管网灵活输送,挖掘油气管网在综合立体交通和综合能源系统中的发展潜力。

发电厂信息系统网络设备的优化配置

发电厂信息系统包括厂级监控信息系统(SIS)和管理信息系统(MIS)。常规设计方案中,SIS和MIS两个系统按软硬件独立设置,各自组网,网络利用率不高。为解决此问题,对发电厂信息系统的交换机、存储设备、服务器、隔离装置等网络硬件配置进行优化,构建了一种发电厂信息系统新型网络架构,消除了常规独立组网设计方案存在的信息瓶颈,而且SIS和MIS由同一硬件平台统一管理,为智能电站建设创造有利条件。

大数据应用技术课程本研一体化教学体系建设

大数据应用技术课程对于数据科学的研究和发展、数据科学学科的建设、培育新型数据人才具有重要意义。本研一体化教学有助于提高本研学生的学习效率和创新能力,增强课程体系的延续性和实践性,重视学科交叉融合发展。从教学大纲修订、教学管理模式改革、教学评价方式三个方面探讨本研一体化教学体系建设的重点问题,全面阐述大数据应用技术课程本研一体化教学改革的路径选择和实践,致力于培养学生长期内驱力和创新能力,为国家和社会发展培育高质量数据人才。

统合经营:发展新型农村集体经济的政府行为及其逻辑——以陕西省汉阴县为例

发展新型农村集体经济关乎乡村全面振兴和农村共同富裕的成色。基于新型农村集体经济发展中政府行为的研究发现:统合经营是新时期基层政府发展新型农村集体经济的重要特征。案例实践表明,县域政府以制度统合聚合体制资源,优化新型农村集体经济发展的制度环境;基于资源统合打造混合式经营模式、培育经营主体并吸纳农户参与,从而完善新型农村集体经济的经营体系;基于利益统合紧密政府、企业、农村集体经济组织和农户的利益联结,通过集体经济收益分配构建利益共同体,从而夯实新型农村集体经济持续发展的社会基础。制度统合、资源统合和利益统合构成了县域政府统合经营行为的重要面向,三者互为促进、协同驱动新型农村集体经济发展。

演艺与科技融合下艺术管理的理念提升与策略创新

伴随着以数字技术为主体的高新科技的发展和运用,演艺与科技的融合已成为重要的艺术活动和艺术现象,同时也对演艺管理提出了诸多课题,要求对其不断改革创新。当下,演艺管理活动中出现了管理对象的变化和管理方式的演变,同时也在运行机制管理、内容管理、人员管理、受众管理等方面形成了一定瓶颈,对演艺管理造成困扰。推进演艺管理的健康发展,既要深化提升技术管理理念、内容管理理念、运营管理理念等,同时还要在管理策略上进行创新研究:促动艺术、科技与文化元素的融通;推进技术与人、环境内涵的互渗;统筹经济、技术与人力资源的共享;强化大众、市场与艺术属性的协同。

智慧校园楼宇建设与运维一体化管理系统研制探索

伴随大数据、物联网、人工智能等新兴科学技术的高速发展,智慧校园(城市)建设在整个社会掀起热潮。智慧建筑楼宇群是智慧校园的载体,数据驱动的建筑楼宇群设备自控及智慧运管,也就成为了智慧校园发展的必然趋势。本研究充分发挥了建设主体与运营主体高度统一的优势,以BIM技术为抓手,打通新老建筑设备系统通信的壁垒,深度整合了施工管理平台与运维管理平台,探索研制建设与运维一体化管理系统,为国内同类型智慧校园楼宇建设提供了积极示范。

“多元基础、分路径培养”的物流大数据应用型人才培养创新与实践

该文从人才培养模式创新、产教融合提升人才培养质量视角,对大数据本科专业应用型人才培养的多元学科专业基础和培养路径做出分析,进而以物流大数据专业群应用型人才培养为例,通过实施文理文工融合改革思路构建物流大数据复合知识体系,建设“多专业+多课程+多层次+多要求”的大数据实践实训平台、多学科专业融合互促的泛在化教学体系和深化产教研融合,形成多元基础分路径培养的人才培养思路并应用实践。通过物流大数据人才培养改革创新与实践,2021—2023年文理文工融合人才培养模式获得认可,教学成果突出,促进学科专业资源整合,形成“资源-名师-成果”互促上升的发展路径,人才培养质量显著提升,社会认可度提高。

长三角一体化高质量发展与自然资源要素保障——适应区域一体化趋势的自然资源管理改革思考

提升自然资源要素保障能力是推动长三角一体化高质量发展的关键一环。文章探讨了长三角一体化高质量发展与自然资源要素保障的理论关系,提出了加强自然资源要素的跨行政区统筹协调的必要性,阐述了长三角一体化高质量发展中自然资源保障能力建设的十个重点领域,包括国土空间规划、国土空间开发、自然资源利用和生态环境保护等,并结合我国现行自然资源管理特征,有针对性地提出了改革创新自然资源管理方式、优化提升自然资源要素保障能力的行动思路和体制机制建设的建议。

档案数字化转型升级进程中的人工智能应用调查分析

以北大《中文核心期刊要目总览》为数据源,运用文献计量方法,对国内档案专业人工智能研究现状进行了梳理归纳,之后通过主题分析法,对样本的研究方向进行了汇总,归纳出档案专业研究、应用人工智能的共性特征,以期为相关研究的创新提供借鉴和参考。

高校知识产权转移与转化的制度与机制研究——以武警部队院校的管理范式创新为切入

区别于普通高校高度市场化参与的知识产权开源、运作与保护模式,武警部队院校在开展知识产权转移与转化管理的过程中面临着因自身特殊性带来的资源供给、运作驱动、成果转化等界域壁垒。在高校知识产权管理陷入创新同质化的今天,推进武警部队院校知识产权转移的整合管理,应关注管理要素与资源整合的特殊性,明确机构混乱、人员缺乏、事务交杂等建设推进难点,推动知识产权管理制度与机制建设的范式转型。保障技术产出与信息传递环境中各项管理要素的安全、高效运作,建设和优化同受众需求与开发支持相契合的、内部自研与技术转移相结合的管理体系,并通过全视角的资源整合与合规优化等,完成对现有管理平台的硬性改革与软性治理。

艺术与科技融合背景下艺术类高校科研成果管理挑战与应对策略研究

科技的飞速进步使得艺术与科技的交融成为当下艺术领域的一大风潮。在新技术浪潮的助推下,艺术创作与科学探索逐渐交融,呈现出前所未有的风貌与形态。这种跨学科领域的科研成果管理,仍面临评价标准难以统一、知识产权保障乏力、成果转化机制不畅等诸多难题。通过探讨这些问题,深入剖析艺术与科技融合的现状,针对艺术类高校在科研成果管理中所遇到的种种挑战,提出切实可行的应对方案,为艺术类高校优化科研管理流程、促进艺术创新与技术革新提供有益的参考。

先导专项档案管理模式及优化策略研究

近年来,中国科学院战略性先导专项的立项活动日益增多,先导专项档案管理模式呈现出多样化的特点,但在责任划分、监督执行、制度完善及质量控制等多个层面均存在显著短板。为提高先导专项档案管理的质量和水平,文章分析了先导专项档案管理的现状,探讨了现行三种先导专项档案管理模式的优劣,提出从管理责任体系、规章制度体系、人才队伍体系、档案资源体系、档案管理平台等方面优化“科研+行政”并轨管理模式,以期双线负责人共同肩负专项责任,共同推进档案管理工作,为先导专项的高效建设提供优质的档案服务支持。

遥感技术在农业资源与土壤环境综合监测上的应用

近年来,遥感技术和遥感设备已被普遍应用于农业资源与土壤环境综合监测中,且在农业生产、环境保护和自然资源管理等几个方面成效卓著。但是,土壤问题依然影响着人类的生态文明建设,制约着人类健康和发展的稳定性。随着国内外对土壤问题研究和调查的不断深入,针对性提出的一系列解决方案和政策措施在一定程度上改善了土壤环境问题,但也暴露出监测技术不足、监测方法亟待改进等很多新问题。本文综述了遥感监测技术在农业生产、环境保护和自然资源管理三个方面的应用现状,重点对遥感监测手段、遥感技术在土壤监测方面的应用进行了较全面的阐述,对现有工作中存在的问题进行总结,并对今后的发展方向做出展望。