A cross-sectional study on the effects of occupational noise exposure on hypertension or cardiovascular among workers from automobile manufacturing company of Chongqing, China

For the past few years, noise pollution has been more and more serious, and it may lead to several diseases. While the humans expose to noise in quantity for a long time, their blood pressure will change, and even cause changes in cardiac function. In our study, we attempt to find the relationship between occupational noise and hypertension and impaired hearing, cardiac function. It may be helpful to obtain some useful information on occupational noise exposure of humans. The participants were divided into noisy group ≥90 dB (A) and non-noisy group ≤70 dB (A). We performed this research in an automobile manufacturing company of Chongqing, China during 2011-2012. Our study showed that there may be positive associations between?occupational noise and hypertension and impaired hearing, but no conclusion can be drawn between occupational noise and ECG.

Application of the BASNEF Model in Safety Training in Automobile Manufacturing Plants

After controls,including engineering and management,thefinal way to control noise is to use hearing protection devices.Duetothelack ofastandardized questionnaireregarding investigatingworkers’use of hearing protection devices on the basis of the BASNEF behavioral model,the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of health education based on the BASNEF model on the use of hearing protection devices in workers of an auto-mobile manufacturing plant in Iran.This quasi-experimental and prospective intervention study was performed on 80 workers at an automobile manufacturing plant who are exposed to noise levels above 85 decibels and donot use hearing protection devices.In this study,40 people working in a cast iron foundry were selected as the inter-vention group,and 40 working in aluminum casting were chosen as the control group.Questionnaires were ana-lyzed at the beginning of the intervention and three months after the intervention in the intervention and control groups.There was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups before the intervention.There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups after the intervention in the area of knowledge.A significant correlation was observed between the intervention and control groups after the inter-vention program in all areas of the BASNEF educational model except behavioral intention.In this study,the effect of educational intervention on the use of hearing protection devices was investigated,and with the educa-tional intervention,it was tried to get help from influential people and enabling factors in education based on the BASNEF model.The results showed that the educational intervention based on the BASNEF model can improve the knowledge of individuals in both the intervention and control groups.

On the Digital Transformation of the Automobile Manufacturing Industry in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle:Mechanism of Action and Feasible Paths

With a long industrial chain and a powerful ability to drive other industries,the automobile manufacturing industry has a prominent strategic position in the national economy.In recent years,many countries have put on their agenda the digitalization of the automobile manufacturing industry,leading to an connected,autonomous,shared,and electric(also known as CASE)①development trend in the industry.As one of the six major automobile industry clusters in China,the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle has achieved initial results in the digital transformation of the automobile manufacturing industry.However,the region is still faced with some constraints,such as insufficient digital infrastructure,relatively slow development of new automobile products,insufficient innovation ability of the automobile industry,and complex digital transformation of small and medium-sized automobile enterprises(automobile SMEs).This paper intends to construct a framework for the mechanism of action of the digital transformation in the automobile manufacturing industry,analyze the effects of the digital transformation of the automobile manufacturing industry in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle,and propose feasible paths for the digital transformation of the automobile manufacturing industry in the region by drawing on domestic and international experience in this regard.The specific paths include:(a)Smoothing the“dual-core”data chain to facilitate the digital transformation of the automobile manufacturing industry;(b)Developing the new energy vehicle(NEV)industry to upgrade the quality of automobile products;(c)Achieving corner overtaking in the digital transformation of the automobile manufacturing industry with digital technology;(d)Jointly building the automobile industrial park to promote the digital transformation of the industry;(e)Addressing problems facing automobile SMEs in digital transformation via targeted policy tools.

A Study on an Extensive Hierarchical Model for Demand Forecasting of Automobile Components

Demand forecasting and big data analytics in supply chain management are gaining interest.This is attributed to the wide range of big data analytics in supply chain management,in addition to demand forecasting,and behavioral analysis.In this article,we studied the application of big data analytics forecasting in supply chain demand forecasting in the automotive parts industry to propose classifications of these applications,identify gaps,and provide ideas for future research.Algorithms will then be classified and then applied in supply chain management such as neural networks,k-nearest neighbors,time series forecasting,clustering,regression analysis,support vector regression and support vector machines.An extensive hierarchical model for short-term auto parts demand assess-ment was employed to avoid the shortcomings of the earlier models and to close the gap that regarded mainly a single time series.The concept of extensive relevance assessment was proposed,and subsequently methods to reflect the relevance of automotive demand factors were discussed.Using a wide range of skills,the factors and co-factors are expressed in the form of a correlation characteristic matrix to ensure the degree of influence of each factor on the demand for automotive components.Then,it is compared with the existing data and predicted the short-term historical data.The result proved the predictive error is less than 6%,which supports the validity of the prediction method.This research offers the basis for the macroeconomic regulation of the government and the production of auto parts manufacturers.

Practical Analysis of Mechanical Automation Technology in Automobile Manufacturing

In today’s rapidly developing modern society,automobiles,as an important part of transportation and industrial fields,play a pivotal role.With the improvement of people’s living standards and the increase in traffic demand,the automobile manufacturing industry has been continuously developing and growing globally.However,to cope with increasingly fierce market competition and ever-changing consumer demands,the automobile manufacturing industry is also facing the challenges of improving production efficiency,reducing costs,and improving product quality.In this context,automation technology has gradually become a major trend in the automobile manufacturing industry.As an important support of modern industry,automation technology has shown great application potential in many fields.From industrial production to daily life,automation technology can be seen everywhere.In the field of manufacturing,especially in automobile manufacturing,the application of automation technology is getting more and more attention.Automated production lines,intelligent robots,and automated warehousing systems have all changed the face of automobile manufacturing to varying degrees,bringing companies higher efficiency,more stable quality,and greater competitive advantages.The application trend of this automation technology in various fields not only meets the needs of modern industry for efficient,precise,and sustainable development but also provides new ideas and paths for the future development of the automobile manufacturing industry.

Additive Manufacture of Ceramics Components by Inkjet Printing

In order to build a ceramic component by inkjet printing, the object must be fabricated through the interaction and solidification of drops, typically in the range of 10–100 p L. In order to achieve this goal, stable ceramic inks must be developed. These inks should satisfy specific rheological conditions that can be illustrated within a parameter space defined by the Reynolds and Weber numbers. Printed drops initially deform on impact with a surface by dynamic dissipative processes, but then spread to an equilibrium shape defined by capillarity. We can identify the processes by which these drops interact to form linear features during printing, but there is a poorer level of understanding as to how 2D and 3D structures form. The stability of 2D sheets of ink appears to be possible over a more limited range of process conditions that is seen with the formation of lines. In most cases, the ink solidifies through evaporation and there is a need to control the drying process to eliminate the "coffee ring" defect. Despite these uncertainties, there have been a large number of reports on the successful use of inkjet printing for the manufacture of small ceramic components from a number of different ceramics. This technique offers good prospects as a future manufacturing technique. This review identifies potential areas for future research to improve our understanding of this manufacturing method.

A Reconfigurable Manufacturing System for In-site Machining Component with Large Scale

To cope with various unpredictable changes in large scale parts,the concept of reconfigurable manufacturing system (RMS) for machining these components is presented.Considering with large-size space measurement and the fixed-free manufacture mode,an automatically localizing machining method for large scale part is studied in this paper,and the architecture of the RMS for machining large scale parts is proposed.According to the method and structure,the automatically localizing model is established.The theoretical analysis and simulation examples demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed method,and the results indicate that the method is suitable and effective for machining large scale components in significant scientific projects.

基于Visual Components的套筒类零件柔性制造单元的应用研究

为实现多品种中、小批量零件的智能化加工,以套筒类零件加工为研究对象,通过对零件工艺的分析,为满足单元加工、搬运、翻转等功能需求,对数控机床和工业机器人进行选型,实现柔性制造单元的设计。利用Visual Components软件进行单元搭建、仿真优化反馈以提高真实产线运行效率。利用Profinet实现制造单元真实搭建,完成单元安装调试。套筒类零件柔性制造单元的设计为生产线设计提供了新思路。

Characterization methods for additive manufacturing

Additive manufacturing(AM),also generally known as 3D print-ing,is one of the most disruptive technologies that has been widely used in automobile,aerospace,biomedical,weapons,and other industrial fields.Compared with traditional manufacturing technologies,AM has many significant advantages,including rapid production,easy operation,less material waste and labor costs,high efficiency,and is easy to realize personalized design and fab-rication especially for complex components.

Investigation on Occupational Disease Inductive Factors ofA utomobile Manufacturing Enterprises and Evaluation of Control Effect

The automobile manufacturing industry has a complex process and various processes,so it has buried many occupational-disease-related safety hazards and is the industry of high incidence of occupational diseases.Accurate identification and effective control of hazards in automobile manufacturing are an important guarantee for effective prevention of occupational disease.In order to investigate the types and status of occupational-disease-inductive factors of a car manufacturer,and evaluate the control effect,the general situation of the enterprise is collected from August 2016 to October 2017.And then the targeted treatment,including management measures,engineering protection and personal protection.The occupational-disease-inductive factors that are mainly produced in automobile manufacturing are productive dust,chemical substance and physical factors.

Performance of the automobile industry in February 2019

According to the statistical analysis of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, because of the impact of the Spring Festival holiday, production and sales of the automobiles showed a relatively fast month-on-month decline, and the decline of passenger cars was more obvious in February 2019.

Cost Deployment Tool for Technological Innovation of World Class Manufacturing

This article brings a discussion about using the Cost Deployment methodology for technological innovation in the World Class Manufacturing (WCM) systems at Fiat Group Automobiles Production System (FAPS). It aims to show how this tool acts in the technical pillars of the WCM, and its proper use as an alternative to innovate in production processes, achieving a drastic reduction in wastes and cost optimization during specific activities in production systems. The Cost Deployment builds a distinctive transversal method of WCM which helps to promote and provide extremely effectiveness in the activation of more specific methods that have been tried successfully in the Japanese manufacturing improvements. It also allows to link the operational performances, usually measured with indicators such as efficiency, providing number of defects, hours of desaturation. The used methodology was based on a literature review about the proposed topic. It ends up finding that the Cost Deployment tool is one of the most sophisticated technological innovations existing for the production systems of the World Class Manufacturing.

基于Visual Components的智能制造产线虚实结合调试平台的开发

文章以智能制造产线为研究对象,提出了一种基于Visual Components和TIA博途自动控制设计平台,提供了一种面向智能制造产线的虚实结合调试方法。与传统虚拟调试方法最大的区别就是将虚拟调试中的虚拟控制器替换成真实的控制设备,使用真实控制设备中的数据来驱动虚拟模型,从而进行调试。

Collaborative manufacturing technologies of structure shape and surface integrity for complex thin-walled components of aero-engine:Status,challenge and tendency

Presently,the service performance of new-generation high-tech equipment is directly affected by the manufacturing quality of complex thin-walled components.A high-efficiency and quality manufacturing of these complex thin-walled components creates a bottleneck that needs to be solved urgently in machinery manufacturing.To address this problem,the collaborative manufacturing of structure shape and surface integrity has emerged as a new process that can shorten processing cycles,improve machining qualities,and reduce costs.This paper summarises the research status on the material removal mechanism,precision control of structure shape,machined surface integrity control and intelligent process control technology of complex thin-walled components.Numerous solutions and technical approaches are then put forward to solve the critical problems in the high-performance manufacturing of complex thin-wall components.The development status,challenge and tendency of collaborative manufacturing technologies in the high-efficiency and quality manufacturing of complex thin-wall components is also discussed.

Additive manufacturing of copper-stainless steel hybrid components using laser-aided directed energy deposition

Combining dissimilar materials in a single component is an effective solution to integrate diverse material properties into a single part.Copper-stainless steel hybrid components are attracting more and more attention since the high thermal conductivity of copper can greatly enhance the thermal performance of stainless steel,which benefits its applications in many industries.However,direct joining of copper and stainless steel such as SS316 L is challenging since they preserve significant dissimilarities in physical,chemical,and thermo-mechanical properties.This paper aims to fabricate well-bonded copper-SS316 L hybrid parts using a laser-aided directed energy deposition(DED) process.A nickel-based alloy Deloro22(D22) is introduced between copper and SS316 L to address the detrimental issues in copper-SS316 L direct joints.Using this technique,defect-free interfaces are achieved at both the D22-SS316 L and copper-D22 transition zones.Tensile testing of Cu-D22-SS316 L and D22-SS316 L hybrid parts shows the fracture occurs at pure copper and SS316 L region,respectively,indicating an excellent bonding at the interfaces.Ascending in the building direction,a transition of grain structure is observed.A significant diffusion zone is obtained at both the D22-SS316 L and the Cu-D22 interfaces.The large diffusion distance results in a smooth variation in microhardness over the dissimilar materials.The microhardness increases from SS316 L to D22 with the highest value of 240 HV and then decreases from D22 to Cu with the lowest value of 63 ± 4 HV.Testing of thermophysical properties of the Cu-D22-SS316 L system indicates there is a ~300 % increase in thermal diffusivity and a ~200 % increase in thermal conductivity when compared to pure SS316 L.The significant increase in thermal diffusivity and conductivity validates the enhanced thermal performance of SS316 L when it is joined with pure copper.

中国新能源汽车产业基础再造的思路与路径研究

产业基础是产业竞争力的源泉,直接决定着一国产业发展的潜能。当前,数字经济正在改变传统产业逻辑,智能制造成为实施产业基础再造的主要趋势。新能源汽车产业作为我国战略性新兴产业之一,存在协同创新能力有待提升、智能化应用投入有限、回收业务发展滞后的现实问题。面对日益复杂的全球政治经济形势,我国新能源汽车产业可以采用技术创新、智能升级、绿色转型的思路,按照“完善顶层设计—建设创新协作平台—打造产业集群—推动企业协同发展—培育专精特新—健全配套条件—加强人才培养”的路径推进产业基础再造。

新时代高职院校专业课程思政改革与实践初探——以汽车制造质量分析与控制课程为例

在新时代高校教育改革发展背景下,为了更好地进行专业课程教学改革,通过对汽车企业质量管理岗位能力及需求的分析,确定了基于“工作任务”的课程开发理念,借鉴企业质量管理岗位的实际工作过程,重新搭建了课程的知识内容,深度融入了思政元素,并探索了新的教学模式和评价体系,有效培养了学生分析问题、解决问题的职业能力,提升了学生的岗位适应能力,为培养汽车类职业创新型人才提供了新思路。

汽车生产制造过程中离散事件的虚拟仿真建模

仅使用IDEF3过程建模方法对离散事件进行虚拟仿真建模时,需要通过复杂的行为单元描述顺序生产过程,使建模时间过长。因此,结合IDEF3过程建模方法和模糊逻辑规则,基于孪生数据进行数据映射,构建汽车生产制造的虚拟场景,对汽车生产制造过程中的离散事件进行虚拟仿真建模。首先,引入场景树和人机交互理论,以几何变换为核心实现虚拟场景的漫游,并通过分析生产加工工序之间的资源连接关系,明确离散事件的发生原理;其次,设计包含仿真全局时钟、离散事件仿真局部时钟及连续系统仿真局部时钟的完整仿真时钟,并基于完整仿真时钟定义离散事件推进机制;最后,根据仿真语言,生成离散事件虚拟仿真模型。实验结果表明,运用该方法的虚拟仿真建模时间仅为60 s。

工程认证背景下基于智能制造的汽车制造技术课程设计教学改革

汽车制造技术课程设计是汽车类专业非常重要的一门核心实践课程。随着智能制造技术的不断发展以及工程认证的广泛实施,汽车制造技术课程设计的内容、评价体系等需要相应的完善。该文从教学内容更新、师资力量培训以及评价体系完善3个方面进行了分析并提出改革措施。新措施的实施更有利于学生接触智能制造相关知识,课程评价体系的细化不仅成绩更加公平,而且可为后续教学过程持续改进提供数据基础。