Effects of Heterologously Overexpressing PIP5K-Family Genes in Arabidopsis on Inflorescence Development

Castor is one of the top 10 oil crops in the world and has extremely valuable uses.Castor inflorescences directly affect yield,so the study of inflorescence development is very important in increasing castor yield.Our previous studies have shown that the PIP5K gene family(PIP5Ks)is associated with inflorescence development.In this study,to determine the function of each PIP5K gene in castor,a female Lm-type castor line,aLmAB2,was used to determine the relative expression levels of the PIP5Ks in castor inflorescences.Six PIP5K genes were heterologously overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana,the relative expression of each gene and the effect on plants was determined in A.thaliana,and the relationships among the PIP5Ks in castor were inferred.The expression levels of the PIP5Ks in the female Lm-type castor line aLmAB2 were analyzed.The relative expression levels of the PIP5K9 and PIP5K11 genes were high(p<0.05)in isofemale inflorescences,and those of PIP5K1,PIP5K2,PIP5K6,and PIP5K8 were high(p<0.05)in female inflorescences but low(p<0.05)in bisexual inflorescences.The PIP5Ks were heterologously overexpressed in A.thaliana,and T3-generation plants with stable genetic resistance,i.e.,AT-PIP5K^(+)plants(AT-PIP5K1^(+),AT-PIP5K2^(+),AT-PIP5K6^(+),AT-PIP5K8^(+),AT-PIP5K9^(+),and ATPIP5K11^(+) plants),were obtained.Biological tests of the AT-PIP5K+plants showed that the growth of the main stem was significantly delayed in AT-PIP5K+plants compared with Columbia wild-type(WT)A.thaliana plants;the PIP5K1 and PIP5K2 genes promoted lateral stem growth and flower and silique development;and the PIP5K6,PIP5K8,PIP5K9 and PIP5K11 genes inhibited lateral stem growth and flower and silique development.The correlations among PIP5Ks in castor suggest that there may be a synergistic relationship among PIP5K1,PIP5K2,and PIP5K6 in castor inflorescences,and PIP5K8,PIP5K9,and PIP5K11 are complementary to the other three genes.

抗黑素瘤分化相关基因5抗体阳性皮肌炎合并快速进展性间质性肺病的临床特征及危险因素

目的:通过分析抗黑素瘤分化相关基因5抗体(MDA5)阳性皮肌炎(DM)患者合并快速进展性间质性肺病(RPILD)和非RPILD的临床特点差异,探讨合并RPILD发生的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析南京医科大学炎性肌病及结缔组织病相关间质性肺病专病联盟组织收集的251例抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎(MDA5+DM)患者临床资料,将其根据有无合并RPILD进行分组,采用t检验、U检验、χ^(2)检验及Logistic回归分析合并RPILD患者的临床特点,探讨RPILD发生的危险因素。结果:将251例患者分为RPILD组(89例)和非RPILD组(162例),2组患者性别、年龄、病程、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、抗Ro-52抗体阳性、铁蛋白(SF)、抗MDA5抗体滴度比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄、ESR、抗MDA5抗体滴度、性别(男性)、CRP、抗Ro-52抗体均有统计学意义(OR>1,P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示性别(男性)、CRP、抗Ro-52抗体有统计学意义(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论:年龄、ESR、抗MDA5抗体滴度可能增加MDA5+DM患者发生RPILD的风险,但不是独立危险因素;性别(男性)、CRP升高、抗Ro-52抗体阳性可能是MDA5+DM患者合并RPILD的独立危险因素,均与RPILD的发生呈正相关。

LncRNA-ATB promotes autophagy by activating Yes-associated protein and inducing autophagy-related protein 5 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in many diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Autophagy is a metabolic pathway that facilitates cancer cell survival in response to stress. The relationship between autophagy and the lncRNA-activated by transforming growth factor beta (lncRNA-ATB) in HCC remains unknown. AIM To explore the influence of lncRNA-ATB in regulating autophagy in HCC cells and the underlying mechanism. METHODS In the present study, we evaluated lncRNA-ATB expression in tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues from 72 HCC cases by real-time PCR. We evaluated the role of lncRNA-ATB in the proliferation and clonogenicity of HCC cells in vitro. The effect of lncRNA-ATB on autophagy was determined using a LC3-GFP reporter and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the mechanism by which lncRNA-ATB regulates autophagy was explored by immunofluorescence staining, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and Western blot. RESULTS The expression of lncRNA-ATB was higher in HCC tissues than in normal liver tissues, and lncRNA-ATB expression was positively correlated with tumor size, TNM stage, and poorer survival of patients with HCC. Moreover, ectopic overexpression of lncRNA-ATB promoted cell proliferation and clonogenicnity of HCC cells in vitro. LncRNA-ATB promoted autophagy by activating Yesassociated protein (YAP). Moreover, lncRNA-ATB interacted with autophagy-related protein 5 (ATG5) mRNA and increased ATG5 expression. CONCLUSION LncRNA-ATB regulates autophagy by activating YAP and increasing ATG5 expression. Our data demonstrate a novel function for lncRNA-ATB in autophagy and suggest that lncRNA-ATB plays an important role in HCC.

Analysis of the autophagy gene expression profile of pancreatic cancer based on autophagy-related protein microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a highly invasive malignant tumor. Expression levels of the autophagy-related protein microtubule-associated protein 1 A/1 B-light chain 3(LC3) and perineural invasion(PNI) are closely related to its occurrence and development. Our previous results showed that the high expression of LC3 was positively correlated with PNI in the patients with pancreatic cancer. In this study, we further searched for differential genes involved in autophagy of pancreatic cancer by gene expression profiling and analyzed their biological functions in pancreatic cancer, which provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the pathophysiological mechanism of autophagy in pancreatic cancer and PNI.AIM To identify differentially expressed genes involved in pancreatic cancer autophagy and explore the pathogenesis at the molecular level.METHODS Two sets of gene expression profiles of pancreatic cancer/normal tissue(GSE16515 and GSE15471) were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus.Significance analysis of microarrays algorithm was used to screen differentially expressed genes related to pancreatic cancer. Gene Ontology(GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analysis were used to analyze the functional enrichment of the differentially expressed genes. Protein interaction data containing only differentially expressed genes was downloaded from String database and screened. Module mining was carried out by Cytoscape software and ClusterOne plug-in. The interaction relationship between the modules was analyzed and the pivot nodes between the functional modules were determined according to the information of the functional modules and the data of reliable protein interaction network.RESULTS Based on the above two data sets of pancreatic tissue total gene expression, 6098 and 12928 differentially expressed genes were obtained by analysis of genes with higher phenotypic correlation. After extracting the intersection of the two differential gene sets, 4870 genes were determined. GO analysis showed that 14 significant functional items including negative regulation of protein ubiquitination were closely related to autophagy. A total of 986 differentially expressed genes were enriched in these functional items. After eliminating the autophagy related genes of human cancer cells which had been defined, 347 differentially expressed genes were obtained. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the pathways hsa04144 and hsa04020 were related to autophagy. In addition,65 clustering modules were screened after the protein interaction network was constructed based on String database, and module 32 contains the LC3 gene,which interacts with multiple autophagy-related genes. Moreover, ubiquitin C acts as a pivot node in functional modules to connect multiple modules related to pancreatic cancer and autophagy.CONCLUSION Three hundred and forty-seven genes associated with autophagy in human pancreatic cancer were concentrated, and a key gene ubiquitin C which is closely related to the occurrence of PNI was determined, suggesting that LC3 may influence the PNI and prognosis of pancreatic cancer through ubiquitin C.

Analysis of functional hub genes indicates DLGAP5 is linked to lung adenocarcinoma prognosis

Introduction:The difficulty in treating lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)is caused by a shortage of knowledge about the biological mechanisms and a lack of treatment choices.Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify a valuable molecular target for the treatment of LUAD.Methods:Using multiple databases,we screened for hub genes in LUAD using Cytoscape and explored the expression and prognosis of DLG associated protein 5(DLGAP5)in LUAD.We investigated the genetic variation,functional enrichment,and epigenetic activity of DLGAP5.Furthermore,we evaluated the relationship between the tumor microenvironment(TME)and DLGAP5.Results:Our study identified 10 hub genes in LUAD:CDC45,KIAA0101,DLGAP5,CDT1,NCAPG,CCNB1,CDCA5,CDC20,KIF11,and AURKA.We discovered that DLGAP5 was overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis in LUAD.DLGAP5 exhibited an overall genetic variation frequency of 2%,and its DNA promoter was hypomethylated in LUAD(p<0.05).The expression of DLGAP5 in LUAD showed a positive correlation with the majority of N6-methyladenosine(m6A)-methylation genes.Additionally,DLGAP5 was primarily associated with the cell cycle in LUAD.Notably,there was a significant favorable association between DLGAP5 and CD274,CTLA4,HAVCR2,and LAG3 in LUAD.Conclusion:DLGAP5 may be a therapeutic target for LUAD,as it affects cancer cells proliferation and development through the regulation of cell-cycle checkpoints and modulation of immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints in the TME.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the F3′5′H Gene Family in Blueberry(Vaccinium corymbosum L.)Provides Insights into the Regulation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis

The F3′5′H gene family plays an important role in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis,abiotic stress,and hormone signaling.In this study,14 F3′5′H genes were identified from the blueberry genome.The chromosomal distribution,physicochemical properties,F3′5′H domain,conserved motifs,cis-acting elements,and intron/exon compositions were analyzed.The functional prediction analysis of these VcF3′5′Hs indicated that their biological functions included light response and other secondary metabolites.The results of qRT-PCR showed that VcF3′5′Hs(especially VcF3′5′H4)were highly expressed at the ripening stage.Subcellular localization revealed that VcF3′5′H4 may be located in the endoplasmic reticulum.Co-expression analysis showed that the VcF3′5′H gene family was related to anthocyanin.This research provides an overview of the blueberry F3′5′H family and helps verify the role of these genes in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis.

大黄鱼ATG5基因的分子特征及促进病毒增殖的作用

为探究大黄鱼自噬相关基因5(LcATG5)在病毒感染中免疫应答中的作用,本实验从大黄鱼中克隆得到了自噬相关基因ATG5(LcATG5),其开放阅读框(ORF)全长828个核苷酸,编码275个氨基酸的蛋白质,预测的分子量为32.3 ku,等电点为5.7。氨基酸序列比对和系统进化分析结果显示,Lc ATG5与其他物种ATG5之间的序列一致性较高,含有1个高度保守的APG5结构域,并且与棘头梅童鱼ATG5的亲缘关系最近。荧光定量PCR结果显示,LcATG5在所检测的11个组织或器官中均有表达,在血液中表达量最高,在脾脏中表达量最低;LcATG5在来源于大黄鱼头肾组织的原代粒细胞、淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞以及细胞系LYCK细胞中也均有表达,在原代粒细胞中表达量相对较高,而在巨噬细胞中相对较低;病毒类似物poly(I:C)刺激后,这4种免疫细胞中LcATG5的表达水平都显著上调,其在LYCK细胞中变化最为显著,刺激后12 h上调了3.93倍。过表达Lc ATG5的鲤上皮瘤(epithelioma papulosum cyprini,EPC)细胞受鲤春病毒血症病毒(spring viremia of carp virus,SVCV)感染48 h后,细胞病变效应(cytopathic effects,CPE)明显高于对照组,细胞培养上清中SVCV的滴度为10^(13.82)TCID_(50)/mL,高于对照组10^(9.27)TCID_(50)/mL,同时细胞内SVCV标志基因SVCV-G、SVCV-M和SVCV-P的表达量分别上调了13.77倍、15.72倍和11.39倍,表明Lc ATG5过表达促进了EPC细胞中SVCV病毒增殖,上述结果为深入研究自噬和自噬相关基因在鱼类病毒感染过程中的作用及机制奠定了基础。

蒙药经典方剂肉豆蔻-5对心肌梗死的保护作用及机制研究

目的探讨蒙药经典方剂肉豆蔻-5对心肌梗死(MI)模型大鼠的保护作用及机制。方法将50只大鼠分为空白对照组(A组),模型对照组(B组),肉豆蒄-5高、中、低剂量干预组(C1组、C2组、C3组),各10只。除A组外,B组、C1组、C2组、C3组大鼠通过冠脉左前降支(LAD)结扎构建MI模型。C1组、C2组、C3组大鼠分别灌胃0.27,0.54,1.08 g/kg肉豆蔻-5,A组和B组大鼠灌胃等量羧甲基纤维素钠。通过检测大鼠左室射血分数(LVEF),心肌组织2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色、Masson染色及外周血心肌损伤标志物肌酸激酶脑型同工酶(CK-MB)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平,评价肉豆蔻-5对MI模型大鼠的保护作用。对大鼠心肌组织进行蛋白质组学检测及蛋白基因集富集分析(GSEA),明确肉豆蔻-5保护MI的作用机制。结果与B组比较,C1组大鼠的LVEF均显著升高(P<0.05);C1组、C2组大鼠的LDH和CK-MB水平均显著降低(P<0.05),心肌梗死面积占比显著缩小(P<0.05),心肌纤维化程度显著降低(P<0.05)。心肌组织蛋白质组学检测结果显示,与B组比较,C1组大鼠心肌组织中分别有522个和270个蛋白显著高表达和低表达(P<0.05)。维恩图显示,肉豆蔻-5能逆转MI模型大鼠心肌组织中169个蛋白而发挥对MI的保护作用。169个蛋白GSEA结果显示,代谢通路、氧化磷酸化通路、非酒精性脂肪肝通路、阿尔茨海默病通路、帕金森病通路被显著富集(P<0.05),其中代谢通路(EnrichmentScore=0.4538,P=0.0037)和氧化磷酸化通路(EnrichmentScore=0.4928,P=0.044)与心脏功能密切相关。结论肉豆蔻-5对MI的保护作用与调控心肌代谢有关。

Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 and anti-Ro52 antibody-dual positive dermatomyositis accompanied by rapidly lung disease:Three case reports

BACKGROUND Clinically amyopathic deramatomyositis was manifested as the various cutaneous dermatomyositis(DM)manifestations without muscle weakness.Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5(anti-MDA5)and anti-Ro52 antibody-dual positive clinically amyopathic DM patients are at a high risk of developing rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease,and they exhibit an immensely high half-year mortality.CASE SUMMARY We presented three patients with anti-MDA5 and anti-Ro52 antibody-dual positive DM patients and we reviewed the previous studies on the link between anti-MDA5 and anti-Ro52 antibody-dual positive DM.Although we aggressively treated these patients similarly,but they all exhibited different prognoses.We reviewed the importance of clinical cutaneous rashes as well as the pathogenesis and treatment in the dual positive anti-MDA5 and anti-Ro52 associated DM.CONCLUSION Patients with anti-MDA5 anti-Ro52 antibody-dual positive DM should be accurately diagnosed at an early stage and should be treated aggressively,thus,the patient’s prognosis can be significantly modified.

Treatment of refractory anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 anbibody-positive dermatomyositis complicated by rapidly progressing interstitial pulmonary disease:Two case reports

BACKGROUND Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive(anti-MDA5 Ab+)dermatomyositis complicated with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease(anti-MDA5 Ab+DM-RP-ILD)has an unclear underlying mechanism with no recommended unified treatment plan.Herein,one of the cases that we report(Case 2)was successfully treated with tocilizumab despite having lung infection.CASE SUMMARY Case 1 was a 30-year-old woman who was admitted due to recurrent rash for 5 mo,fever and cough for 1 mo,and chest tightness for 3 d.She was diagnosed with non-myopathic dermatomyositis(anti-MDA5 Ab+)and interstitial pneumonia,and was treated with the combination of hormone therapy and cyclophosphamide followed by oral tacrolimus.Case 2 was a 31-year-old man admitted due to systemic rash accompanied by muscle weakness of limbs for more than 1 mo,and chest tightness and dry cough for 4 d.He was diagnosed with dermatomyositis(anti-MDA5 Ab+)and acute interstitial pneumonia with Pneumocystis jirovecii and Aspergillus fumigatus infections and was treated with hormone therapy(without cyclophosphamide)and the combination of tocilizumab and tacrolimus.The condition of both patients eventually improved and they were discharged and showed clinically stable condition at the latest follow-up.CONCLUSION Tocilizumab could be a salvage treatment for patients with anti-MDA5 Ab+DMRP-ILD who are refractory to intensive immunosuppression.

绝经后2型糖尿病LRP5基因多态性与骨量异常的研究

目的分析低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白5(low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 5,LRP5)rs556442、rs312778位点基因多态性及突变在绝经后女性2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者中骨量异常的意义。方法收集2021年5月至2023年5月新疆石河子地区的142例绝经后女性资料进行回顾性分析,分为正常对照组(A组,n=29)、T2DM组(B组,n=30)、骨量降低组(C组,n=28)、骨量降低+T2DM组(D组,n=55)。收集记录相关基线资料,运用全自动生化测定仪测定受试者血糖、血脂及骨代谢指标。通过双能X线骨密度仪测定骨密度(bone mineral density BMD),LRP5基因位点多态性采用飞行时间质谱法(MALDI-TOF-MS)测定,采用SNPscan技术对上述SNP位点进行基因分型。结果①四组基线资料比较,绝经年限、年龄及腰臀比(waist hip ratio,WHR)比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);②与A组相比,B组的空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)升高(P<0.05);D组的FPG、HbA1c的血清学水平升高,甘油三酯(TG)血清学水平降低(P<0.05);③rs556442位点:与A组相比,D组基因型分布(AA/AG/GG基因型)有统计学意义(P<0.05);rs312778位点组间基因型(CC/CT/TT基因型)及等位基因分布频率均无统计学意义(P>0.05);④rs556442位点:与AA基因型相比,B、C组AG/GG基因型的股骨颈BMD水平降低;D组AG/GG型的HDL血清学水平降低(P<0.05)。rs312778位点:与CC基因型相比,A组HbA1C、FPG血清学水平较CT/TT基因型低(P<0.05);D组CT/TT基因型的低密度脂蛋白(LDL)血清学水平升高(P<0.05);⑤多元线性回归分析:rs556442位点,TG增加是腰L_(1~4)BMD降低的危险因素(P<0.05);rs312778位点,体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)降低是腰L_(1~4)及股骨颈BMD降低的危险因素,TG增加是腰L_(1~4)BMD降低的危险因素(P<0.05);⑥在rs556442、rs312778位点骨量异常与基因型分布均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论新疆石河子地区绝经后T2DM女性患者LRP5基因rs556442、rs312778基因位点的突变可能与骨量降低有关。

结直肠癌患者的血清长链非编码RNASNHG5和SNHG11表达及临床意义

目的探究结直肠癌(CRC)患者的血清长链非编码RNA小核仁RNA宿主基因5(lncRNASNHG5,下文简称SNHG5)、SNHG11表达水平及其对CRC的诊断价值。方法选择2015年1月至2018年3月于秦皇岛市第一医院接受CRC根治术治疗的72例CRC患者作为研究对象(设为CRC组),另选择同期于该院就诊的61例结直肠息肉患者设为结直肠息肉组,以及同期于该院体检的59名健康志愿者设为健康对照组。采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测血清SNHG5、SNHG11表达水平,并分析其与CRC患者临床病理特征的关系。采用ROC曲线评估血清SNHG5、SNHG11诊断CRC的效能。采用Kaplan-Meier法分析血清SNHG5、SNHG11表达水平与CRC患者术后无病生存期的关系。结果与健康对照组相比,结直肠息肉组和CRC组的血清SNHG5、SNHG11相对表达量均较高,且CRC组的血清SNHG5、SNHG11相对表达量均高于结直肠息肉组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。低分化、TNM分期为Ⅲ期、有浆膜浸润、有淋巴结转移的CRC患者的血清SNHG5、SNHG11相对表达量分别高于中高分化、TNM分期为Ⅱ期、无浆膜浸润、无淋巴结转移的患者,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清SNHG5和SNHG11联合检测诊断CRC的AUC均大于单项检测,其敏感度和特异度也均高于单项检测。SNHG5低表达组和SNHG11低表达组的无病生存率分别高于SNHG5高表达组和SNHG11高表达组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论CRC患者的血清SNHG5、SNHG11表达均上调,且均与患者术后无病生存密切相关,两者联合检测诊断CRC的效能较高。

抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5抗体阳性皮肌炎相关性间质性肺病的临床特点及预后研究进展

抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5抗体阳性皮肌炎(MDA5+DM)是特发性炎性肌病的一种特殊类型,常隐匿地引起间质性肺病(ILD),甚至发展成快速进展型ILD,后者预后极差、病死率高。而且MDA5+DM-ILD的临床表现、疾病进展差异较大,在一定程度上限制了该疾病的早期诊断、早期治疗及预后判断。本文就MDA5+DM-ILD疾病中抗MDA5抗体的作用和该疾病的病因、发病机制、症状、治疗等临床特点的相关研究展开综述,重点阐述影响预后的相关因素及预测预后的模型,以期帮助临床医生了解该疾病特点,提高诊断水平,同时针对患者进行个体化治疗,改善患者预后,并对患者预后做出早期判断。

拟南芥TRX-h5基因的克隆和表达分析

硫氧还蛋白(TRX-h)是一类催化二硫键还原的小分子蛋白,在调控氧化应激响应中发挥重要作用。为了研究硫氧还蛋白的结构及其功能,文章以野生型拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)Columbia(Col-0)为研究材料,通过反转录-聚合酶链式反应(reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)技术获得TRX-h5基因的编码序列(coding sequence,CDS),体外构建pET28a(+)-TRX-h5及pET28a(+)-TRX-h5M(第39位和第42位半胱氨酸位点突变)的原核表达载体,转化至大肠杆菌感受态细胞BL21(DE3)中,诱导后经镍柱纯化得到带有6个His标签的融合蛋白。通过SDS-PAGE电泳技术检测到14 kDa处的目的条带,与理论值预测一致。运用生物信息学分析得出,TRX-h5基因编码118个氨基酸,相对分子质量为13122.32,理论等电点为5.19,该蛋白的不稳定参数为26.74,属于稳定性蛋白。点突变分析发现,TRX-h5的第39位和第42位半胱氨酸位点决定了该蛋白的催化活性,为进一步探究TRX-h5的蛋白功能和高等植物氧化还原系统的研究提供了新思路。

许氏平鲉5-HT1A基因单核苷酸多态性与攻击行为表型相关性研究

以许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegelii)幼鱼为研究对象,旨在探究5-HT1A受体基因在攻击行为调控中的作用。首先,通过注射8-OH-DPAT(特异性5-HT1A受体激动剂)对许氏平鲉幼鱼的攻击行为进行了分析,评估了受体对幼鱼攻击行为的影响;其次,对不同攻击表型的许氏平鲉幼鱼进行了5-HT1A受体基因的多态性位点筛选,以期获得与许氏平鲉攻击行为显著相关的潜在SNP标记。结果显示:(1)8-OH-DPAT处理组幼鱼攻击行为的频率和时间显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但攻击潜伏期显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(2)在5-HT1Aα启动子区域中发现了7个与攻击表型差异显著相关的多态性位点(P<0.05),分别为SNP 1236、SNP 1245、SNP 1260、SNP1301、SNP 1302、SNP 1309和SNP 1330位点;在5-HT1Aβ启动子区域中发现了2个与攻击表型差异显著相关的多态性位点(P<0.05),分别为SNP 892和SNP 1147位点,但在5-HT1A基因CDS编码区并未发现与攻击差异表型显著相关的多态性位点(P>0.05)。综上所述,研究结果证明了5-HT1A受体的激活能够显著抑制许氏平鲉的攻击行为,筛选了与攻击性差异个体相关的5-HT1A受体基因SNP位点。

The Influence of Aerial Exposure on Sea Anemones Aulactinia veratra Mucin Genes Expression Using the RNA Sequencing

Mucin genes are the main component of mucus. The sea anemone species, Aulactinia veratra (Phylum Cnidaria) contains different types of mucin genes. In the intertidal zone, A. veratra is found to be exposed to air during the low tide and produces large quantities of mucus as an external covering. The relation between low tide and mucus secretion is still unclear, and what is the role of mucin during arial exposure is not yet investigated. This study hypothesised that the mucin genes in A. veratra would have significantly high expression in response to aerial exposure. Therefore, the aim of current study was to examine and analyses the response of A. veratra mucins in response to an experiment involving three hours of aerial exposure. To achieve this, aim the RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were used to examine the expression profile of A. veratra mucin genes in response to aerial exposure. The generated results have shown that, Mucin4-like and mucin5B-like were up-regulated in response to the three hours of aerial exposure in A. veratra. This finding shows a significant role of mucin5B-like and mucin4-like genes in response to air stress at low tide. The data generated from this study could be used in conjunction with future mucin gene studies of sea anemones and other cnidarians to compare A. veratra mucin gene expression results across time, and to extend our understanding of mucin stress response in this phylum.

ATG3和ATG5在尖锐湿疣患者皮损组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨尖锐湿疣患者皮损组织中自噬相关基因3(ATG3)与自噬相关基因5(ATG5)的表达水平及临床意义。方法选取青岛市城阳区人民医院收治的92例尖锐湿疣患者作为研究组。选取同期因其他原因切除外生殖器正常皮肤组织的63例健康者作为对照组,其中45例男性行包皮环切术,18例女性行外阴整形术。收集并记录所有研究对象的一般资料,检测皮损组织中ATG3和ATG5的表达水平,采用Pearson法分析ATG3和ATG5表达水平的相关性,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析ATG3、ATG5表达水平预测尖锐湿疣复发的效能。结果研究组患者皮损组织中ATG3(1.28±0.27)和ATG5(0.91±0.23)表达水平较对照组(1.86±0.39,1.34±0.31)显著降低(P<0.05)。皮损组织ATG3和ATG5表达水平与疣体团块直径及人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)类型有关(P<0.05)。Pearson法相关分析显示,尖锐湿疣患者皮损组织中ATG3和ATG5表达水平呈正相关(r=0.527,P<0.05)。复发组皮损组织中ATG3和ATG5表达水平显著低于未复发组(P<0.05)。皮损组织中ATG3、ATG5单独及联合预测尖锐湿疣复发的AUC分别为0.729、0.785和0.907,二者联合优于ATG3、ATG5单一指标预测(Z_(ATG3-联合)=2.876、Z_(ATG5-联合)=2.064,P<0.05)。结论ATG3和ATG5在尖锐湿疣患者皮损组织中表达水平显著降低,二者联合可用于预测尖锐湿疣的复发,临床应用价值较大。

Evaluation of autophagy-related genes and lncRNAs signature for prognositic prediction in thyroid carcinoma via bioinformatics analysis

Autophagy plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma.The role of autophagy-related genes and long non-coding RNAs,as well as the risk model of thyroid carcinoma patients were investigated to predict clinical outcome of thyroid carcinoma.Different expression of autophagy-related genes and long non-coding RNAs in thyroid carcinoma patients was identified in The Cancer Genome Atlas database.Functional enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis was used to hint the mechanism that autophagy might act in thyroid carcinoma.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed for screening the prognostic autophagy-related genes and long non-coding RNAs to construct prognostic related risk model.thyroid carcinoma patients were divided into the low-risk and high-risk groups.The overall survival time was both shorter in the high-risk groups than that in the low-risk groups.As for autophagy-related genes prognostic risk model,age and autophagy-related genes risk score are independent prognostic factors that affect the survival of thyroid carcinoma.ATIC and CDKN2A expression was closely related to pathological stage and T status,DNAJB1 expression was closely related to M status,age and gender.While autophagy-associated long non-coding RNA related prognostic risk model consequently demonstrated that the long non-coding RNA risk score could significantly predict the survival rate of thyroid carcinoma patients with areas under the curve of 0.972.gene set enrichment analysis presented that a total of 16 gene sets including 10 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated gene sets were significantly enriched.The autophagy-related genes and long non-coding RNAs based prognostic risk models are a reliable forecasting tool for thyroid carcinoma patients.

15个物种Toll样受体5基因密码子使用偏好性分析

【目的】探究Toll样受体5(TLR5)基因的密码子使用模式,并分析TLR5基因密码子使用偏好性的影响因素。【方法】综合运用CodonW、BioEdit和R等软件对筛选的15个不同物种TLR5基因完整编码区(CDS)序列核苷酸组成和密码子使用模式进行计算和统计,再基于同义密码子相对使用度(RSCU)和CDS分别进行聚类分析,推测TLR5基因发挥相似生物学功能的物种,并通过ENC-plot、Neutrality-plot和PR2-plot 3种绘图分析造成密码子偏好性现象的可能因素。【结果】9个物种TLR5基因CDS密码子第3位碱基GC含量(GC3)>0.5,14个物种有效密码子数(ENC)值>35,15个物种密码子AU偏斜度(AU skew)和GC偏斜度(GC skew)值<0;不同物种TLR5基因CDS有31个高频密码子,其中21个以G或C结尾,此外GCC、AGA、AGG和CUG表现为较高的RSCU值,为优势密码子;RSCU层次聚类和系统发育聚类结果不完全相同,但两种聚类方法均提示猪、牛和羊TLR5基因的密码子使用特点相似,鸡和绿头鸭相似,虹鳟和鲫鱼相似;ENC-plot分析发现各物种TLR5基因均分布在标准曲线下方较远位置,Neutrality-plot显示密码子第1、2位GC含量的平均值(GC12)和GC3含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),PR2-plot则显示密码子第3位碱基使用频率不一致。【结论】不同物种TLR5基因密码子使用模式存在偏好性现象,该现象是物种进化过程中受碱基突变和翻译选择双重影响的结果,其中碱基突变是主要影响因素。研究结果可为后续TLR5基因的生物学功能挖掘提供新的角度和理论认识。

Aqp5-C末端截断小鼠的构建及其潜在应用

目的 Aqp5蛋白的C末端结构对其功能的发挥起着重要作用。本研究旨在通过构建Aqp5-C末端6个氨基酸缺失的突变小鼠,验证Aqp5-C末端6个氨基酸缺失对该蛋白亚细胞定位的影响,并初步比较研究此突变小鼠的肺脏组织结构和转录组的改变,探讨该突变小鼠用于Aqp5功能研究的潜在应用价值。方法 采用基于gRNA的CRISPER Cas 9技术构建Aqp5末端6个氨基酸缺失的突变小鼠(Aqp5-p.I260*)并进行序列鉴定,采用组织切片、荧光染色和显微镜观察等手段明确突变蛋白在肺泡上皮细胞的亚细胞定位和突变小鼠肺组织结构,采用转录组测序研究突变小鼠肺脏基因差异表达。结果 本研究成功构建了Aqp5蛋白C末端截断小鼠,发现p.I260*改变了亚细胞定位,Aqp5-p.I260*鼠肺泡数目少于野生鼠;Aqp5-p.I260*小鼠肺组织的转录组上调基因主要富集于发育和造血细胞谱系等通路,其Aqp5功能缺陷后诱发炎症相关通路基因(Hspa1a、IL-1β、Col3a1等)的表达水平改变。结论 本研究在体验证了小鼠Aqp5蛋白C末端6个氨基酸缺失突变对该蛋白细胞膜定位的关键作用,表明了以该小鼠作为Aqp5功能缺陷模型探讨Aqp5蛋白在肺发育和骨髓造血、炎症和免疫调节等生物学功能的潜在应用价值。