Percutaneous placement of an IABP in the left axillary/subclavian position provides safe,ambulatory long-term support as bridge to heart transplantation

Objectives We evaluated the feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of a strategy for percutaneous pump （IABP） placement through the left axillary-subelavian artery to provide mechanical in patients with end-stage heart failure as a bridge to heart transplantation. intra-aortic balloon circulatory support

Isolated axillary tumor deposit consistent with primary breast carcinoma:A case report

BACKGROUND We all know that lymph-node metastasis is an important factor for poor clinical outcome in breast cancer prognosis.Tumor deposit refers to a discrete collection of cancer cells that is found in the lymph nodes or other tissues adjacent to the primary tumor site.These tumor deposits are separate from the primary tumor and are often considered as a manifestation of lymph node metastasis.In gastric and colorectal cancer,tumor deposits in the lymph node drainage area have been included as independent prognostic factors.The question arises whether tumor deposits should also be considered as prognostic factors in breast cancer patients.This article aims to provoke some thoughts on this matter through a case study and literature review.CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old female patient was found to have a right breast lump for over 2 years.On January 3,2023,a core needle biopsy of the right breast lump was performed,and the pathology report indicated invasive carcinoma.Subsequently,on January 17,2023,the patient underwent right breast-conserving surgery,sentinel lymph node biopsy,and right axillary lymph node dissection.The postoperative pathological staging was determined as stage IIB.The patient received chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and endocrine therapy.At present,nearly one year after the surgery,no obvious signs of metastasis have been observed in the follow-up examinations,but the long-term prognosis is still unknown.CONCLUSION There is a need for increased focus on the matter of tumor deposits in the lymph node drainage region,as well as a requirement for further clinical investigation to ascertain the relevance of tumor deposits in the prognosis of individuals with breast carcinoma.

The Risk Factors of Lymphedema in Breast Cancer Patients Post Axillary Clearance

Introduction: Breast cancer is the number one malignancy affecting females in Saudi Arabia with a prevalence of 22.4%. Breast cancer incidence increases annually due to the aid of established screening programs, leading to the discovery of breast cancer in its early stages. Surgical treatment is an integral part of early breast cancer management to achieve local control. Axillary surgical interventions such sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and axillary lymph node clearance (ALND) aim to stage the axilla as an adjunct to the management of the primary breast tumor. In this paper, we reviewed female breast cancer patients aged 30 - 60 who underwent surgical treatment of SLNB and/or ALND with reporting the prevalence of lymphedema and other associated complications and risk factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional non-interventional study, with a sample size of 250 including breast cancer cases from 2016 to 2019 at National Guard Hospital (NGH) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results: A total of 253 breast cancer cases were included in this study, with a mean age of 53 years, 52.7% were postmenopausal and positive family history was present among 21% of cases. Further, 90.9% of the cases had unilateral disease. Staging was as follows: stage I 14.5%, stage II 45.2%, stage III 37.1%, and stage IV 3.2%. Mastectomy was done in 73.4% cases and lumpectomy was performed in 34.1% of cases. In addition, 93.3% of patients had SLNB and 49% of them were positive. Axillary dissection was performed in 69.6% of our patients. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were given to 71.8% and 80.4% of cases respectively. Among the chemotherapy (chemo) recipients, 40.2% received adjuvant chemo, 54.5% received neoadjuvant chemo, and the remaining 5.3% received both. Further, the most prevalent complication was pain accounting for 42.1% of total complications, and the least prevalent was cellulitis 4%. Also, seroma developed in 18.3% cases, paresthesia noted in 5.6% of cases, winged scapula was reported as 2%, weakness and necrosis were seen in 6% and 13.1% of cases respectively. Axillary vein thrombosis and lymphangiosarcoma were reported in none of the patients (0%). Lymphoedema accounted for 16.1% of overall complications, 85% of the patients who developed lymphedema had undergone ALND, and 12.9% and 14.4% received radiotherapy and chemotherapy respectively. Lymphedema was observed in breast cancer stages as follows: stage I 1.2%, stage II 7.2%, and stage III 5.2%. Patients with body mass index (BMI) of 30 - 39 kg/m2 had 7.2% prevalence of lymphedema compared to other BMI groups. Overall mortality was 8.3%. Conclusion: The findings of our study suggest that the prevalence of lymphedema was higher in ALND patients with locally advanced tumors, and higher BMI, compared to patients with stage I breast cancer and low BMI. Further, the prevalence of lymphedema in patients who underwent ALND was significantly lower than those who were treated by lumpectomy 10.3% (p-value = 0.034) in comparison to mastectomy 19.3%.

Subclavian Arterial Bleeding during Permanent Pacemaker Implantation: Clinical Case Report and Literature Review

Research objective: To study a clinical case that had a complication of subclavian artery bleeding during permanent pacemaker implantation process. Subject and Method: Clinical case report and literature review. Study of a patient had an indication for permanent pacemaker implantation who had complication of subclavian artery bleeding during the procedure. Result: An 84-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital because of fainting spells with chest pain, on the background of dangerous complex arrhythmias and ischemic heart disease, and was prescribed a pacemaker for this patient. The patient had complication occurred during the procedure, which left subclavian artery bleeding was detected and treated promptly, a cardiac pacemaker was implanted on the right side of the chest, and the patient had a successful endovascular stent cover in the left subclavian artery. Conclude: Subclavian artery bleeding is a rare complication in the procedure of permanent pacemaker implantation, but it can still occur and requires quick detection and timely treatment, needs to be successful in cardiac pacemaker placement and subclavian artery drug-eluting stent cover placement intervention. Individualized patient risk assessment is needed;appropriate and standardized intervention techniques and experience can reduce the occurrence of this variable.

Mid-term outcomes of left subclavian artery revascularization with Castor stent graft in treatment of type B aortic dissection in left subclavian artery

Background:Here we analyzed mid-term data of thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair(TEVAR)surgery with Castor single-branched stent graft placement for the management of Stanford type B aortic dissection(STBAD)involving the left subclavian artery(LSA).Methods:Between April 2014 and February 2019,32 patients with STBAD involving a Castor single-branched stent graft were included.We analyzed their outcomes,including technical success rate(TSR),surgical duration(SD),presence of ischemia,perioperative complications,LSA patency,and survival rate(SR),using computed tomography angiography and clinical evaluation during mid-term follow-up.Results:The mean patient age was 54.63±12.37 years(range,36–83 years).The TSR was 96.88%(n=31/32).The mean SD was 87.44±10.89 with a mean contrast volume of 125.31±19.30 mL.No neurological complications or deaths occurred during the study period.The patients had a mean hospital stay of 7.84±3.20 days.At a mean follow-up of 68.78±11.26 months,four non-aortic deaths(12.5%)were observed.The LSA patency rate was 100%(n=28/28).There was only one case of type I endoleak immediately after surgery(3.12%)(type I from LSA).However,none of the patients experienced type II endoleaks,and there were no cases of retrograde type A aortic dissection or stent graft-driven new distal entry.Finally,all patients exhibited good LSA patency.Conclusion:TEVAR using a Castor single-branched stent graft may be a highly feasible and efficient procedure for the management of STBAD involving the LSA.

Axillary Vessels and Brachial Plexus Traumas in Abidjan: Lesional Aspects and Surgical Difficulties

Introduction-Objectives: Through the presentation of epidemiological, anatomo-clinical and surgical aspects, we report our experience in the management of traumatic axillary lesions. Materials and Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was based on the medical records of patients who suffered vascular axillary and/or brachial plexus trauma and who underwent surgical repair at the Abidjan Cardiology Institute from January 2008 to June 2022. Epidemiological, anatomo-clinical and surgical data were studied. Results: Thirty-four medical files belonging to 33 men and one woman, aged 32 on average, were collected. The circumstances of occurrence were dominated by the stab wound (n = 22). The combinations of injuries were as follows: associated involvement of the axillary artery and vein (n = 4);isolated involvement of axillary artery (n = 3);isolated involvement of the axillary vein (n = 2);associated involvement of the axillary artery and brachial plexus (n = 17);associated involvement of the axillary artery and vein and brachial plexus (n = 08). Anatomic lesions included acute arterial lesions (n = 29) and arteriovenous fistula (n = 1) and false aneurysms (n = 4). All patients were operated on under general anesthesia;vascular repair included direct suturing (n = 16), arterial and venous bypass using a long saphenous graft (n = 9), prosthetic arterial bypass (n = 5) and prosthetic flattening-graft (n = 4). Brachial plexus surgery consisted of an end-to-end anastomosis of each transected bundle in all cases (n = 25). The medium-term postoperative course was marked by success without functional sequelae in 88.24% of cases (n = 30) and by the persistence of distal paralysis of the thoracic limb after 6 months in 05.88% (n = 2) of all patients, i.e., 8% of patients who presented with brachial plexus injury. Conclusion: The concomitant surgical treatment of these axillary vascular and nerve lesions has given good results. However, if paralysis of the thoracic limb persists after 6 to 12 months, the patient should be referred to a specialist in brachial plexus surgery.

Carotid-subclavian bypass and endovascular aortic repair of Kommerell’s diverticulum with aberrant left subclavian artery:A case report

BACKGROUND Kommerell’s diverticulum(KD)with aberrant left subclavian artery is a rare congenital deformity and also has very little research literature about it(35%of case study).There are three types of aortic arch diverticulum.Even literature concerning the treatment options are limited.CASE SUMMARY We present a case report of a 50-year-old male with KD in the right aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery.We conducted a total endovascular repair procedure,which is innovative and will spread more light in the medical world.Our patient has no past medical history and is a non-smoker and non-alcoholic.Patient presented with shortness of breath,chest pain and dizziness for six months.Blood tests were done and computerized tomography(CT)angiogram of the chest confirmed the diagnosis,illustrating showed a 3.9 cm KD.On Day 1,the CT angiogram showed mild dilatation of the thoracic aorta,adjacent esophagus,trachea was compressed and displaced.Surgery was planned as the treatment modality.Carotid-Subclavian artery bypass and endovascular aortic repair was conducted.We used prolene 5-0 C1 sutures to precisely anastomose a 6-mm Dacron graft to the left subclavian artery.Haemostasis was secured and wounds were closed.Protamine was administered and patient was shifted to intensive care unit.Post-operative,patient responded favorably and was discharged.Regular follow-up is done.CONCLUSION The procedure we performed is novel.This will help the cardio-thoracic surgeons a better insight about the full procedures we conducted,thereby bringing more light and better treatment options in managing KD with aberrant subclavian artery.

Prediction of Hypotension During Neuraxial Anesthesia in Patients with Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension Through Subclavian Vein Collapsibility Index

Objective:To explore and evaluate the predictive value of subclavian vein collapsibility index(SCV-CI)on hypotension during neuraxial anesthesia in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH).Methods:Pregnant women with PIH who underwent elective cesarean section in our hospital from January to July 2021 were selected as the research subjects.Patients who experienced hypotension during anesthesia were included into the hypotension group,whereas patients who had a normal blood pressure during anesthesia were included in the normotensive group.The SCV-CI was then calculated for three respiratory cycles,the average value was taken as the base value,and the patient was monitored for another 20 minutes.The blood pressure,heart rate,blood oxygen saturation,and SCV-CI of the patients were measured,and the incidence of maternal nausea and vomiting and cord blood gas were recorded.Then,a correlation analysis was conducted on the relationship between subclavian vein collapsibility index and hypotension.A receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to seek the threshold value of subclavian vein collapsibility index for post-anesthesia hypotension.Results:There was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),and heart rate(HR)between the two groups before anesthesia(P>0.05).After anesthesia,the above indexes(SBP,103.25±12.48 mmHg;DBP,58.94±7.46 mmHg;and HR,52.96±6.48 beats/min)were significantly lower than those of the normal blood pressure group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In comparison,the SCV-CI in the hypotension group was 35.82±4.93%greater than that in the normal blood pressure group(23.85±5.27%),and the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the hypotension group(40.0%)was significantly higher than that in the normotensive group(10.53%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The area under the curve of SCV-CI prediction against hypotension in patients with PIH under neuraxial anesthesia was 0.825(95%CI:0.762-0.893,P<0.001),the cut-off value was 25.68%,the predictive sensitivity was 92.68%,and the specificity was 81.24%.Conclusion:SCV-CI has a good predictive value for the occurrence of hypotension in patients with PIH during neuraxial anesthesia.

腔内和血管旁路手术治疗锁骨下动脉闭塞的疗效分析

目的 探讨腔内手术和血管旁路手术治疗锁骨下动脉闭塞的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2020年1月至2022年12月我科收治的69例锁骨下动脉闭塞患者的临床资料,其中左侧病变56例,右侧病变13例;病变位于起始部65例,中段4例。结果 59例患者成功接受手术治疗,术中均无并发症及死亡发生。行旁路手术19例(颈总动脉-锁骨下动脉旁路9例,腋-腋动脉旁路10例),术后出现淋巴瘘及消化道出血各1例。腔内治疗40例(经股动脉穿刺顺行开通20例,联合肱动脉穿刺逆向开通20例),术后出现急性脑梗死及急性心肌梗死各1例,均经保守治疗后好转,左侧肱动脉血栓形成1例,急诊行肱动脉切开取栓术。其余患者术后30 d内均无并发症及死亡发生。随访3~32个月,中位随访时间14.8个月,腔内治疗和旁路手术患者间累积通畅率比较无统计学差异。结论 腔内手术和血管旁路手术均可有效治疗锁骨下动脉闭塞,需要根据患者的具体情况选择合适的手术方式。

改良无充气经单侧锁骨下入路腔镜甲状腺全切除术治疗甲状腺乳头状癌的临床分析

目的探讨改良无充气经单侧锁骨下入路腔镜甲状腺全切除术治疗甲状腺乳头状癌的可行性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2022年3月至2023年6月在浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院头颈外科接受改良无充气经单侧锁骨下入路腔镜甲状腺全切除术的82例甲状腺乳头状癌患者的临床资料。结果所有手术均在腔镜下顺利完成,无中转开放手术。平均甲状腺乳头状癌的最大直径为(6.6±5.4)mm,平均手术时间(156.5±32.7)min,清扫的中央区淋巴结数目为(12±6.4)枚,术后住院时间为(3.3±1.2)d。术后暂时性甲状旁腺功能减退2例,暂时性声音嘶哑6例,均在术后1月恢复正常,术后出血1例。无永久性喉返神经损伤、永久性甲状旁腺功能减退及切口感染发生。随访过程中无肿瘤局部残留或复发。结论在合理选择病例的前提下改良无充气经单侧锁骨下入路腔镜下行甲状腺全切除手术安全可行,中央区淋巴结清扫彻底,颈前区功能保护好,有临床应用价值。

芦竹属菌草腋芽萌发期耐盐性评价

【目的】筛选腋芽萌发期耐盐性较强的芦竹属菌草品种,为该类菌草耐盐品种培育提供参考。【方法】以国内外不同地区的12个芦竹属菌草品种为试材,对150 mmol·L^(-1) NaCl溶液处理后腋芽萌发期的各个指标(芽长、根长、芽鲜质量、根鲜质量、发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数)进行测定。利用模糊隶属函数法和聚类分析法对供试品种的耐盐性进行综合评价。【结果】与对照组相比,在150 mmol·L^(-1) NaCl胁迫下,所有供试品种的发芽势均降低,芽长、根长、芽鲜质量和根鲜质量都减小;除LZ_NO.1、LZ_NO.3和LZ_NO.7外,其他品种的发芽率均下降;活力指数受盐胁迫的影响最大。基于各指标耐盐系数隶属函数值的临近度对12个品种进行聚类分析,结果表明:LZ_NO.1、LZ_NO.3和LZ_NO.7为一类,属高耐盐型;LZ_NO.2、LZ_NO.4和LZ_NO.6为一类,属盐敏感型。【结论】腋芽萌发期耐盐性较强的芦竹属菌草品种为LZ_NO.1、LZ_NO.3和LZ_NO.7;根据活力指数可判定芦竹属菌草品种的质量优劣。

经腋窝腔镜辅助切除术治疗男性乳腺发育症效果观察

目的:探究经腋窝腔镜辅助切除术治疗男性乳腺发育症的效果。方法:选取2018年1月-2021年1月于笔者医院接受经腋窝腔镜辅助切除术的72例男性乳腺发育症患者为研究对象,观察分析患者围术期指标、疼痛情况[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]、乳房外观、心理状况[症状自评量表(Symptom check list-90,SCL-90)]以及并发症。结果:本组72例患者,手术时间42~80 min,平均(60.57±5.24)min;切口长度0.5~5 cm,平均(3.15±1.02)cm;住院时间2~4.5 d,平均(3.77±0.21)d;失血量5~28 ml,平均(15.48±3.43)ml;切口愈合时间4~9 d,平均(6.27±1.33)d。患者术后3个月的SCL-90评分显著低于术前(P<0.05),术后乳房外观优良率达87.50%(63/72),术后无皮肤坏死病例,但出现1例皮下出血、1例血肿、2例切口感染,总并发症发生率为5.56%(4/72)。结论:经腋窝腔镜辅助切除术治疗男性乳腺发育症疗效好,并发症少,能显著改善患者乳房外观和心理状态。

凡士林纱卷铆钉样缝合加压包扎对腋臭术后并发症发生率的影响研究

目的:研究凡士林纱卷铆钉样缝合加压包扎对腋臭术后并发症发生率的影响。方法:将入选的101例患者按就诊顺序编号,随机分为两组,均采用微小切口大汗腺修剪术治疗。治疗组61例,采用凡士林纱卷铆钉样缝合加压包扎,对照组40例,采用“8”字绷带包扎。结果:治疗组皮下血肿、皮肤坏死、切口愈合延迟、瘢痕的发生率(分别为0.82%、0.82%、1.64%、2.46%)低于对照组(分别为12.5%、7.5%、8.75%、10%),差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);治疗组、对照组术口感染发生率分别为1.64%、2.50%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组满意度为93.44%,高于对照组的62.50%(P<0.05)。结论:与“8”字绷带包扎相比,凡士林纱卷铆钉样缝合加压包扎可以一定程度上降低腋臭术后并发症发生率,满意度更高,值得临床推广应用。

南酸枣多糖的体外抗氧化、降血糖与降血脂作用

以南酸枣多糖体积分数40%乙醇沉淀组分CAP-40为研究对象,初步评价其体外抗氧化、降血糖与降血脂作用。分别利用高效液相凝胶渗透色谱及高效液相离子色谱测定CAP-40的分子量与单糖组成,同时测定其对DPPH·和ABTS+·的清除率,α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的抑制率,甘氨胆酸钠和牛磺胆酸钠的结合率以及胰脂肪酶的抑制率。结果表明,CAP-40的洗脱曲线为单一对称峰,分子量约156206 Da,单糖主要由葡萄糖、半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖组成,摩尔百分比分别为40.8%、40.7%、9.3%、5.1%、2.0%。CAP-40浓度为1 mg/mL时,对DPPH·和ABTS^(+)·的清除率分别为(88.85±0.49)%和(87.13±1.63)%。浓度为16 mg/mL时,CAP-40对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率为(71.28±2.34)%;在8 mg/mL处,对α-淀粉酶的抑制率为(72.29±4.85)%。此外,浓度为20 mg/mL时,CAP-40对胰脂肪酶的抑制率为(26.34±1.41)%;在5 mg/mL处,对甘氨胆酸钠和牛磺胆酸钠的结合率分别达到(31.87±4.53)%和(38.98±0.60)%。综上所述,南酸枣多糖CAP-40具有一定的体外抗氧化、降血糖与降血脂作用,为开发天然降糖、降脂功能食品提供理论依据,也为南酸枣资源的综合开发利用提供新的思路。

消痔灵灌注联合负压抽吸治疗腋臭的效果

目的观察并比较单一负压抽吸术与负压抽吸联合消痔灵灌注治疗腋臭的临床疗效及并发症发生情况,探讨联合治疗对腋臭患者异味程度和生活质量的影响。方法选取收治的81例首次治疗腋臭的患者,随机分为负压抽吸组(39例)与联合治疗组(42例)。抽吸组给予单一负压抽吸术治疗,联合治疗组给予负压抽吸联合消痔灵灌注治疗。比较2种治疗方法的临床疗效及并发症发生情况。结果术后随访3~6个月,负压抽吸组的伤口愈合时间长于联合治疗组(P<0.05);负压抽吸组的总有效率(84.62%)低于联合治疗组(100.00%),P<0.05;负压抽吸组的并发症总发生率(26.92%)高于联合治疗组(13.10%),P<0.05;负压抽吸组患者的生活质量评分显著低于联合治疗组(P<0.05)。结论消痔灵灌注联合负压抽吸对于腋臭的治疗效果优于单一负压抽吸治疗,且能显著降低并发症的发生,减轻腋臭患者的异味程度,改善其生活质量。

南酸枣染色体核型分析

为了给南酸枣育种提供细胞学依据,本文采用染色体常规压片法,结合显微摄影技术,对南酸枣的染色体进行检测分析。结果表明:南酸枣的染色体数目为2n=24,其核型公式为K(2n)=2x=24=22m+2sm,染色体相对长度组成为2L+10M2+8M1+4S,核不对称系数为55.77%,为二倍体,染色体主要由中部和近中部着丝点染色体组成,属于Stebbins核型分类中的“1B”型。

乳腺癌患者腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素及行X线摄影与CT检查的诊断效能分析

目的:探讨乳腺癌患者腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素及X线与CT检查的诊断效能比较。方法:选取2021年1月至2023年5月在我院治疗的乳腺癌患者112例,分析发生和未发生腋窝淋巴结转移患者临床资料差异;同时分析X线、CT检查诊断腋窝淋巴结转移的价值。结果:112例患者中,腋窝淋巴结转移患者32例,腋窝淋巴结转移率为28.57%;发生腋窝淋巴结转移患者组织低分化比例、组织类型为浸润性癌比例、有脉管浸润比例、肿瘤直径≥5cm比例、组织Ki-67表达≥14%比例分别为68.75%、90.63%、28.13%、31.25%和84.38%,明显高于未发生腋窝淋巴结转移患者(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示:分化程度、病灶组织类型、脉管浸润、Ki-67表达是乳腺癌患者发生腋窝淋巴结转移的影响因素(P<0.05);X线诊断腋窝淋巴结转移与病理结果一致性Kappa值为0.500,P<0.05,一致性较差;CT诊断腋窝淋巴结转移与病理结果一致性Kappa值为0.825,P<0.05,一致性较好;CT诊断腋窝淋巴结转移的准确性、灵敏性和阴性预测值分别为92.86%、87.50%和95.00%,明显高于X线检查(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者腋窝淋巴结转移受分化程度、病灶组织类型、脉管浸润、Ki-67表达的影响;相较于X线,CT诊断腋窝淋巴结转移的价值较高。

超声特征及免疫组化标志物对乳腺癌新辅助治疗后腋窝淋巴结病理完全缓解的预测价值

目的探讨超声特征及免疫组化标志物对乳腺癌新辅助治疗(NAT)后腋窝淋巴结病理完全缓解(pCR)的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2020年1月~2023年9月南通市肿瘤医院收治的伴腋窝淋巴结转移(ALNM)的140例乳腺癌患者的临床资料,所有患者均接受NAT+手术切除+腋窝淋巴清扫。根据腋窝淋巴结病理结果将患者分为pCR组(n=53)和非pCR组(n=87),比较两组NAT前乳腺癌原发灶及腋窝淋巴结超声特征及免疫组化标志物,采用Logistic回归分析确立乳腺癌NAT后腋窝淋巴结pCR的独立预测因素,并采用ROC曲线验证其预测效能。结果两组原发灶纵横比、Adler血流分级,腋窝淋巴结短径、长短径比值、皮髓质分界、形态、彩色多普勒血流成像血流信号,HER-2及Ki-67的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,腋窝淋巴结长短径比值≥2、腋窝淋巴结形态Ⅰ~Ⅱ型、腋窝淋巴结无彩色多普勒血流成像血流信号、HER-2阳性及Ki-67高表达是乳腺癌NAT后腋窝淋巴结p CR的独立预测因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,联合诊断的预测效能最高,曲线下面积为0.739(95%CI:0.643~0.812),敏感度为68.42%,特异度为75.34%。结论超声特征及免疫组化标志物对乳腺癌NAT后腋窝淋巴结pCR具有一定的预测价值。

乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结阴性相关因素及预后价值分析

目的分析乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗(NAC)后腋窝淋巴结阴性的相关因素及预后价值。方法收集2011年1月至2021年12月在嘉兴市妇幼保健院接受NAC并行乳腺癌根治性手术的179例乳腺癌患者的临床资料,根据NAC后腋窝淋巴结状态分为阴性组(74例)和阳性组(105例)。比较两组患者临床资料,采用多因素logistic回归分析患者NAC后腋窝淋巴结阴性的影响因素。绘制Kaplan-Meier生存曲线,探讨NAC后腋窝淋巴结状态与预后的关系。结果两组患者年龄、BMI、月经状态、初始肿块最大径、肿块位置、病理类型、孕激素受体状态、ki-67表达、人表皮生长因子受体2状态和化疗方案等比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);初始腋窝淋巴结阴性(P<0.001)、雌激素受体(ER)阴性(P=0.027)、NAC后乳房病理学完全缓解(pCR)(P<0.001)是NAC后腋窝淋巴结阴性的独立影响因素。阴性组较阳性组有更高的5年无复发生存率(84.2%和67.5%,P<0.01)和5年总生存率(93.7%和77.7%,P<0.01)。结论初始腋窝淋巴结阴性、ER阴性、NAC后乳房p CR的患者,其NAC后腋窝淋巴结阴性可能性高,提示可采用腋窝前哨淋巴结活检来评估腋窝状态。NAC后腋窝淋巴结状态可能成为预测乳腺癌患者预后的重要指标。

X线联合超声Logistic模型预测乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移的价值分析

目的分析与乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移相关的X线和超声征象,构建Logistic回归模型并评估其对术前预测腋窝淋巴结状态的临床价值。方法选取2015年1月至2022年1月高密市人民医院收治的312例原发性乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,根据是否发生腋窝淋巴结转移(ALNM)分为转移组(n=141)与未转移组(n=171)。所有患者均行X线及超声检查,比较未转移组与转移组乳腺浸润性导管癌的X线征象、超声征象,采用多因素Logistic回归分析ALNM的影响因素;绘制ROC曲线分析X线、超神征象及Logistic回归模型预测乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移的价值。结果两组X线原发灶长径、皮肤增厚、乳头回缩、淋巴结门和淋巴结密度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组象限位置、钙化和边缘毛刺比较差异无统计学意义;两组超声原发灶长径、淋巴结皮髓质分界和淋巴结皮质比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组原发灶高回声晕、后场回声、血流分级和纵横比比较差异无统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,X线征象的乳房皮肤增厚征象、超声淋巴结皮质增厚征象是乳腺浸润性导管癌患者发生ALNM的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,X线乳房皮肤增厚征象和超声征象的淋巴结皮质增厚预测淋巴结转移的AUC分别为0.652(95%CI:0.589~0.714)、0.725(95%CI:0.666~0.784),模型预测ALNM的AUC为0.795(95%CI:0.742~0.848),预测效能较好。结论乳腺癌患者的X线皮肤增厚征象和超声腋窝淋巴结皮质增厚征象与ALNM有关,X线联合超声的Logistic模型可较准确地预测乳腺癌患者的腋窝淋巴结状态。