Azo-dye adsorption activity of iron(Ⅲ) loaded novolac-based network sorbents

Iron(Ⅲ) loaded novolac-based network adsorbents 1 and 2 were studied for efficient removal of azo-dye pollutants from aqueous solutions. The adsorption behavior was evaluated by using methyl orange and orange-G as model azo dyes. The effect of parameters such as contact time and initial dye concentration on the adsorption of azo dyes was studied. The results showed that loading of Fe(Ⅲ) onto the sorbent networks has noticeable effect on azo-dye sorption capacity. The adsorption equilibrium data were fitted to Freundlich isotherm model. Besides, the reusability of the dye loaded sorbents was investigated on adjusting pH of solutions.

Preparation and Characterization of Polyimide Attached with Azo-dye Chromophore Side Chain

In order to improve the nonlinear optical property and stability of azo-dye chromophore, the nonlinear optical polyimide (NLOPI) attached with azo chromophore side chain is synthesized by diazo coupling reaction of 4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafloroborate. The designed chemical structure of production can be proved in the infrared spectrum and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum. The NLOPI exhibited UV-Vis absorption of the azobenzene chromophore in the vicinity of the wavelengths of 330 and 490 nm. The broad amorphous peak proved that the NLOPI was amorphous with a little periodical structure along the side chain. According to transmission electron microscope, the NLOPI film was homogeneous. NLOPI only displayed a decrease in mass of about 5% at the temperature of 400 ℃ through thermogravimetric analysis.

Rapid decolorization of water soluble azo-dyes by nanosized zero-valent iron immobilized on the exchange resin

Nanosized zero-valent iron (NZVI) supported on the cation exchange resin was synthesized and applied to decompose some water soluble azo dyes. The decomposition efficiency for azo dyes was evaluated by using the aqueous suspensions and parked column of this material. Batch experiments indicated that this novel material exhibited excellent degradation ability for 0.05 g·L1 of Acid Orange 7, Acid Orange 8, Acid Orange 10, Sunset Yellow, and Methyl Orange, with decolorization ratio up to 95% in 4 min; pH value was the key factor for degradation and H+ was one of the reactants; adsorption of azo dyes onto the material existed at the beginning but reduced gradually until disappearing completely. For the packed column system, 58%~90% of azo dyes were decomposed in the 1st circle of solution passing through the column, and the adsorption onto the materials could accelerate the degradation azo dyes with the increasing reaction time. During the degradation process, Fe2+, the product of NZVI, was exchanged to the resin again and could be reduced to Fe0 by KBH4 for reusing. The 10th refreshed NZVI possessed reductive activity up to 90% of the newly systhesized NZVI. Decomposing pollutants in the aqueous solution with columns packed with NZVI immobilized on the cation exchange resin is a promising technology that can solve the reclaiming and refreshing problem of NZVI.

Photo-induced Birefringence of Azo-dye Based on Three-dimensional Opal Photonic Crystals

A series of three-dimensional opal photonic crystals based on the polymer was synthesized and applied inthe field of photo-induced birefringence. The data show that the photo-induced birefringence（PIB） of pure Sudan IIIfilm could be enhanced by increasing the thickness of azo films. When Sudan III was distributed on thethree-dimensional opal photonic crystals, the photo-induced birefringence process could be modulated. In addition,the data also exhibit that the PIB processes with different pumping polarization directions are sensitive to the role ofphotonic crystals. The results could be beneficial to further understanding the photo-induced birefringence and uti-lizing the photonic crystals.

Effect of dichroic azo-dye doped on ferroelectric liquid crystals

In order to study the effect of mixing dye in ferroelectric liquid crystal （FLC） materials, the phase transition temperature and electro-optical properties of azo dye doped FLC samples have been investigated. All the properties have been found to be changed drastically. The results have revealed that not only the SmC^＊- SmA^＊ transition temperature decreased markedly by the addition of azo-dye, but also dye-doped FLC had lower threshold voltage and saturation voltage than the pure FLC.

改性TiO_(2)在光电协同下处理偶氮染料废水的研究进展

偶氮染料(AZO)是一类难被生物降解的水溶性高分子有机物,近些年来,由于良好的染色性能被广泛应用于印染等相关行业,但AZO废水一旦排入自然水体将会造成重大的环境污染问题。本文主要介绍了不同类型的改性TiO_(2)对AOZ废水的处理效果并分析了作用原理,对比分析了单一TiO_(2)与改性TiO_(2)的优缺点,积极探索改性TiO_(2)催化剂的催化机理,解析金属和非金属掺杂在其中的具体作用,为今后更加精准地控制掺杂金属或者非金属比例、提高催化剂效率提供科学依据和技术支持。

基于光配向的主链型液晶聚合物预倾角的控制

液晶的方位角和预倾角的调制广泛应用于各类液晶光子器件的研究。液晶预倾角调控常使用的小分子液晶容易受外场干扰导致液晶预倾角的改变,影响液晶器件稳定性和可靠性。液晶聚合物具有相变温度高、耐热、耐强光、耐机械振动、更加稳定不易受外场干扰等优点,因此液晶聚合物预倾角的可控制备有着重要研究意义。由于液晶单体受液晶与空气界面的锚定能的影响,RM257液晶聚合物的预倾角与液晶层的厚度有关,难以实现预倾角的稳定可控。本研究利用两步法曝光偶氮染料亮黄(BY)薄膜诱导液晶单体RM257倾斜,采用多层旋凃及液晶单体RM257光聚合的方式降低液晶与空气界面锚定能对预倾角的影响,实现RM257主链型液晶聚合物预倾角可控制备。结果表明,采用这一方法制备的液晶聚合物薄膜预倾角可在0°~16°之间连续可调,并具有光热稳定的优点,具备实现液晶光子器件所需的图案化能力。本研究有望为液晶光子与显示器件的制备提供新的材料设计思路。

掺杂型三维多孔纳米镍催化偶氮染料脱色性能

偶氮染料是纺织印染工业废水中的主要污染物,其大量排放会严重危害生物健康。为了开发一类有效的纳米催化剂对废水中的偶氮染料进行脱色,本文采用简单的水热合成法将Fe、Co元素掺杂到镍纳米材料中形成了具有三维网状多孔结构的三元金属纳米材料(Fe-Co-Ni NPs)。所制备的三元合金纳米材料为三维网状结构,少量的Fe、Co元素掺杂获得了更高的饱和磁化率,而未改变镍的多晶结构。在硼氢化钠存在条件下,由于多种金属元素之间的相互作用,Fe-Co-Ni NPs对刚果红的还原降解具有非常高的催化活性,2 min即可完全脱色,表观速率常数为1.24 min^(−1),明显优于二元Fe-Ni(1.00 min^(−1))、Co-Ni(0.96 min^(−1))及单金属Ni(0.83 min^(−1))纳米晶。Fe-Co-Ni NPs对其它偶氮染料甲基橙、直接红80及硝基苯酚类物质的还原降解也表现出较佳的催化性能。总之,该三元金属催化剂易于合成、成本低,对偶氮染料脱色效果好、稳定性高且可重复使用,非常适合工业偶氮废水的前期脱色处理。

气相色谱-质谱法测定涂料漆膜中禁用偶氮染料

建立一种测定涂料漆膜中禁用偶氮染料含量的气相色谱-质谱分析方法。在柠檬酸盐缓冲溶液中,用低亚硫酸钠将涂料漆膜样品中的偶氮染料还原裂解为芳香胺,然后加入氯化钠,调节溶液的离子强度,加入氢氧化钠调节溶液的酸碱性,以乙酸乙酯作为溶剂提取其中的芳香胺,提取液经0.45μm有机滤膜过滤,采用气相色谱-质谱法测定,以内标法进行定量。23种芳香胺在质量浓度为1~30mg/L范围内线性相关系数均不小于0.996,检出限均小于5 mg/kg。高、中、低3个水平的加标回收率为71.2%~101.3%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.2%~9.7%(n=6)。该方法满足涂料漆膜中禁用偶氮染料含量的检测要求。

家具产品中皮革禁限用偶氮染料的测定探讨

为了验证GB/T 40904—2021《家具产品及其材料中禁限用物质测定方法偶氮染料》中检测分析24种禁限用芳香胺方法的适用性,本文采用叔丁基甲醚为提取溶剂,绘制标准曲线,确定方法的定量限和检出限,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对24种禁限用芳香胺进行分析,最后用样品进行重复性和精密度测试验证。分析结果得出:24种禁限用芳香胺在3~36 mg/L线性关系良好,线性相关系数R2>0.995;检出限为5 mg/kg,定量限为15 mg/kg;2,4-二氨基苯甲醚回收率为51.4%,邻甲苯胺、2,4-二氨基甲苯、2,4-二甲基苯胺、2,6-二甲基苯胺回收率范围为65.8%~70.8%,其余的芳香胺回收率范围在71.6%~90.5%,重复性测试的RSD为0.4%~5.6%。结果表明该标准方法精密度和准确度符合要求,方法操作简单,结果复现性好。

中空纤维液相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用法测定纺织品中的芳香胺

本文结合中空纤维液相微萃取(HF-LPME)与气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术,建立了纺织品中邻氨基苯甲醚、2-甲氧基-5-甲基苯胺、2-萘胺、4-氨基联苯、3,3’-二氯联苯胺5种芳香胺类物质的分析方法。优化后的液相微萃取条件:样品溶液pH调节为12,以甲苯为萃取溶剂,在室温及300 rpm搅拌速度下,萃取30min。富集倍数最高能达185倍。方法的检测线性范围0.05~10μg·mL^(-1),检出限均低于10 ng·mL^(-1),精密度(RSD,n=6)为3.8~7.9%,回收率为84.0~119.8%。

Bioremediation of Textile Azo Dyes Amido Black 10B, Reactive Black 5, Reactive Blue 160 by Lentinus squarrosulus AF5 and Assessment of Toxicity of the Degraded Metabolites

Bioremediation is an eco-compatible and economical approach to counter textile dye menace. The isolated Lentinus squarrosulus AF5 was assessed for decolourization of textile azo dyes, and had shown ~93%, 88% and 70% decolorization of Reactive blue 160 (RB160), Reactive black 5 (RB5) and Amido black 10B (AB10B) respectively. Further analysis using UV-vis, HPLC, and FTIR, 1H NMR had shown the degradation of the dyes. Toxicity analysis of the metabolites was performed using seed germination and plant growth on two agriculturally important plants Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) as well as cytotoxicity analysis using the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). The dye mix appeared inhibitory for seed germination (20% - 40%), whereas metabolites were non-inhibitory for germination. Treatment of HaCaT cells with of dye mix and metabolites led into 45% and ~100% of cell viability of HaCaT cells respectively. Therefore, metabolites following degradation of the dye mix were observed to be non-toxic.

基于α-苯基重氮酯的卡宾型染料的合成及其对氨纶的染色性能

为提升分散染料染色氨纶的色牢度,在偶氮染料结构中引入α-苯基重氮酯结构,合成3支新型卡宾型染料,用该类染料对氨纶进行染色,并测试了上染率、色深、固色率和色牢度等性能参数。结果表明:3支卡宾型染料通过高温处理即可牢固结合在纤维上,在无外界环境干扰情况下,染色氨纶最高固色率可达80.7%~96.3%;优化的水相染色法工艺条件为在95℃染色45 min,再在130℃固色30 min,在该条件下,所得染色氨纶的固色率能达到50.6%~80.7%,耐皂洗、耐摩擦和耐升华色牢度可达4级及以上,颜色迁移率为6.2%~8.9%。采用卡宾型染料对氨纶进行的反应性染色研究结果为完善氨纶的高色牢度染色技术提供了有益参考。

GC-MS法测定合成革中禁用偶氮染料的不确定度评定

GB/T 19942-2019规定了皮革和毛皮中禁用偶氮染料的测定方法,本试验以GC-MS法测定合成革中联苯胺的含量为例,建立数学模型,分析不确定度来源并对各个分量进行评定、合成,最后给出了合成不确定度和有效自由度。

金属氧化物光催化剂降解偶氮染料废水的研究进展

综述了各种金属氧化物,如钛氧化物、锌氧化物、铁氧化物、铜氧化物、铈氧化物及其他金属氧化物复合材料降解偶氮染料的研究进展。它们具有不同的结构、结晶和形态特征,所以具有不同的去除有机物的能力。深入讨论了金属氧化物及其复合材料的光催化机理以及与光催化相关的性能。高效的降解效率、经济可行的光催化材料制备方法以及可控带隙工程是对未来光催化剂的新挑战。

ZnO/α-Fe_(2)O_(3)复合材料对偶氮染料的降解

采用水热法制备了ZnO/α-Fe_(2)O_(3)复合光催化剂,并用XRD、SEM、UV-Vis和FTIR等多种手段进行了表征,考察了该催化剂对溶液中橙Ⅱ和甲基橙的光催化降解性能。表征结果显示,负载ZnO后,ZnO/α-Fe_(2)O_(3)催化剂的吸光范围变宽,禁带宽度变窄,催化活性增强。实验结果表明:在ZnO/α-Fe_(2)O_(3)中ZnO的质量分数为30%、ZnO/α-Fe_(2)O_(3)催化剂加入量为1.0 g/L、甲基橙或橙Ⅱ质量浓度为5 mg/L、暗反应时间为30 min、光反应时间为120 min的条件下,该催化剂对甲基橙和橙Ⅱ的催化降解效果最好,甲基橙和橙Ⅱ的去除率分别为62.2%和64.7%;该催化剂连续使用5次后,对甲基橙的去除率从62.2%缓慢下降到54.9%,表现出较好的稳定性和重复使用性能。

灵芝固态发酵中药渣产漆酶及其对偶氮染料的脱色

为提高灵芝(Ganoderma resinaceum)固态发酵产漆酶能力,实现中药渣资源再利用,以中药渣和麦麸为发酵的主要基质,在单因素试验的基础上,以漆酶酶活为考察指标,采用Plackett-Burman(PB)试验和正交试验设计优化固态发酵产漆酶条件,且探究所产漆酶对偶氮染料的脱色能力。结果表明:以质量分数12%的接种量将灵芝种子液接种到中药渣(粒径0.4 mm)与麦麸比例为6∶4、初始含水量质量分数60%、蔗糖质量分数2%、酵母粉质量分数0.6%、Mg^(2+)浓度3 mmol/L、初始pH5.5的固态发酵培养基中,发酵14 d后,漆酶酶活达到(56.13±1.20)U/g。以2,2’-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(2,2’-Azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic Acid)Ammonium Salt,ABTS)为介体,漆酶粗酶液与亚甲基蓝、酸性橙7、氨基黑10B进行脱色处理10 h后,其脱色率分别可达46.7%、84.6%和61.1%。

好氧颗粒污泥处理纺织印染废水研究进展

纺织印染废水成分复杂,含有大量染料、重金属等有毒难降解污染物,是最难处理的工业废水之一。传统的生物处理法因耐毒性差、处理负荷低、受外部环境影响等存在一定的局限性,难以高效处理该类废水。好氧颗粒污泥胞外聚合物含量高,且含有大量氨基、羧基等官能团,此外,其具有不同的氧化还原微环境,能够有效吸附、降解污染物。但好氧颗粒污泥对印染废水中重金属的去除仍存在局限性,对染料的脱色和矿化效率仍有较大提升空间。针对纺织印染废水的污染物特性,总结并论述好氧颗粒污泥技术的优点及其对废水中重金属、偶氮染料的去除机理;综述好氧颗粒污泥处理模拟与实际纺织印染废水的研究进展,并对其运行方式进行总结分析。基于重金属离子去除存在局限性、染料降解不够彻底、实际废水具有复杂性等各种问题,展望其发展方向,以期为今后好氧颗粒污泥高效处理纺织印染废水的研究提供参考。

栓菌4281漆酶催化几种不同结构染料脱色

栓菌4281菌株是实验室自主筛选鉴定的新型漆酶高效生产菌株,为探究其漆酶对染料脱色的作用效果,利用栓菌4281漆酶粗酶液对偶氮、蒽醌和苯甲烷类3种类型的染料进行脱色反应,分别考察不同介体类型、温度、pH值、介体浓度、给酶量、反应时间以及金属离子对染料脱色的影响。结果表明:添加介体对染料脱色效率有显著的促进作用,6种染料在8 h内基本反应完全,在各染料最适反应条件下活性蓝、茜素红、甲基橙和结晶紫的最大脱色率分别达到93.9%、92.3%、90%和90%,刚果红和碱性品红脱色率达到76.6%和75%;Mn^(2+)和高浓度的Fe^(2+)对栓菌4281漆酶催化染料脱色作用有一定的抑制,而在Na+、Mg^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Ni^(2+)和Zn^(2+)金属离子存在下该漆酶仍能对染料保持较高的脱色率。研究表明:栓菌4281漆酶在染料脱色中具有较大的应用潜力;在环境废水的治理中具有良好的应用前景。