Backflow Transformation for A=3 Nuclei with Artificial Neural Networks

A novel variational wave function defined as a Jastrow factor multiplying a backflow transformed Slater determinant was developed for A=3 nuclei.The Jastrow factor and backflow transformation were represented by artificial neural networks.With this newly developed wave function,variational Monte Carlo calculations were carried out for3H and3He nuclei starting from a nuclear Hamiltonian based on the leadingorder pionless effective field theory.The obtained ground-state energy and charge radii were successfully benchmarked against the results of the highly-accurate hypersphericalharmonics method.The backflow transformation plays a crucial role in improving the nodal surface of the Slater determinant and,thus,providing accurate ground-state energy.

Three-dimensional distinct element modeling of fault reactivation and induced seismicity due to hydraulic fracturing injection and backflow

This paper presents a three-dimensional fully hydro-mechanical coupled distinct element study on fault reactivation and induced seismicity due to hydraulic fracturing injection and subsequent backflow process,based on the geological data in Horn River Basin,Northeast British Columbia,Canada.The modeling results indicate that the maximum magnitude of seismic events appears at the fracturing stage.The increment of fluid volume in the fault determines the cumulative moment and maximum fault slippage,both of which are essentially proportional to the fluid volume.After backflow starts,the fluid near the joint intersection keeps flowing into the critically stressed fault,rather than backflows to the wellbore.Although fault slippage is affected by the changes of both pore pressure and ambient rock stress,their contributions are different at fracturing and backflow stages.At fracturing stage,pore pressure change shows a dominant effect on induced fault slippage.While at backflow stage,because the fault plane is under a critical stress state,any minor disturbance would trigger a fault slippage.The energy analysis indicates that aseismic deformation takes up a majority of the total deformation energy during hydraulic fracturing.A common regularity is found in both fracturing-and backflow-induced seismicity that the cumulative moment and maximum fault slippage are nearly proportional to the injected fluid volume.This study shows some novel insights into interpreting fracturing-and backflowinduced seismicity,and provides useful information for controlling and mitigating seismic hazards due to hydraulic fracturing.

Backflow of Migrant Workers in Urbanization: Place Selection and Influencing Factors

Backflow of migrant workers is an essential part of rural surplus labor transfer. 425 valid samples from Haicheng,Taian and Xiuyan cities of Liaoning Province were analyzed and place selection and influencing factors were discussed. The study indicated that in backflow migrant workers,43. 16% returned to counties and towns,while 56. 84% returned to rural areas. Place selection was significantly influenced by years of migrant work,training,times of migration,migration distance,age,land area in hometown,and living preference.

A Comparative Study of Process Parameter Optimization and Process of Flavonoid in Planted Trollius Chinensis through Backflow Method, Ultrasonic Wave Method and MicrowaveMethod

It takes flavonoid extraction rate as indicator and adopts the method of orthogonal experiment to study process of total flavonoid in Trollius chinensis through ultrasonic wave assisted extraction, microwave assisted extraction and backflow extraction, as well as optimization of process parameter. The result indicates that in terms of extraction efficiency, microwave extraction method is better than ultrasonic radiation extraction method, which is better than backflow extraction method. Optimal process parameter through backflow extraction is： backflow temperature 60℃, fluid material ratio 1：20, ethanol density 65%, backflow time 60min; optimal process parameter through ultrasonic wave assisted extraction is： ultrasonic radiation temperature 70℃, fluid material ratio 1：20, ethanol density 65%, ultrasonic wave radiation time 45rain; optimal process parameter of microwave assisted extraction is： microwave radiation temperature 60℃, fluid material ratio 1：20, ethanol density 75%, microwave radiation time 45min.

基于回流功率优化的直流微网DC-DC变流器超螺旋滑模控制

针对直流微网系统中双有源桥直流变换器在系统发生扰动时动态特性差及在单移相调制下变换器效率不高等问题,该文在扩展移相调制下提出一种结合回流功率优化的超螺旋滑模控制策略。首先,分析双有源全桥(dual-active-bridge,DAB)变换器在扩展移相调制下两种模式的传输功率、回流功率数学模型及软开关特性,并以传输功率数学模型为基础建立DAB变换器的降阶模型。其次,以回流功率作为目标函数,以传输功率和软开关特性作为约束条件,通过Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)条件法寻找最优移相比组合;利用DAB变换器降阶模型设计超螺旋滑模控制中的等效部分,采用超螺旋算法作为切换部分,这两部分与内移相比D1共同作用生成外移相比D2,用于调节变换器的输出电压。最后进行了仿真及实验验证,实验结果表明:在负载投切、输入电压突变、参考电压改变时变换器具有良好的动态性能,同时能有效地减小回流功率。

基于结构稳定剂的支撑剂高效铺置技术

针对纤维在常规滑溜水中逸出量较高,难以与支撑剂形成纤维-支撑剂簇、作用效果有限等问题,开发出一种结构稳定剂,基于微观结构观察和性能评价室内实验,分析结构稳定剂作用下支撑剂的铺置机理及结构稳定剂对支撑剂铺置规模、裂缝导流能力等的影响。研究表明:结构稳定剂与聚合物、纤维、石英砂之间可形成稳定的纤维-支撑剂团簇,与单纯支撑剂相比,密度降低,体积增大,沉降过程中与液体的接触面积增大,浮力与曳力增加,沉降速度变缓,更易被流体携带进裂缝深处。将纤维及结构稳定剂随支撑剂一起泵入储层可降低纤维逸出率、增加支撑剂在滑溜水中占据的体积,大幅提高支撑剂铺置高度、输送距离及裂缝导流能力,降低支撑剂返排率。实验结果表明,结构稳定剂最佳质量分数为0.3%。致密气、页岩油、页岩气80井次的应用效果证实,结构稳定剂具有较好的适应性,基本能满足该类油气井的提产、降本和防砂需求。

重庆回流人口识别方法及其规划响应

人口回流已成为全国人口流动的一种普遍现象,对于中西部人口净流出地区而言,认识回流人口的空间规律、结构是新时期编制国土空间规划、配置空间资源的重要基础。在总结当前回流人口定义的基础上,提出基于手机大数据的回流人口识别方法,并将其应用于回流规模、回流来源、回流去向、回流结构等4个方面的研究分析中。在此基础上,以重庆为例验证回流人口的识别方法,并阐释回流人口的基本特征,由此提出中西部地区人口回流地区的空间规划应对策略,以便加快手机大数据在回流人口研究领域的应用进程。

Wear dependent virtual flow rate sensor for progressing cavity pumps with deformable stator

This contribution presents a novel wear dependent virtual flow rate sensor for single stage single lobe progressing cavity pumps. We study the wear-induced material loss of the pump components and the impact of this material loss on the volumetric efficiency. The results are combined with an established backflow model to implement a backflow calculation procedure that is adaptive to wear. We use a laboratory test setup with a highly abrasive fluid and operate a pump from new to worn condition to validate our approach. The obtained measurement data show that the presented virtual sensor is capable of calculating the flow rate of a pump being subject to wear during its regular operation.

Efficient placement technology of proppants based on structural stabilizers

Fiber is highly escapable in conventional slickwater,making it difficult to form fiber-proppant agglomerate with proppant and exhibit limited effectiveness.To solve these problems,a novel structure stabilizer(SS)is developed.Through microscopic structural observations and performance evaluations in indoor experiments,the mechanism of proppant placement under the action of the SS and the effects of the SS on proppant placement dimensions and fracture conductivity were elucidated.The SS facilitates the formation of robust fiber-proppant agglomerates by polymer,fiber,and quartz sand.Compared to bare proppants,these agglomerates exhibit reduced density,increased volume,and enlarged contact area with the fluid during settlement,leading to heightened buoyancy and drag forces,ultimately resulting in slower settling velocities and enhanced transportability into deeper regions of the fracture.Co-injecting the fiber and the SS alongside the proppant into the reservoir effectively reduces the fiber escape rate,increases the proppant volume in the slickwater,and boosts the proppant placement height,conveyance distance and fracture conductivity,while also decreasing the proppant backflow.Experimental results indicate an optimal SS mass fraction of 0.3%.The application of this SS in over 80 wells targeting tight gas,shale oil,and shale gas reservoirs has substantiated its strong adaptability and general suitability for meeting the production enhancement,cost reduction,and sand control requirements of such wells.

基于双重移相的双向变换器优化控制策略

为解决双向DC-DC变换器(dual active bridge,DAB)采用单移相(single-phase-shift,SPS)控制产生的回流功率较高及动态性能较差的问题,提出一种采用双重移相(dual-phase-shift,DPS)控制下的最小回流功率算法与直接功率控制相结合的方法。首先对DPS控制下的基本原理及回流功率特性进行分析,并建立回流功率与移相比之间的数学关系,从而推导出各分段条件下回流功率在各阶段最小化的方案。其次在保证对变换器回流功率最小化的同时提出结合直接功率法来显著提高变换器的动态性能。最后通过MATLAB/Simulink中建立的仿真验证了上述控制策略的有效性。

基于双重移相控制的双向全桥DC-DC变换器最小回流功率分段优化控制

双向全桥DC-DC变换器以其重量轻、高功率密度、能量双向流动等优点成为直流微电网中不可或缺的一部分。但双向全桥DC-DC变换器在传统的单重移相控制下存在回流功率和电流应力等问题,尤其当输入电压和输出电压不匹配时,回流功率和电流应力会显著增加。针对输入电压和输出电压不匹配的情况,该文提出了一种双向全桥DC-DC变换器在双重移相下的最小回流功率控制策略。该控制策略通过对回流功率进行分段优化,得到了变换器在不同传输功率范围下的最优移相角。通过将所提控制策略和传统的双重移相控制进行对比分析,发现该文所提控制策略具有更小的回流功率和电流应力,提升了变换器的效率。最后基于所提控制策略搭建了实验样机,实验结果验证了控制策略的正确性和有效性。

蒲石河电站水泵水轮机转轮S特性优化研究

针对蒲石河抽水蓄能电站机组启动和甩负荷时水泵水轮机转轮S特性诱发的厂房振动问题,本文基于CFD数值仿真计算和模型试验对机组原9叶片转轮的S特性进行了分析研究,发现在S区工况运行时原转轮进口存在回流区,产成较大的水力损失,从而造成转轮的通流能力下降。基于此发现,本研究提出将9叶片转轮改为7叶片转轮的优化方案。通过对比CFD仿真结果及试验验证,新方案的转轮进口回流现象得到调整,从而有效改善了转轮“S”特性,解决了厂房振动的源头问题。实际工程的应用证明新方案起到了很好的效果,本方案思路可为同类型电站类似问题解决及老旧抽水蓄能电站改造提供参考借鉴。

页岩气压裂返排液甲烷溶解度分布特征及影响因素

页岩气作为重要的天然气资源,其成功的商业开采主要依赖于水力压裂等技术。页岩气水力压裂过程中会产生大量的返排液,压裂返排液甲烷溶解度大小和影响因素的研究对于降本增效、减少温室气体效应和页岩气绿色开发具有重要意义。根据压裂返排液特点,在传统甲烷溶解度测定方法进行了改进,改进的容积法可以在不破坏溶解平衡的状态下连续测定不同压力、温度下的甲烷溶解度,实验结果的稳定性相对较高。基于改进容积法对四川盆地长宁地区页岩气压裂返排液甲烷溶解度进行了测定,甲烷溶解度主要在1.32~1.60 m^(3)/m^(3),估算通过压裂返排液每井可回收13200~32000 m^(3)的甲烷。温度、压力和矿化度等因素对页岩气压裂返排液甲烷溶解度影响较大,研究表明,低温条件下,甲烷溶解度随温度的升高逐渐减小,高温时甲烷溶解度随温度增加而增大。返排液甲烷溶解度具有随压力的增加而增大的变化特征,并表现出低压阶段溶解度快速增加、高压阶段缓慢增加的“两段式”规律。甲烷溶解度随返排液矿化度的增大,甲烷溶解度小幅度的减小。

留学归国人才对区域发展影响研究进展

采用CiteSpace计量分析和文献综述等方法,梳理与分析留学归国人才对区域发展影响的国内外研究进展,结果表明:1)相关研究已涉及区域创新、经济发展和社会分异等多个领域,受到经济学、管理学、社会学以及地理学等多学科、多视角的共同关注。2)研究内容不断丰富和深化,研究对象从泛化的留学归国人才不断聚焦海归创业者、海归高管、海归教师等类型的留学归国人才,其影响领域由技术进步、科技创新逐渐转向经济增长、企业效益等,并进一步转向社会结构、社会认知等,各领域的研究逐步系统化。3)留学归国人才对区域发展的影响主要源于海外经历所带来的人力资本优势和国际社会资本,在回流区域相对欠发达的背景下,对区域创新升级、经济发展和社会分异等产生广泛的影响,并且该影响呈现由区域、组织到个体的多尺度特征。

不同几何形状环形槽对高速诱导轮空化性能的影响

为进一步探究提升航空航天用高速离心泵空化性能的方法,研究环形槽几何形状对高速诱导轮空化性能的影响,设计了矩形、单曲率、双曲率3种不同几何形状的环形槽.使用原模型泵的外特性和空化性能试验验证了数值模拟方法的有效性,对不同方案进行数值模拟,分析不同几何形状环形槽对高速诱导轮离心泵空化性能、流道内能量分布以及诱导轮入口流态的影响.结果发现:在高速诱导轮上游设置环形槽可以降低泵的必需汽蚀余量,其中单曲率槽可以使离心泵的必需汽蚀余量降低得更多,为27.0%,双曲率槽和矩形槽分别使必需汽蚀余量降低14.7%和5.4%;环形槽可以减小叶顶间隙回流对上游主流的影响,诱导轮叶片上湍动能分布更加均匀,诱导轮流道内的压力明显提升;回流在单曲率槽中的过渡更为平滑而对周向旋涡的抑制作用较弱,矩形槽和双曲率槽吸收壁面旋涡的能力更强,可以削弱上游不对称涡向诱导轮流道的发展和影响.

新型返排管汇关键结构液固两相流冲蚀特性分析

为研究新型返排管汇关键结构液固两相流冲蚀规律,利用计算流体力学欧拉-拉格朗日方法,对返排管汇进行液固两相流数值模拟。结果表明,当节流阀开度低于30%时,冲蚀区域主要在楔形阀阀芯的导流面上部,且导流面轴心处冲蚀最大;节流阀开度高于30%时,冲蚀区域主要在固定阀入口管道处;楔形阀开度低于40%时,流体速度、质量流量和颗粒大小对冲蚀率影响较大,开度大于40%时,冲蚀率变化较小;颗粒撞击是楔形阀阀芯冲蚀主要原因,壁面速度分布不均导致楔形阀单侧刺漏;返排管汇系统安装防刺短节,并采用合适的阀门开度,能有效减小返排管汇的冲蚀。

双重移相控制下双有源桥变换器最小回流功率全局优化控制

双有源桥(dual-active-bridge,DAB)DC-DC变换器通常用于能量转换。然而,传统的单移相控制使得变换器在输入电压和输出电压不匹配时产生较大的回流功率,特别是轻载情况下该现象更为严重。现有基于双重移相控制(dualphase-shift,DPS)的回流功率优化策略,尚未考虑全功率范围内的回流功率,也缺乏对所有工作模式下最小回流功率的研究。为此,该文提出一种考虑全功率范围、全工作模式的DPS最优控制策略。首先,详细阐述回流功率产生的机理,建立了不同工作模式的传输功率和回流功率数学模型。然后,计及不同工作模式的功率限值,将DPS控制的传输功率分成不同的功率区。在此基础上,提出了一种基于最小回流功率的DPS最优控制策略,通过分析不同工作模式下的优化路径获得各个功率区的最优移相角,进而提升DAB变换器的传输效率。最后,搭建实验平台验证所提最小回流功率控制策略的可行性。

阵列低环温空气源热泵外流场模拟研究

建立了无墙面阻碍和有墙面阻碍情况下低环境温度空气源热泵六列四行的阵列物理模型,对以261.15 K为名义工况下的空气源热泵外环境流场进行三维数值模拟。对比研究不同水平风速下蒸发器换热面入口空气温度和换热量,分析冷风回流现象对低环温空气源热泵传热性能的影响,指出最恶劣工况机组的位置。环境风存在阻碍风机出口冷空气的扩散,使风机出口偏转角增大,导致冷空气在风机上部堆积,阵列内部以及背风侧的机组冷风回流现象更加明显。结果表明:当机组横向间距为0.6 m时,水平风速分别从0 m/s增至5 m/s,阵列机组最低入口空气温度比环境温度低2.44~3.69 K,平均换热量下降1%~6.2%,平均入口空气温度比环境温度低0.78~1.57 K;当机组距墙间距为0.6 m时,水平风速分别从0 m/s增至5 m/s,阵列机组最低入口空气温度比环境温度低3.51~4.14 K,平均换热量下降5.9%~11.5%,平均入口空气温度比环境温度低1.29~1.98 K。在此基础上对不同横向间距、不同距墙间距下阵列空气源热泵进行模拟,结果表明:增大横向间距或距墙间距均能改善阵列低环温空气源热泵机组的换热。当横向间距增至1.2 m,阵列机组平均换热量可达原来机组换热量的96.5%以上;距墙间距增至1.2 m,阵列机组平均换热量可达原来机组换热量的91.3%以上。横向间距或距墙间距为1.2 m为较好安装间距。

钢管混凝土立柱桩一次浇筑成形技术研究

为解决基坑支护中内支撑立柱垂直度控制及钢管内外混凝土浇筑标高控制的问题,结合工程实际,设计了可周转的工具式套架平台以及防止钢管立柱下口混凝土回流的防回流环,并在工程中进行了实践。总结形成了钢管立柱桩一次浇筑成形施工技术,解决了在深空孔立柱桩的钢管立柱垂直度控制难题及浇筑过程中钢管立柱下口混凝土回流的难题,提高了施工成形质量,增加了桩撑结构的安全系数,可为类似工程提供借鉴。

港珠澳大桥沉管隧道基槽试挖槽及航道疏浚影响分析

外海沉管隧道基槽边坡坡率取值对工程经济性和施工风险有较大的影响,基槽附近的航道疏浚可能导致基槽回淤异常,影响基槽边坡稳定性从而影响施工进展。通过开展隧址区原位试挖槽试验和临近航道疏浚数值模拟分析基槽边坡稳定和回淤情况,为港珠澳大桥沉管隧道基槽方案设计与施工提供技术支持,研究结果表明:1)经历汛期影响周期的观测显示,1∶5、1∶6、1∶8、1∶10坡比的基槽边坡均未出现结构性的变化,整体稳定。2)试挖槽槽底区域呈持续回淤状态,边坡外区域呈现出回淤与冲刷交替出现的现象,但整体变化幅度不大。3)航道疏浚距离基槽位置越近对基槽回淤影响越大,基槽淤厚最大的位置出现在基槽与航道交汇处。