The recently observed gravitational wave background is explained in terms of the quantum modification of the general relativity (Qmoger). Some UFO, FRB and supernova flares also can be explained in terms of Qmoger.
A stochastic background of gravitational waves with astrophysical origins may have＇resulted from the superposition of a large number of unresolved sources since the beginning of stellar activity. Its detection would ...A stochastic background of gravitational waves with astrophysical origins may have＇resulted from the superposition of a large number of unresolved sources since the beginning of stellar activity. Its detection would put very strong constraints on the physical properties of compact objects, the initial mass function and star for- marion history. On the other hand, it could be a ＇noise＇ that would mask the stochastic background of its cosmological origin. We review the main astrophysical processes which are able to produce a stochastic background and discuss how they may differ from the primordial contribution in terms of statistical properties. Current detection methods are also presented.展开更多
Based on modifications of the observed background parabolic current in upper layer of the northeastern South China Sea （SCS）, the effects of eight kinds of background currents on the characteristics and energy conve...Based on modifications of the observed background parabolic current in upper layer of the northeastern South China Sea （SCS）, the effects of eight kinds of background currents on the characteristics and energy conversion of internal solitary waves （ISWs） are investigated by an Internal Gravity Wave （IGW） model. It is found that, although the background current has little effect on the number of the generated ISWs, it reduces the resulted phase speed of ISW. When the background parabolic current appears with its lower boundary near or above the main thermocline, the ISW amplitude and the depth of the isopycnal undergoing maximum displacement increase; when the background parabolic current curvature is reduced, the ISW amplitude and the ratio of baroclinic to barotropic energy reduce, whilst the phase speed of ISW, the baroclinic energy, and the ratio of baroclinic kinetic energy （KE） to available potential energy （APE） increase; when the lower boundary of background parabolic current extends down to the seabed and the background current curvature is reduced, the ISW amplitude and phase speed decrease, whilst the barotropic kinetic energy, the baroclinic energy and the ratio of KE to APE increase. At a whole depth, when the lower background current curvature is reduced and the upper current curvature is increased, the ISW amplitude, and phase speed, the ratio of baroclinic to barotropic energy, the baroclinic energy, and the ratio of KE to APE all increase.展开更多
We reduce the variable-coefficient higher-order nonlinear Schrodinger equation （VCHNLSE） into the constantcoefficient （CC） one. Based on the reduction transformation and solutions of CCHNLSE, we obtain analytical ...We reduce the variable-coefficient higher-order nonlinear Schrodinger equation （VCHNLSE） into the constantcoefficient （CC） one. Based on the reduction transformation and solutions of CCHNLSE, we obtain analytical soliton solutions embedded in the continuous wave background for the VCHNLSE. Then the excitation in advancement and sustainment of soliton arrays, and postponed disappearance and sustainment of the bright soliton embedded in the background are discussed in an exponential system.展开更多
The quality of background error statistics is one of the key components for successful assimilation of observations in a numerical model.The background error covariance(BEC) of ocean waves is generally estimated under...The quality of background error statistics is one of the key components for successful assimilation of observations in a numerical model.The background error covariance(BEC) of ocean waves is generally estimated under an assumption that it is stationary over a period of time and uniform over a domain.However,error statistics are in fact functions of the physical processes governing the meteorological situation and vary with the wave condition.In this paper,we simulated the BEC of the significant wave height(SWH) employing Monte Carlo methods.An interesting result is that the BEC varies consistently with the mean wave direction(MWD).In the model domain,the BEC of the SWH decreases significantly when the MWD changes abruptly.A new BEC model of the SWH based on the correlation between the BEC and MWD was then developed.A case study of regional data assimilation was performed,where the SWH observations of buoy 22001 were used to assess the SWH hindcast.The results show that the new BEC model benefits wave prediction and allows reasonable approximations of anisotropy and inhomogeneous errors.展开更多
We study rogue waves in an inhomogeneous nonlinear optical fiber with variable coefficients. An exact rogue wave solution that describes rogue wave excitation and modulation on a bright soliton pulse is obtained. Spec...We study rogue waves in an inhomogeneous nonlinear optical fiber with variable coefficients. An exact rogue wave solution that describes rogue wave excitation and modulation on a bright soliton pulse is obtained. Special properties of rogue waves on the bright soliton, such as the trajectory and spectrum, are analyzed in detail. In particular, our analytical results suggest a way of sustaining the peak shape of rogue waves on the soliton background by choosing an appropriate dispersion parameter.展开更多
One of the main goals of modern cosmic microwave background （CMB） missions is to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio r accurately to constrain inflation models. Due to ignorance about the reionization history Xe （z...One of the main goals of modern cosmic microwave background （CMB） missions is to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio r accurately to constrain inflation models. Due to ignorance about the reionization history Xe （z）, this analysis is usu- ally done by assuming an instantaneous reionization Xe （z） which, however, can bias the best-fit value of r. Moreover, due to the strong mixing of B-mode and E-mode polarizations in cut-sky measurements, multiplying the sky coverage fraction fsky by the full-sky likelihood would not give satisfactory results. In this work, we forecast constraints on r for the Planck mission taking into account the general reionization scenario and cut-sky effects. Our results show that by applying an N-point interpo- lation analysis to the reionization history, the bias induced by the assumption of in- stantaneous reionization is removed and the value of r is constrained within 5% error level, if the true value of r is greater than about 0.1.展开更多
The results inferred from experiments with analogue models carried out previously have shown that two types of plastic-flow waves, “fast-waves" and “slow-waves", are induced in the lower lithosphere (inclu...The results inferred from experiments with analogue models carried out previously have shown that two types of plastic-flow waves, “fast-waves" and “slow-waves", are induced in the lower lithosphere (including the lower crust and lithospheric mantle) under driving at plate boundaries and both of them are viscous gravity waves formed by the superposition of major and subsidiary waves. The major waves are similar to solitary waves and the subsidiary waves are traveling waves. The plastic-flow waves in the lower lithosphere control seismic activities in the overlying seismogenic layer and result in the distribution of earthquakes along the wave-crest belts. “Fast-waves" propagated with velocities of orders of magnitude of 100～102km/a have been verified by wave-controlled earthquake migration, showing the “decade waves" and “century waves" with the average periods of 10.8 and 93.4 a, respectively, which originate from the Himalayan driving boundary. According to the recognition of the patterns of the belt-like distribution of strong earthquakes with M S≥7.0, it is indicated further in this paper that the “slow-waves" with velocities of orders of magnitude of 100～101 m/a also originated under compression from the Himalayan driving boundary. Strong earthquakes with M S≥7.0 are controlled mainly by subsidiary waves, because the major waves with a duration of up to 106 a for each disturbance cannot result in the accumulation of enough energy for strong earthquakes due to the relaxation of the upper crust. The subsidiary waves propagate with an average wave length of 445 km, velocities of 0.81～2.80 m/a and periods of 0.16～0.55 Ma. The wave-generating time at the Himalayan driving boundary is about 1.34～4.59 Ma before present for the “slow-waves", corresponding to the stage from the Mid Pliocene to the Mid Early-Pleistocene and being identical with one of the major tectonic episodes of the Himalayan tectonic movement. It is shown from the recognition of the wave-controlled belts of strong earthquakes that two optimal patterns of wave-crest belts originated simultaneously from the eastern and western segments of the Himalayan arc, respectively. The overlap of wave-crest belts of these two systems is responsible for the relative concentration of energy and forms the seismic-energy-background zones for strong earthquakes with M S≥7.0.展开更多
Aimed at the hydrodynamic response for marine structures slamming into water, based on the mechanism analysis to the slamming process, and by combining 3D N-S equation and k-ε turbulent kinetic equation with structur...Aimed at the hydrodynamic response for marine structures slamming into water, based on the mechanism analysis to the slamming process, and by combining 3D N-S equation and k-ε turbulent kinetic equation with structure fully 6DOF motion equation, a mathematical model for the wind-fluid-solid interaction is established in 3D marine structure slamming wave at free poses and wind-wave-flow complex environments. Compared with the results of physical model test, the numerical results from the slamming wave well correspond with the experimental results. Through the mathematical model, the wave-making issue of 3D marine structure at initial pose falls into water in different complex wind, wave and flow environments is investigated. The research results show that various kinds of natural factors and structure initial poses have different influence on the slamming wave, and there is an obvious rule in this process.展开更多
In this article,the vertical components of the continuous waveform data of 90 seismic stations in Ningxia and its adjacent regions recorded from January 2012 to December 2013 are used to obtain the Rayleigh surface wa...In this article,the vertical components of the continuous waveform data of 90 seismic stations in Ningxia and its adjacent regions recorded from January 2012 to December 2013 are used to obtain the Rayleigh surface wave group velocity dispersion images in the study area( 101°- 112°E,31°-42°N) according to the method of noise imaging,with period between 6s - 50s and resolution of 0.5°. The Yinchuan basin in the 6s - 26 s period obviously shows a low velocity anomaly,which is not uniform and has a tendency to gradually weaken; the Guanzhong Basin in 6 s-22s shows a strip of low velocity anomaly and demonstrates a transverse inhomogeneity,where velocity in the southeast is slightly faster than that in the northwest. In the 30s - 50s period it shows that in the Yinchuan graben basin and its southern area,there is a large low velocity anomaly area,which moves from northeast to southwest. It shows that between the main active tectonic zones,like mountains and basins,there are obvious geomorphologic boundaries. For example,the deep fault near Liupan Mountain is the dividing line between two large tectonic units of eastern and western of China. The inversion results have good correlation with the geological structure and the stratigraphic landform. The results are consistent with the results of artificial seismic section tomography across the basin. It provides an important basis for the dynamics of active tectonic zones and the mechanism of earthquake occurrence in this area.展开更多
For the stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds(SGWBs)search centred at the milli-Hz band,the galactic foreground produced by white dwarf binaries(WDBs)within the Milky Way contaminates the extra-galactic signal sev...For the stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds(SGWBs)search centred at the milli-Hz band,the galactic foreground produced by white dwarf binaries(WDBs)within the Milky Way contaminates the extra-galactic signal severely.Because of the anisotropic distribution pattern of the WDBs and the motion of the space-borne gravitational wave interferometer constellation,the time-domain data stream will show an annual modulation.This property is fundamentally diferent from those of the SGWBs.In this article,we propose a new filtering method for the data vector based on the annual modulation phenomenon.We apply the resulted inverse variance filter to the LISA Data Challenge.The result shows that for the weaker SGWB signal,such as energy density Ω_(astro)=1×10^(-12),the filtering method can enhance the posterior distribution peak prominently.For the stronger signal,such as Ω_(astro)=3×10^(-12),the method can improve the Bayesian evidence from“substantial”to“strong”against null hypotheses.This method is model-independent and self-contained.It does not ask for other types of information besides the gravitational wave data.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province under Grant No.Y606128the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Lishui University under Grant No.KZ08001the Scientific Research Fund of the Education Department of Zhejiang Province under Grant No.20070568
文摘The recently observed gravitational wave background is explained in terms of the quantum modification of the general relativity (Qmoger). Some UFO, FRB and supernova flares also can be explained in terms of Qmoger.
文摘A stochastic background of gravitational waves with astrophysical origins may have＇resulted from the superposition of a large number of unresolved sources since the beginning of stellar activity. Its detection would put very strong constraints on the physical properties of compact objects, the initial mass function and star for- marion history. On the other hand, it could be a ＇noise＇ that would mask the stochastic background of its cosmological origin. We review the main astrophysical processes which are able to produce a stochastic background and discuss how they may differ from the primordial contribution in terms of statistical properties. Current detection methods are also presented.
基金The National Basic Research Program(973 Program)under contract Nos 2013CB956101 and 2011CB013701the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No.XDA11020201+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41406019,41406025,41430964 and 41025019the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams under contract No.20140491532
文摘Based on modifications of the observed background parabolic current in upper layer of the northeastern South China Sea （SCS）, the effects of eight kinds of background currents on the characteristics and energy conversion of internal solitary waves （ISWs） are investigated by an Internal Gravity Wave （IGW） model. It is found that, although the background current has little effect on the number of the generated ISWs, it reduces the resulted phase speed of ISW. When the background parabolic current appears with its lower boundary near or above the main thermocline, the ISW amplitude and the depth of the isopycnal undergoing maximum displacement increase; when the background parabolic current curvature is reduced, the ISW amplitude and the ratio of baroclinic to barotropic energy reduce, whilst the phase speed of ISW, the baroclinic energy, and the ratio of baroclinic kinetic energy （KE） to available potential energy （APE） increase; when the lower boundary of background parabolic current extends down to the seabed and the background current curvature is reduced, the ISW amplitude and phase speed decrease, whilst the barotropic kinetic energy, the baroclinic energy and the ratio of KE to APE increase. At a whole depth, when the lower background current curvature is reduced and the upper current curvature is increased, the ISW amplitude, and phase speed, the ratio of baroclinic to barotropic energy, the baroclinic energy, and the ratio of KE to APE all increase.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11005092)the Program for Innovative Research Team of Young Teachers of Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, China (Grant No. 2009RC01)
文摘We reduce the variable-coefficient higher-order nonlinear Schrodinger equation （VCHNLSE） into the constantcoefficient （CC） one. Based on the reduction transformation and solutions of CCHNLSE, we obtain analytical soliton solutions embedded in the continuous wave background for the VCHNLSE. Then the excitation in advancement and sustainment of soliton arrays, and postponed disappearance and sustainment of the bright soliton embedded in the background are discussed in an exponential system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.40806011,U1133001)the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No. KLOCAW0806)
文摘The quality of background error statistics is one of the key components for successful assimilation of observations in a numerical model.The background error covariance(BEC) of ocean waves is generally estimated under an assumption that it is stationary over a period of time and uniform over a domain.However,error statistics are in fact functions of the physical processes governing the meteorological situation and vary with the wave condition.In this paper,we simulated the BEC of the significant wave height(SWH) employing Monte Carlo methods.An interesting result is that the BEC varies consistently with the mean wave direction(MWD).In the model domain,the BEC of the SWH decreases significantly when the MWD changes abruptly.A new BEC model of the SWH based on the correlation between the BEC and MWD was then developed.A case study of regional data assimilation was performed,where the SWH observations of buoy 22001 were used to assess the SWH hindcast.The results show that the new BEC model benefits wave prediction and allows reasonable approximations of anisotropy and inhomogeneous errors.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11475135 and 11547302the Doctoral Program Funds of the Ministry of Education of China under Grant No 20126101110004
文摘We study rogue waves in an inhomogeneous nonlinear optical fiber with variable coefficients. An exact rogue wave solution that describes rogue wave excitation and modulation on a bright soliton pulse is obtained. Special properties of rogue waves on the bright soliton, such as the trajectory and spectrum, are analyzed in detail. In particular, our analytical results suggest a way of sustaining the peak shape of rogue waves on the soliton background by choosing an appropriate dispersion parameter.
基金partially supported by a grant from the Research Grant Councilof the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Project No.400910)the support of a postdoctoral fellowship by The Chinese University of Hong Kong
文摘One of the main goals of modern cosmic microwave background （CMB） missions is to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio r accurately to constrain inflation models. Due to ignorance about the reionization history Xe （z）, this analysis is usu- ally done by assuming an instantaneous reionization Xe （z） which, however, can bias the best-fit value of r. Moreover, due to the strong mixing of B-mode and E-mode polarizations in cut-sky measurements, multiplying the sky coverage fraction fsky by the full-sky likelihood would not give satisfactory results. In this work, we forecast constraints on r for the Planck mission taking into account the general reionization scenario and cut-sky effects. Our results show that by applying an N-point interpo- lation analysis to the reionization history, the bias induced by the assumption of in- stantaneous reionization is removed and the value of r is constrained within 5% error level, if the true value of r is greater than about 0.1.
文摘The results inferred from experiments with analogue models carried out previously have shown that two types of plastic-flow waves, “fast-waves" and “slow-waves", are induced in the lower lithosphere (including the lower crust and lithospheric mantle) under driving at plate boundaries and both of them are viscous gravity waves formed by the superposition of major and subsidiary waves. The major waves are similar to solitary waves and the subsidiary waves are traveling waves. The plastic-flow waves in the lower lithosphere control seismic activities in the overlying seismogenic layer and result in the distribution of earthquakes along the wave-crest belts. “Fast-waves" propagated with velocities of orders of magnitude of 100～102km/a have been verified by wave-controlled earthquake migration, showing the “decade waves" and “century waves" with the average periods of 10.8 and 93.4 a, respectively, which originate from the Himalayan driving boundary. According to the recognition of the patterns of the belt-like distribution of strong earthquakes with M S≥7.0, it is indicated further in this paper that the “slow-waves" with velocities of orders of magnitude of 100～101 m/a also originated under compression from the Himalayan driving boundary. Strong earthquakes with M S≥7.0 are controlled mainly by subsidiary waves, because the major waves with a duration of up to 106 a for each disturbance cannot result in the accumulation of enough energy for strong earthquakes due to the relaxation of the upper crust. The subsidiary waves propagate with an average wave length of 445 km, velocities of 0.81～2.80 m/a and periods of 0.16～0.55 Ma. The wave-generating time at the Himalayan driving boundary is about 1.34～4.59 Ma before present for the “slow-waves", corresponding to the stage from the Mid Pliocene to the Mid Early-Pleistocene and being identical with one of the major tectonic episodes of the Himalayan tectonic movement. It is shown from the recognition of the wave-controlled belts of strong earthquakes that two optimal patterns of wave-crest belts originated simultaneously from the eastern and western segments of the Himalayan arc, respectively. The overlap of wave-crest belts of these two systems is responsible for the relative concentration of energy and forms the seismic-energy-background zones for strong earthquakes with M S≥7.0.
文摘Aimed at the hydrodynamic response for marine structures slamming into water, based on the mechanism analysis to the slamming process, and by combining 3D N-S equation and k-ε turbulent kinetic equation with structure fully 6DOF motion equation, a mathematical model for the wind-fluid-solid interaction is established in 3D marine structure slamming wave at free poses and wind-wave-flow complex environments. Compared with the results of physical model test, the numerical results from the slamming wave well correspond with the experimental results. Through the mathematical model, the wave-making issue of 3D marine structure at initial pose falls into water in different complex wind, wave and flow environments is investigated. The research results show that various kinds of natural factors and structure initial poses have different influence on the slamming wave, and there is an obvious rule in this process.
基金sponsored by the Earth quake Science and Technology Spark Plan(XH14051YSX)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia,China(NZ15213)
文摘In this article,the vertical components of the continuous waveform data of 90 seismic stations in Ningxia and its adjacent regions recorded from January 2012 to December 2013 are used to obtain the Rayleigh surface wave group velocity dispersion images in the study area( 101°- 112°E,31°-42°N) according to the method of noise imaging,with period between 6s - 50s and resolution of 0.5°. The Yinchuan basin in the 6s - 26 s period obviously shows a low velocity anomaly,which is not uniform and has a tendency to gradually weaken; the Guanzhong Basin in 6 s-22s shows a strip of low velocity anomaly and demonstrates a transverse inhomogeneity,where velocity in the southeast is slightly faster than that in the northwest. In the 30s - 50s period it shows that in the Yinchuan graben basin and its southern area,there is a large low velocity anomaly area,which moves from northeast to southwest. It shows that between the main active tectonic zones,like mountains and basins,there are obvious geomorphologic boundaries. For example,the deep fault near Liupan Mountain is the dividing line between two large tectonic units of eastern and western of China. The inversion results have good correlation with the geological structure and the stratigraphic landform. The results are consistent with the results of artificial seismic section tomography across the basin. It provides an important basis for the dynamics of active tectonic zones and the mechanism of earthquake occurrence in this area.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFC2203001,and 2021YFC2203003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12247101)。
文摘For the stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds(SGWBs)search centred at the milli-Hz band,the galactic foreground produced by white dwarf binaries(WDBs)within the Milky Way contaminates the extra-galactic signal severely.Because of the anisotropic distribution pattern of the WDBs and the motion of the space-borne gravitational wave interferometer constellation,the time-domain data stream will show an annual modulation.This property is fundamentally diferent from those of the SGWBs.In this article,we propose a new filtering method for the data vector based on the annual modulation phenomenon.We apply the resulted inverse variance filter to the LISA Data Challenge.The result shows that for the weaker SGWB signal,such as energy density Ω_(astro)=1×10^(-12),the filtering method can enhance the posterior distribution peak prominently.For the stronger signal,such as Ω_(astro)=3×10^(-12),the method can improve the Bayesian evidence from“substantial”to“strong”against null hypotheses.This method is model-independent and self-contained.It does not ask for other types of information besides the gravitational wave data.
