Effects of Bacterial Manure from Cassava Alcohol Fermentation Mash on Yield and Starch Content of Cassava

In order to provide a scientific basis for the utilization of cassava alcohol fermentation mash and the high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation of cassava,compound microbial inoculum was inoculated into the cassava alcohol fermentation mash to prepare bacterial manure,which was then applied to two cassava varieties,Nanzhi 199 and SC 205 to explore the optimum application amount,application method and application concentration. The results showed that when the inoculation amount of the compound microbial inoculum was 2‰ of the mass of the mash,the requirements of industrial production of liquid bacterial manure and agricultural application can be met,saving costs. After the emergence of cassava seedlings,if they were drenched with the bacterial manure of cassava alcohol fermentation mash through roots once according to the amount of 67. 5 t/ha and irrigated with the bacterial manure once every 15 d under drought conditions,both the yield and quality of cassava can be improved significantly. The yield and starch content of Nanzhi 199 reached 26 196. 23 kg/ha and 30. 32%,36. 57% and4. 75 percentage points higher than those of CK. The yield and starch content of SC 205 reached 41 126. 06 kg/ha and 23. 74%,99. 25% and3. 19 percentage points higher than those of CK. Under the application modes of foliar spray,root irrigation and foliar spray + root irrigation,the fertilization effect was more obvious. When undiluted bacterial manure of cassava alcohol fermentation mash was applied according to the amount of 52. 5 t/( ha·time),the fertilization effect of the application mode of foliar spray + root irrigation was the best. The bacterial manure from cassava alcohol fermentation mash can be directly applied without dilution,and the fertilizer efficiency will be reduced significantly after dilution.

浓醪体系中共固定糖化酶与酵母木薯酒精的制取

采用海藻酸铝凝胶为载体，将酵母细胞和糖化酶进行共固定化，以木薯淀粉为原料，在浓醪体系下，进行同步糖化发酵制取酒精。对影响同步糖化发酵的主要因素：凝胶填充率、糖化酶量、湿酵母量、发酵温度进行了正交试验研究，获得的优化工艺条件为：凝胶填充率50％、糖化酶300U／g、湿酵母2．5g、发酵温度37℃、pH值4．0～4．5、料液比1：2．0、硫酸铵0．50g／L、硫酸镁0．20g／L、磷酸二氢钾0．10g／L，浓醪液酒精含量达到13．4％，淀粉利用率达到90．2％。

木薯粉浓醪酒精同步糖化发酵工艺研究

[目的]为木薯粉浓醪酒精发酵提供理论依据。[方法]以木薯粉为原料进行浓醪酒精发酵,研究了不同温度下的糖化酶活力及糖化规律,并比较了同步糖化发酵与先糖化后发酵工艺的发酵效果。[结果]在40～65℃范围内,糖化酶的活力随温度的升高而升高,温度高于65℃时,酶活力开始降低。60℃时糖化效果最好,0.5h糖化率为48.2%,8h醪液中葡萄糖含量达27.5%,已完全糖化。发酵前4h,同步糖化发酵工艺和先糖化后发酵工艺的发酵速度差别不大,4h后同步糖化工艺的产酒精速度明显优于先糖化发酵工艺。同步糖化发酵工艺中残还原糖、残总糖含量明显低于先糖化后发酵工艺,发酵效率达90.3%。[结论]采用同步糖化发酵工艺进行木薯粉浓醪酒精发酵的效果优于先糖化后发酵工艺。

木薯酒精发酵醪液菌肥在其栽培上的应用效果

为木薯酒精发酵醪液资源化利用及木薯的高产高效种植提供科学依据,将复合微生物菌剂接种到木薯酒精发酵醪液中制备木薯酒精发酵醪液菌肥,并在木薯品种南植199和华南205上分别进行菌肥施用量、施用方式和施用浓度试验。结果表明:复合微生物菌剂接种量为醪液质量的2‰时,能满足工业生产液态菌肥要求和农业应用需求,且节约成本。木薯定植出苗后根部淋灌木薯酒精发酵醪液菌肥67.5t/hm^2,干旱时每隔15d淋施1次对木薯的增产提质效果最好,其中,南植199的产量达26 196.23kg/hm^2,比CK高36.57%;淀粉含量达30.32%,比CK高4.75百分点。华南205产量达41 126.06kg/hm^2,比CK高99.25%;淀粉含量达23.74%,比CK高3.19百分点。采取叶面喷雾、根部淋灌、喷雾+根部淋灌均有显著的肥效,当施用未经稀释的木薯酒精发酵醪液菌肥52.5t/hm^2·次时,以叶面喷雾+根部淋灌施用方式的效果最佳。木薯酒精发酵醪液菌肥不用稀释可直接施用,稀释后肥效明显降低。