Evaluation of the ＂Harmony/Balance Value＂ on the Development of the Sensorial Quality of EVOOmExperiences in Germany and Europe

Since 2015 the methodology of the harmony value in the framework of the official organoleptic assessment has been accredited by the German authorities. It initiated additional background for this parameter which is set on top of the Official Paneltest （Standard IOC/T15/Reg. （EWG） 2568/91 in its actual version） which classifies Olive oil in the relevant classifications ＂extra virgin＂, ＂virgin＂ or ＂virgin lampante＂. This study will proof the possible accuracy of this additional parameter ＂harmony/balance＂ and the benefits which arise with this additional parameter for all stakeholders. The German Olive Oil Panel （DOP） is practicing this extended methodology for the sensory evaluation of extra virgin olive oil since 2003. In addition to the verification of the category ＂extra virgin＂ the Panel is continuously training for additional descriptors used to appraise the quality-discrimination for this category. But in case the panel decides for a valid median of a defect the panel supervisor （PSV） will set the harmony level to zero. In the focus is the additional attribute called ＂harmony＂ （in some world areas called ＂balance＂--both mean a quantification of the specific overall quality with one single parameter） which is responsible for this advancement in the methodological approach. Using ＂harmony/balance＂ （H/B） as a quality-factor, the discrimination between bad, average, good, very good and premium quality within the category of EVOO became possible. ＂Harmony＂ includes olfactory, tactile and kinesthetic stimuli and is evaluated on a bipolar 100 mm scale, which leads to this parameter from ＂average＂ in the center to ＂complex/harmonious＂ on one side or to ＂totally disharmonious＂ on the other side. In the study at hand we are able to prove the development of qualities in the framework of the accredited Panel in German speaking countries over more than 10 years. In this study the development of the increasing quality can be proved in yearly figures of the DOP. The trend could be disturbed however in case of climatological circumstances or orders from outside Germany with over proportional low qualities. The official organoleptic assessment method of IOC/EC separates defect free from defected olive oils and is marking the olive oils with a relevant label of classification （EV, V, Lampant）. The additional step to evaluate the harmony value----carried out by the same panel during the same procedure--is quantifying the category of EVOO in relevant quality sectors. This study shows on one side the progress of this method in German speaking countries and their supporting companies. On the other side it revealed the quality problems which arise in markets like the private label/low price （PL/LP） sections in other countries of the European Union. This important market segment covers today about 75%-80% of the market. The IGO study （2015） proved that from 70 samples out of 16 European countries 58.5% （41 samples） have been analyzed as defect; only 41.5% （29 samples） matched the classification EVOO. And from these 29 samples 18 have been evaluated with the additional parameter ＂harmony/balance＂ as ＂lower standard＂ or ＂not sufficient＂. The long experience with this additional parameter is able to stabilize and quantify the quality of EVOO in favor of all stakeholders.

An Intercultural Study of Pushing Hands——The Seeking,Losing and Acquiring of Harmony

The film Pushing Hands is an intercultural film about an elderly Chinese man who was suddenly transplanted into his son's American home after more than 70 years' living in China.This article tries to analyze the film in both Chinese and western perspectives,emphasizing on the Chinese value of harmony and filial piety which is important in maintaining harmony within a family.

中和之美:儒家审美理想及其当代意义

“中和之美”以“中庸”哲学为原则,以“中和”尺度为标准,倡导凡事叩其两端而取其中的“贵和持中”思想。“中和之美”在儒家美学思想中占有独特地位,成为中华美学精神鲜活的审美因子和价值内核。“中和之美”已融入中华文化,在艺术上表现为“非和弗美与温柔敦厚”的审美特征,追求和合和谐、温和温情、宽厚厚道为主的审美意味,真切表达了“乐而不淫,哀而不伤”的艺术情感,体现不过不及、和谐协调等美学原则。“中和之美”的“广其节奏与省其文采”的艺术方式,表现出一种古朴、简洁、静穆的艺术形式和风格,形成了儒家艺术特有的话语系统和审美理想。这对根除当代文艺浮躁功利、偏激片面、放纵欲望、消沉颓废等弊病具有现实意义。

On Wisdom of "Luo Shu" and Classical Chinese Garden Art

As a thinking pattern,"Luo Shu" has been widely used in the classical Chinese garden art with its core lying in the application of nine-palace square.This paper analyzed the wide application of "Luo Shu" wisdom in classical Chinese garden art,which can be summarized into 3 respects including the creation technique of yin and yang(masculine and feminine elements) contrast,the overall-balanced gardening concept and the aesthetic pursuit in curve design.Through analyzing the application of numbers in the "Luo Shu" pattern,the application of contrast,balance and harmony in classical Chinese garden were revealed.

Research on the Harmonious Development of New Rural Communities under the Perspective of Balancing Urban and Rural Areas

On the basis of offering a definition of New Rural Communities (NRCs), the paper analyzes the values of New Rural Communities and argues that the construction of NRCs is able to contribute to the enhancement of the comprehensive agricultural production capability as well as the development of social productivity. Meanwhile the incomes of the rural residents can be boosted, which denotes the realization of a harmonious society where the achievements of China's reform and development are shared by each citizen. Moreover, the construction of NRCs facilitates the economization of land use and thus improves the overall living standard of the residents, while helping to cut the administrative cost and promote democracy at the primary level. This paper also points out various problems arising during the construction of NRCS in China: blindly following suit in accordance with the modes of the urban communities; lack of funds, which leads to the absence of the supporting mechanisms of NRCs; vague positioning and the ensuing shortage of impetus for continued development. Finally, the paper raises the corresponding measures and suggestions: first, based on reality, make overall planning and scientific arrangement; second, the government should play the dominant role while respecting the principal position of the rural residents and introducing the market mechanism; third, increase science and technology input and attach equal importance to economic and social benefits; fourth, broaden fund-raising channels while completing the supervision mechanism.

How Confucian Philosophy of Balanced Harmony Promotes World Harmony

Harmony is the general principle for dealing with various social problems and promoting world harmony.China regards“harmony is most precious”as its ultimate value goal.Harmony is the core value and moral sentiment of the Chinese nation and it is the criterion for dealing with the relationships between people,between people and society,and between countries.The principles and methods of harmony should be used to govern a state so that it can be in a state of mutual integration.Harmony is a theoretical prescription for solving many crises and contradictions today.It is the meaning and value of learning and understanding universal rule.Harmony is the core value of the Chinese nation,the noumenon and universal rule of human existence,and the well-being of human existence.Harmony has various levels of expression,and its value is mainly reflected in harmony of oneself,harmony of the people,and harmony of nature.Benevolence is the core value concept of balanced harmony,and the philosophy of balanced harmony is realized through propriety.No matter for the communication between individuals,or the relationships between groups,nations,and countries,harmony is the eternal value pursuit and propriety is its eternal value carrier.

One-Dimensionality, Reliability, Distribution, and Correlates of the Brief Interactive Optimism Scale among University Teachers

The Brief Interactive Optimism Scale (BIOS-G), recently published, was developed to measure optimism based on the interactive personality styles theory in the general population of Mexican adults. It has been validated in both the general population in Mexico and other Latin American countries. This study aims to further consolidate the validity of the BIOS-G in a specific population. The objectives are to assess the psychometric properties of its items, validate its unidimensional structure, describe its distribution, verify its internal consistency, and examine its direct relationship with affective balance and positive affect, as well as its inverse relationship with emotional exhaustion and negative affect among Mexican university teachers. The BIOS-G, the CESQT emotional exhaustion subscale, and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) were administered to a non-probability sample of 213 Mexican university teachers. All items demonstrated discriminative power and internal consistency. The scale showed internal consistency (Green-Yang ordinal ω = 0.74 and McDonald ordinal ω = 0.88). The one-factor model presented good to acceptable fit to the data, with an average variance extracted of 0.65. Its distribution was negatively skewed and mesokurtic. The BIOS-G correlated directly with SPANE’s affective balance and positive emotional experiences and inversely with negative emotional experiences and emotional exhaustion, with moderate strengths of association. Its mean score was higher in men than in women and correlated positively with age. It is concluded that the BIOS-G demonstrates internal consistency and validity evidence among Mexican university teachers, and its use in this specific population is recommended.

Harmonies and Emotion Expression in Piano Works – Based on sigh in piano works by Joe Hisaishi

Piano is a type of western musical instrument. Since its creation, people have been deeply attracted by its melodious sound and elegant temperament. In order to express emotions better with the piano, a lot of musicians and music amateurs have made joint efforts to create many piano playing skills, wherein harmony is a typical representative. Enjoying high fame in the world, Japanese animation has become one representative culture of this country. Success of Japanese animation is attributed to many factors. Except for real emotional expression as well as abundant and varied styles, the exquisite background music has played a dominant role. Joe Hisaishi is a Japanese pianist and composer enjoying the high reputation. He cooperates with Miyazaki Hayao –a Japanese cartoon master very tacitly. Close relations have been built between them based on the win-win goals. Application of sigh in Joe Hisaishi’s piano works can accurately express ideals and emotions of ？ gures, forming a unique style in his music works. The paper researches harmony application and expression of ideas and emotions in piano works based on application of sigh in Joe Hisa ishi’s works. In order to realize in-depth study, the paper also introduces the cartoonist Miyazaki Hayao who is closely related with Joe Hisaishi. Through combination of them, readers can understand the research more easily.

医护一体化模式对前庭外周性眩晕病人眩晕症状及负性情绪的影响

目的:探讨医护一体化模式对前庭外周性眩晕病人的眩晕症状、焦虑抑郁负性情绪的影响。方法:选取2022年10月—2023年3月某三级甲等医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科行住院治疗的前庭外周性眩晕病人120例,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组60例。对照组实施常规诊疗护理工作模式,试验组实施医护一体化模式,干预2周后观察两组病人的眩晕、平衡状况和焦虑、抑郁负性情绪。结果:干预后两组病人眩晕、平衡状况较干预前均有所改善,两组病人眩晕障碍量表评分、Berg平衡量表评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。负性情绪方面,干预后两组病人较干预前均有所改善,试验组更早缓解了病人焦虑、抑郁情绪(P<0.05)。两组病人负性情绪干预2周后与1周后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:将医护一体化模式应用于前庭外周性眩晕病人,能更早改善病人眩晕症状,缓解其负性情绪,加快病人康复。

基于“性-效-伍”的维药名方祖卡木颗粒组方原理探索

维医药与中医学具有“一源多流”的特点,应用中医基础理论开展维药名方祖卡木颗粒的组方原理探究具有重要学术价值和现实意义。参考《中华人民共和国药典》(2020版)、《中华本草》等典籍,对祖卡木颗粒组方药物的基源、药性、功效、配伍进行对比分析,寻找中医药与维医药相似性与共通性,并融入中医学的“七情和合”与“君臣佐使”配伍理论进行方解,充分阐释其组方原理的科学内涵。祖卡木颗粒虽在药物及用药习惯方面体现出了一定的维医药特色,但在疾病认识、功效描述等方面与中医药具有较强的共通性,可借鉴中医药方解思路与配伍理论进行组方原理探究。方中薄荷、睡莲花二者相使为君药,主疏散风热;罂粟壳、破布木果、洋甘菊三者相须为用,止咳平喘共为臣药;大黄、蜀葵子二者相须,增强清热泻火之效,大枣、山柰相须为用,共同养护脾胃,四药为佐药;甘草调和诸药而为使。维医药、中医药二者具有相互借鉴与融合的基础,借鉴中医药基础理论可明确祖卡木颗粒的主治病证,将有助于进一步指导维医复方的临床合理使用与新药开发,促进维医药的现代化发展。

从the “DG Harmony”案看英美法下海上危险货物托运人归责原则之演进

从the"DG Harmony"案中美国联邦第二巡回上诉法院的轰动性判决入手,对英美法有关海上危险货物运输下托运人归责原则和承托双方责任分担的相关立法和司法实践的演进作一梳理,即从《海牙规则》与美国COGSA1936前普通法和一般海事原则下托运人严格责任的确立,到对《海牙规则》及COGSA1936相关条款下托运人严格责任的解析,再到以the"DG Harmony"案为代表的英美目前司法实践对突破托运人严格责任的探索。在此梳理的基础上,总结概括出目前英美法下裁判海上危险货物运输纠纷的思路与原则。这种以托运人严格责任原则为基础,以通过"知识权衡"与因果分析确定的"未能提醒"的过失责任原则为补充的思路,对中国的立法和司法实践具有一定的借鉴意义。

基于中医情志相胜理论的阅读疗法护理干预模式对尿毒症患者心理的作用

目的探讨基于中医情志相胜理论的阅读疗法护理干预模式对尿毒症患者心理情况的影响。方法选择2022年1月—12月在吉林医药学院附属医院治疗的尿毒症患者70例为研究对象。根据患者治疗时间不同进行分组,即将2022年1月—6月治疗的35例患者纳入对照组。将2022年7月—12月治疗的35例患者纳入观察组。对照组行常规护理,观察组采取基于中医情志相胜理论的阅读疗法进行护理干预。护理后,从心理焦虑评分、心理抑郁评分、心理压力评分等方面,比较护理效果。结果观察组患者心理焦虑评分、心理抑郁评分和心理压力评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于中医情志相胜理论的阅读疗法护理干预模式能有效改善尿毒症患者焦虑等心理异常。

前庭功能训练操在眩晕患者康复护理中的应用

目的观察前庭功能训练操在眩晕患者康复护理中的应用效果,以及对前庭症状指数(vestibular symptom index,VSI)、伯格平衡量表评分(Burger balance scale,BBS)的影响。方法选取2022年1月—2023年11月在厦门大学附属第一医院接受治疗的80例眩晕患者为研究对象。按护理方式的不同分为2组,各40例。对照组予以常规护理措施,观察组在对照组的基础上给予前庭功能训练操,护理持续1个月。对比2组患者干预前后的VSI、BBS、负性情绪(state anxiety scale,SAI)、生活质量(quality of life-74,GQOL-74)、护理满意度。结果干预后,观察组VSI评分为(18.17±5.20)分,低于对照组的(24.79±5.46)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组BBS评分为(48.18±5.12)分,高于对照组的(41.77±5.63)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的SAI评分低于对照组,GQOL-74各维度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的护理总满意度为97.50%(39/40),高于对照组的80.00%(32/40),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论眩晕患者应用前庭功能训练操可显著改善患者的前庭症状,调节其平衡能力,患者焦虑情绪明显得到缓解,从而改善其生活质量水平,患者对护理工作的满意度较高。

和平发展作为中国国家理想与民族品性——兼谈建构中国国家历史形象

和平发展是中国的国家理想、国家目标本身,也是中国传统天下观的核心内容,这是中华民族固有品性内在决定的,有着坚实的历史依据。中国的传统文化为中和文化,这种文化浸润了中国人乃至中华民族的和合品性。以中原为核心的单元历史在对外关系上呈现整体上的和平礼仪外交与非攻击性,历朝历代都以天下太平四海咸宁为最高理想,从来没有主动发动大规模对外战争。即使有战争也是“平天下”,以天下太平为目的,而不是屠杀、占领、掠夺、奴役乃至种族灭绝。所谓“朝贡制”主要是保证天下太平四海咸宁的礼仪,经济上基本都是倒贴的。中国自身数千年“协和万邦”的实践为当今人类和平发展提供了具有特殊启示意义的宝贵经验,“中和天下观”的构想,可以为人类走向善善与共的美好明天提供新的智慧。

从黑格尔的自然美看建筑美学的形而上学基础

自然美和建筑美是黑格尔美学思想的重要组成部分,受通识的建筑形式美学法则与黑格尔自然美学思想高度重合现象的启示,笔者意欲通过对黑格尔自然美学思想的解读,印证其“建筑艺术形式是通过知解力的方式对有机界的形式加以改造而形成的”观点,进而揭示具有“共相”特征的建筑形式法则中最稳固的生物学基底及先验的心理结构。

校城共生视角下的校园更新设计研究——以浙江大学西溪校区为例

在当下高校教育大众化、学校后勤社会化的双重背景下,大学校园和城市之间逐步建立起更为紧密的关系。该文立足浙江大学平衡建筑和合共生的理念,以校城共生域为视角创新探讨了校园边界对城市和校园的双向互动影响。基于共生域这一校城关系的载体,研究对校城边界空间的设计要素进行整体梳理,分层总结校城边界空间的设计策略,并通过浙江大学西溪校区的研究与设计作为实践验证,以期为城市中心区校城边界空间更新提供更普适、具体、深入的方法理论和实践优化策略。

天道与礼乐:论汉代经学“中和”观念的秩序特征

“中和”是《中庸》核心观念之一,在汉代经学中,“中和”观念的内涵从两个方向展开,其一是天道论的方向,汉儒董仲舒通过天道运行规律构建出以“中和”为终极标准的天道秩序;其二是礼乐论的方向,通过礼乐对人性的教化,最终达到以“中和”为理想的政治秩序。由此,在汉代,“中和”指向一个贯穿天人的宇宙终极秩序。不过,这一“中和”观念始终具有客观化与外在化的倾向,与宋明理学以主体道德的完成而实现的天人合一之“中和”境界具有主客观的差别。

针刺治疗抑郁症的重要机制——免疫稳态调控

抑郁症是一种以快感缺失、悲观绝望为主要特征的情志疾病,常伴随焦虑、厌食或失眠等症状。因其高复发率和自杀风险,给患者及其家庭造成了极大心理和经济负担。虽然抗抑郁药物有一定疗效,但起效慢、易复发等不足限制了其临床应用。针刺作为一种传统中医疗法,以其多靶点、多途径等特点,在治疗抑郁症中展现出独特优势。近年研究表明,免疫稳态在抑郁症发展中扮演重要角色,而针刺调节免疫功能的国内外报道也逐渐增多。

基于“肝与大肠相通”探讨功能性便秘的防治

功能性便秘是临床常见的疾病,患病率呈上升趋势,病程长,病情迁延,常伴有情志异常。情志因素成为功能性便秘发病及复发的重要影响因素,情志异常致肝气郁结,气机疏泄失常,大肠腑气不通,从而引起功能性便秘的发生。然便秘日久,其本在脾虚,脾失健运,升清降浊失常,又脾病及肝,肝失疏泄,气机郁滞,出现情志焦虑、抑郁等。故“见肝之病,知肝传脾”不仅包含肝病传脾、实脾防传和脾病及肝、肝脾相互影响的内涵,还不应缺少“肝与大肠相通”的新内涵。现代医学认为肝脏和胃肠道在解剖学上及功能上存在内在联系,“肠-肝”轴学说可为“肝与大肠相通”提供客观的证据支持。文章尝试从中医理论、现代医学研究、临床应用等方面论述“肝与大肠相通”理论,及在其指导下运用“肝脾同调”法治疗功能性便秘。

乐何以通伦理——先秦儒家“乐通伦理”观释义

中华文明素有“礼乐文明”之称,带有强烈的伦理色彩。“乐”与“伦理”相通,具体体现在三个方面:其一,“乐”通“伦理”的人性基础是“情”,两者都源自基于血缘的自然情感的发展与交流。其二,“乐”通“伦理”的价值旨归为“和”,包括个体身心的和谐、人际关系的和谐以及人与天地万物的和谐。其三,“乐”通“伦理”的实践路径为“教”,乐教具有丰富的内容、多样的形式和完善的机制,旨在个体修身成德、社会移风易俗,从而在不平等的阶级社会中实现和谐大同。