Banking Sector Development and Agricultural Productivity in Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC)

There is high pressure for investment capital and financial services for agricultural activities necessary for poverty reduction,economic growth,sustainable development and food security.This study investigated the long-term causation between banking sector development and agricultural productivity in the six Central African Economic and Monetary Community(CEMAC)states from 1990 to 2018,hypothesizing no causation between banking sector and agriculture output.With the autoregressive distributed lag(ARDL)model and vector error correction model(VECM),the study demonstrates that banking sector and agricultural productivity in the CEMAC region are related.It implies long-run relationship exists between banking sector and agricultural productivity in the CEMAC zone.The results reveal that bidirectional causality exists between banking sector and agricultural productivity in the CEMAC region.This is insinuating that in the CEMAC region,agricultural productivity and banking sector development are operating in mutualism.The findings indicate the reason to establish the banking sector using proper macroeconomic,legal and regulatory policies to boost agricultural productivity by creating incentive systems that channel more credit to agricultural investment and promoting the banking system.

BANK OF CHINA Overseas Business Development

The Bank of China has achieved steadyand considerable development invarious overseas businesses,hasexpanded,and has enhanced its overall strengthand made a tremendous contribution to thedevelopment of the State’s economicconstruction and foreign trade.At present,the Bank of China has 519 overseas agencies,distributed in 19 countries and regions.As ofthe end of June 1995,the total assets value inoverseas branches had surpassed US＄ 150billion.This information was revealed byWang Xuebing,the Chairman of the

Qingdao Tyre Deveopment Project Acclaimed by Asian Development Bank

The Qingdao Rubber Group Company has completed its technical renovation project on 300,000 sets of allsteel heavy-duty meridian tyres with a loan provided by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), After the renovation, its products have earned the standard certificate DOT from the United States and the ECE certificate from Europe, and entered the world market, Now the tyres are not only selling well in Third World countries, but also failing to keep up with demand in Britain, the United States, Europe and Australia, and other countries and regions.

Impact Analysis of Macroeconomic Factors on Stock Value of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank under PCA Regression

When we consider the factors affecting the stock market,we often consider the impact of macroeconomic factors on it.On the basis of the academic achievements of predecessor scholars on macroscopic factors affecting the overall stocks,this article selects six macroeconomic influencing factors:money supply,USDCNY exchange rate,GDP,national fiscal revenue,price index and interest rate,and uses PAC regression analysis method to construct a regression model.Analyze the influencing factors of Shanghai Pudong Development Bank stock;then conduct heteroscedasticity,autocorrelation,and multicollinearity tests to modify and adjust the regression model;finally,make relevant recommendations based on the analysis results.

Approach to the Reserve against Deposit System and the Sustainable Development of Chinese Commercial Banks

Since the establishment of the reserve against deposit system in China, theorists have different views about it. After analyzing some of those views, this essay proposes that presently, it is inappropriate to cancel that system, and the rate of the required reserve should be reduced instead of being removed. With the analysis, the author points out the defects of that system, and makes a further study of that system's influence on the sustainable development of the commercial banks in China. In the last part, from several aspects, namely, the institutional environment, the rate of required reserve, the structure, and the mode of calculating and drawing money, the author offers some suggestions for the perfection of China's reserve against deposit system, and the acceleration of the sustainable development of commercial banks.

The Role of Multilateral Development Banks and Institutions Are Important

These five recommendations cover the most critical aspects of infrastructure development:an attractive pipeline of projects,diversity of financial instruments and a conducive regulatory environment,the role of multilateral development institutions,as well as the management of project life-cycle pro-

Financing and the Role of Multilateral Development Banks are the Highlights

For me,the highlights of these recommendations are the financing and the role of Multilateral Development Banks.The recommendations I follow with most interest are the ones that protect and insure against political risk and regulatory risk.These

Counteraction to China?Impact of the U.S.International Development Finance Corporation on China’s Development Finance

The United States passed the Better Utilization of Investment Leading to Development(BUILD Act),as a counterweight to China’s overseas development activities.Under the Act,the US established a new federal agency,the U.S.International Development Finance Corporation(DFC),to enhance U.S.development financing capabilities.To better understand the impact of the DFC on China’s development finance,this article analyzes the DFC’s purpose,functions,structure,and funding.Then it focuses on the purpose of establishing the DFC,providing a preliminary analysis of the potential motivation for its establishment.It also compares the China Development Bank(CDB)and the DFC based on their focused sectors.Finally,through an in-depth analysis of financial frictions in China-U.S.relations,this article argues that the DFC competes with China’s overseas development financing activities in the context of broader strategic competition between China and the U.S.

沾化凹陷长堤地区沙一段生物灰岩发育模式及分布特征

沾化凹陷长堤地区沙一段属于低勘探层段,目前在沙一段下部生物灰岩中钻遇高产油气,沙一段生物灰岩成为勘探热点,而生物灰岩发育模式及分布特征认识不清。以岩芯、录井、测井及三维地震资料为基础,对工区生物灰岩进行系统研究,取得以下几方面认识:1)结合前人层序划分基础,依据地震及井孔资料,将沙一段作为一个三级层序,并利用高频层序划分原理,将沙一段下部细分为三个四级层序,而生物灰岩发育于三个四级层序中;2)生物灰岩分布受古气候、相对古水深和古地貌控制,研究区沙一段时期为亚热带湿润—干旱气候,微咸水湖泊环境,生物灰岩发育在湖平面动荡的湖退体系域中,相对古水深处于稳定的下降过程,录井资料证实生物灰岩多分布于古地貌西南部缓坡及东部洼槽;3)依据主控因素建立生物滩发育模式,划分为缓坡生物滩发育模式和洼槽生物滩发育模式,并确定研究区生物灰岩内幕演化过程,指明研究区发育三期生物灰岩,三期生物灰岩依次向北部长堤潜山呈退积迁移;4)通过对四级层序中生物灰岩垂向发育特征和平面展布特征的分析,并基于敏感地震属性平面分布预测,结合古地貌,确定研究区生物灰岩呈南厚北薄,东部洼槽发育较厚,条带状分布的特征。最后,确定了长堤地区沙一段下部生物灰岩发育模式及分布特征,深化了湖相生物灰发育模式理论研究,为济阳坳陷沙一段特殊岩性油藏勘探和圈闭优选提供指导。

中国西部银行金融发展的对策研究

提出了我国西部银行金融的区域发展模式,并就西部人民银行、商业银行和政策性银行的具体发展对策作出了系统设计。

吉林省农村商业银行发展策略分析

吉林省农村商业银行是吉林省农村金融发展与改革的重要支柱。在总结吉林省农村商业银行发展现状的基础上,指出其主要存在产权依然不明晰、法人治理结构仍不完善、内控管理不健全及缺乏创新能力等问题,并借鉴重庆农村商业银行的成功经验,提出了明确产权关系、完善法人治理结构、理顺管理制度、增强风险管控能力及进行产品创新等发展策略。

The Foundation for the Establishment of the BRICS New Development Bank:Immediate Impetus and Theoretical Rationale

The BRICS basic infrastructure suffers from a huge financing gap, but their massive foreign exchange reserves lack profitable outlets and member states＇ self-contained management costs are extremely high. The coincidence of the need for basic infrastructure investment and the need for profitable foreign exchange reserves are the immediate reasons for setting up the BRICS Development Bank. Comparative advantage and the co-movement of fluctuations in the BRICS member states optimize their cooperative interests. A co- movement game model analysis enables us to deduce the logical necessity for cooperation among the BRICS. Compared with other patterns of cooperation, virtual networks enable this financial cooperation to yield benefits in a short timeframe. The mutually supportive relationship between development and stability in the BRICS economies provides a solid rationale for the establishment of the New Development Bank.

齐齐哈尔市银行卡产业存在的问题及发展战略

党的十六大指出全面建设小康社会 ,齐齐哈尔市的银行卡产业要乘势而上 ,与时俱进 ,努力解决好银行卡发展过程中暴露出的问题 ,创造性地开展工作 ,扎扎实实地推进银行卡产业快速、健康发展 ,普及银行卡应用。

中间业务:扩大商业银行的发展空间

随着国内外形势的发展 ,我国商业银行发展中间业务已具备其可能性和必要性。但另一方面 ,与西方银行相比 ,我国商业银行中间业务在思想认识上、发展规模上、经营管理上、技术上 ,都尚处于较低水平。因此 ,中国商业银行要结合自身实际来研究中间业务的发展对策 ,以更好地适应社会主义市场经济的发展和迎接入世的挑战。

城市商业银行跨区域经营的分析与发展对策

目前,我国的城市商业银行的跨区域经营发展,成为一种时代潮流。本文根据这种现象,分析了城商行的现状、经营模式、跨区域后面临的劣势与风险,最后给出了现阶段城商行跨区发展经营的战略与对策。

世界银行的发展问题研究

世界银行作为全世界最重要的政府间国际组织之一,在国际舞台上一直发挥着重要的作用。从其成立之初到现在,世界银行已经有了巨大的发展。但是,面临的问题也日益突显,主要表现为现实与目标的差距;政治化倾向问题以及项目执行监督不力等。针对这些问题,世界银行应该要坚定使命,"为消除贫困而努力";要将角色定位清晰,保持相对独立性;同时还要继续加强和非政府组织的合作,加强外部监督。

寡头垄断、风险竞争与中小银行的发展困境：2001-2006

金融市场开放和改革使我国中小银行得到了较快发展,但也逐步陷入了风险扩张而绩效下滑的困境中。运用基于Stackelberg模型构建的寡头垄断市场银行风险竞争模型来对中小银行发展困境进行的实证研究发现,在资金价格(存贷款利率)受到严格管制的垄断市场中,银行间的竞争将会导致银行体系风险水平与资产规模的不断扩张,而不是经营绩效的持续提升。要使中小银行摆脱发展困境并得到健康发展,必须在培育银行业专业化分工的同时逐渐打破银行体系的垄断格局,推进利率市场化,放开对资金价格的严格限制,使中小银行的非价格竞争劣势转变为价格竞争优势;同时加强对中小银行的监管,为其营造一个公平竞争的市场环境。