Identification of Wheat-Barley 2H Alien Substitution Lines

The genetic constitution of fifteen materials derived from the cross wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. 'Chinese Spring') X barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. 'Betzes') was analyzed, and six disomic alien substitution lines were screened by GISH. The chromosome configurations in pollen mother cells at meiotic metaphase I (PMCs M I) of F, from each disomic substitution line respectively crossed with double ditelocentric lines 2A, 2B and 2D of 'Chinese Spring' were observed, and a set of wheat-barley disomic alien substitution lines 2H(A), 2H(B) and 2H(D) were obtained. The RFLP analysis with the probe psr131 on the short arm of wheat homeologous group 2 combining with four restriction enzymes were carried out. The results indicated that the probe psr131 could be used as molecular marker to tag the barley chromosome 2H. The barley chromosome 2H had good genetic compensation ability for wheat chromosomes 2B and 2D in vitality and other agronomic characters. The result of testing seed was that the wheat appearance starch quality had been changed from the half-farinaceous of 'Chinese Spring' to the half-cutin of substitution lines by transferring the barley chromosome 2H to wheat.

Genetic Variation of Functional Components in Grains of Improved Barley Lines from Four Continents

[Objective] The study was to analyze functional components in improved barley grains. [Method] Genetic variations of functional components in grains among 629 barley improved lines from four continents were determined with DU640-type ultraviolet spectrophotometry (BECKMAN). [Result] The contents (mg/100 g) of total flavones and GABA in grains of Asian barley lines (123.09±29.56, 9.49±4.34) were significantly higher than that of American barley lines (103.85±22.33, 7.38±3.59), while no significant difference was observed between Asia/Americas and Europe (115.47±11.41, 9.66±3.98) and Australia (104.20±4.76, 8.83±3.41); furthermore, there was no significant difference of resistant starch content (%) in barley grains among four continents [Asia (1.63±1.44), America (1.54±1.13), Europe (1.20±0.85) and Australia (0.27±0.26)]. The contents (%) of resistant starch in grains of two-rowed barley (ssp. Hordeum distichon Koern., 1.45±1.20) was significantly lower than that of poly-rowed barley (ssp. Hordeum vulgare Orlov., 1.95±1.24). On the contrary, the content of total flavones in two-rowed lines (111.43±27.79 mg/100 g) was significantly higher than that of poly-rowed lines (102.15±14.95 mg/100 g), and the content of GABA in two-rowed lines (8.55±3.73 mg/100 g) was also significantly higher than that of poly-rowed lines (5.96±3.95 mg/100 g). There was the most significant correlation between GABA content and resistant starch (-0.21**)/total flavones content (0.12**, P<0.01, n=629). There were great genotype differences among the functional components in barley grains. The coefficient of variation (78.60%) and range (0-9.29%) of resistant starch (1.56±1.22%) were relatively large, including 11 high-resistant starch lines above 5%; the coefficient of variation (49.00%) and range (0-30.67 mg/100g) of GABA (8.00±3.92 mg/100 g) were also relatively large, including 26 lines with GABA higher than 15 mg/100 g; the coefficient of variation (23.63%) and range (58.44-236.91 mg/100 g) of total flavones (109.44±25.85 mg/100 g) was relatively small, including 14 lines with total flavones higher than 176 mg/100 g. [Conclusion] There are zonal and genotypic differences in the contents of of functional components in barley grains.

Variation of Grain and Malt Qualities in Barley as Affected by Cultivars and Environments

Inferior and unstable quality of malt barley in China has limited its wide use in malting and brewing industries. In this research, eight two-rowed barley cultivars were planted at 7 locations with different ecological conditions in southern China, to investigate the cultivar and environmental effect on grain and malt qualities. The results showed that grain protein content differed dramatically among locations, but there were no significant differences among cultivars. For four malt qualities including diastatic power, wort viscosity, Kolbach index and malt extract, significant differences were found among cultivars and locations, except for diastatic power among cultivars. Coefficients of variance(CV)caused by location were greater than those caused by cultivar for each quality parameter, especially for diastatic power and Kolbach index, indicating the predominant influence of environment on malt quality. The analysis showed that grain protein content was positively related to diastatic power and wort viscosity, and negatively to malt extract. Kolbach index was positively related to malt extract, and negatively to diastatic power and wort viscosity. Diastatic power showed positive and negative correlation with wort viscosity and malt extract, respectively.

Drought Strategy Tolerance of Four Barley Cultivars and Combined Effect with Salicylic Acid Application

This investigation was conducting to explain that four barley genotypes varied in their drought tolerance according to their genotype and their tested organs. It can be recorded that growth parameters (fresh, dry matter and length, water content, leaf area and pigment contents) were decreased as decreasing M. C. in the soil. This indicated that Giza 123 was the superior in its drought tolerance and Giza 129 was the interior and both cv. Giza 2000 and cv. Giza 124 were the intermediated between them. This concomitant with increase in soluble sugar and soluble protein content of both organs in Giza 123 and shoot Ca++, this related with lower value of OP other than genotypes, in Giza 2000 this was related with a huge accumulation in soluble protein of shoot and root, shoot amino acids and root proline reach 3-folds than control plants as decreasing M. C. Whereas drought stress increased soluble protein only in Giza 124 while in Giza 129 decreasing M. C. increased soluble protein, amino acids and proline contents in shoot and root and shoot Ca++. The values of OP increased as decreasing M. C. in four barley cultivars concomitant with their drought tolerance. Also, SA application was markedly enhanced the production of growth parameters in shoot and root with varied degree according to each tested barley genotypes. SA application was significantly increased OP in shoot, root and spike of barley pants. Spraying vegetative parts with 0.5 mM SA was markedly increased the soluble sugar, soluble protein and amino acids in shoot, root and spike of four barley cultivars. On the other side, SA application lowered the accumulation of proline in shoot and root of barley genotypes. SA treatment induced no significant change in K+, Ca++, and Mg++ in shoot, root and spike of Giza 123, it significantly increased K+, Ca++, and Mg++ in shoot and root of Giza 2000. SA application enhanced accumulation of K+, Ca++ in shoot and root of Giza 124 and K+, Ca++ and Mg++in three organs of Giza 129.

Simulation of in situ Root Decomposition of Two Barley Cultivars

Root C and root-released C are closely related to soil organic matter content and mechanistic simulation modeling has proven to be useful for studying root and soil organic C dynamics in plant-soil ecosystems. A computer model was designed in this study to simulate the dynamics of root C and root released C decomposition in situ and the dynamics of different forms of C in soil under two barley cultivars （Abee and Samson）. The results showed that on the 15th day, about 48% of the total 14C fixed in roots was respired for Abee and 42% for Samson. This indicated that the turnover rate of root ^14C of Abee was higher than that of Samson. The percentage of water-soluble organic ^14C, active microbial ^14C and stable ^14C over the total fixed ^14C were not different between two barley cultivars. From the analysis of the model for two barley cultivars, the total ~4C transformed into different soil pools （excluding CO：-C and root C pools） for the two barley cultivars was similar （26% for Abee and 25% for Samson）, but the difference of ^14C remaining in soil between the two barley cultivars was mainly because of the difference of ^14C remaining in roots which have not been yet decomposed. Some of the information which could not be measured in the laboratory conditions was obtained in this studv.

Impact of Irrigation Water Salinity on Germination and Seedling Growth of Egyptian Barley Cultivars

The aim of this research was to assess the influence of saline irrigation water which prepared to obtain salt stress of 0.31,3.21,5.74,8.28 and 12.86 dS/m on seed germination,and early seedling growth of 10 cultivars(Giza 123,124,125,126,127,129,130,134,135 and 2000)of Egyptian barley grown in clay loam soil.Germination was tested in germination cups filled with clay loam soil moistened with different concentrations of saline water,in the growth chambers condition.Results indicated that,the highest values of germinated seeds were recorded mainly at fresh water(0.31 dS/m)at all germination periods.Also,the maximum values were recorded at investigated barley cultivars Giza 126,127 and 2000 for three studied periods(3,5 and 7 d),while Giza 129,130 and 135 got the same trend where the highest values for germinated seeds attained at the 5 d,7 d and at 3 d were 9.5 seeds,respectively.Barley cultivar Giza 126 had significantly higher root length(4.07 cm),shoot length(11.75 cm),root fresh weight(48.2 mg),shoot fresh weight(101.1 mg),root dry weight(7.1 mg),shoot dry weight(6.6 mg)and seedling vigor index(13.44).The 6 kDa protein bands had the same increasing after salt stress in cultivars Giza 123,127,129,134 and 135.Barley cultivars in clay soil can be classified into barley cultivars Giza 126,127 and 2000 as highly tolerance and barley cultivar Giza 129,123 and 127 as moderately tolerance and the rest is less.

Characterization of Newly Developed Wheat/Barley Introgression Lines in Respect of Aluminium Tolerance

The Al tolerance of newly developed wheat/barley disomic addition, substitution and translocation lines carry chromosomes of three different barley cultivars was evaluated by comparing the root growth in solution containing 75 μM AlCl3 at pH 4.0 to that of known Al-tolerant and sensitive wheat genotypes. The wheat Asakaze komugi, barley Manas cultivars and their hybrid derivatives were found to have high levels of Al tolerance. The wheat line Mv9kr1, barley cultivar Igri and progenies of the hybrids were sensitive to Al. In most cases, the Al tolerance of the wheat/barley introgression lines derived from Al-sensitive wheat Mv9kr1 and barley Betzes with moderate Al tolerance was similar to that of the wheat parents, but the 2DS.2DL-1HS translocation line of Mv9kr1/Betzes exhibited more intensive root growth, while accumulating less Al than the parental lines. This indicates that either the lack of the distal part of chromosome 2DL or the presence of the distal part of 1HS improved the Al tolerance level.

Cultivar Mixture Cooperation(CMC)of rice varieties(lines) with different blast resistant gene

We studied Cultivar Mixture Cooperation(CMC)of rice varieties(lines)by screening mixture ofrice varieties which possess different genes,1983-1996.

Cultivar and Environmental Effects on p-glucanase Activity in Both Barley Grain and Malt and Its Function in β-glucan Degradation

Eight two-rowed barley cultivars were grown at seven locations in the southern winter-barley zone of China. Mean grainβ-glucanase activity ranged from 39.89 U kg-1 for Suyin2 to 49.75 U kg-1 for Xi-umai3 in 8 cultivars grown at 7 locations, and from 38. 74 U kg-1 in Zhengzhou to 57. 96 U kg-1 in Putian among 7 locations on an average of all cultivars. Correspondingly, mean malt β-glucanase activity of 8 cultivars ranged from 313.33 U kg-1 for ZAU3 to 489. 89 U kg-1 for Daner Barley, and of 7 locations from 330.40 U kg-1 in Yancheng to 418. 24 U kg-1 in Putian. There were significant differences among cultivars and locations in maltβ-glucanase activities. The locations showed much larger variation in maltβ-glucanase activities than cultivars. The reduction of total β-glucan content after malting varied in both cultivars and locations, with a mean of 78.31%. The analysis of correlations showed that maltβ-glucan content was significantly positively and negatively correlated with grain β-glucan content and malt β-glucanase activity, respectively, and malt β-glucanase activity was significantly positively correlated with grain β-glucanase activity.

Effect of Self-fertilization on Performance, Breeding and Germplasm Management of Four Local Faba Bean Cultivars

Faba bean is self- and cross-fertilized species. The consequences of self-fertilization are important factors determining the germplasm management in such species with levels of heterogeneity and heterozygsity. Effects of self-fertilization on floral, yield and yield components characters were evaluated by comparing two levels of selfing, produced in bee-proof cages, in open-pollination at two locations in Sudan. Selfing process results in no significant differences in yield and yield components within each cultivar. Autofertile lines with reduced partial dependence on insects for seed set could be produced. Spatial isolation should be used to maintain the genetic purity of such lines. An alternate strategy for entries multiplication should focus on increasing heterozygosity and the maintenance of cross-fertilization inside the entries to prevent contamination with foreign pollens. Our results follow the previous knowledge on faba bean genetic resources conservation and management.

Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Olive Leaf Extracts and Their Effect on Proliferation of Human Carcinoma Cell Lines

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of different olive leaf extracts (OLE) from different leaf growing stages on human carcinoma cell lines. OLE were tested in human carcinoma cell lines in vitro and cells were plated in 96-microtiter culture plates for each OLE concentration. Fresh (F) and freeze-dried (FD) leaves exhibited phenolic compounds in the range of 2.09 ± 0.10 to 8.44 ± 0.64 and 7.72 ± 0.56 to 24.65 ± 1.9 mg gallic acid equivalents/g leaves, respectively. OLE from several Portuguese olive tree cultivars were found to inhibit the growth of human carcinoma cell lines in a range of 2.09 - 8.44 μg phenolic compound/well (209 - 844 μg/ml) and 0.07 - 2.40 μg phenolic compounds/well (7 - 240 μg/ml) for fresh and freeze-dried leaves, respectively. Young (Y) leaves have revealed the highest cell growth inhibition ranging from about 95% for Cobran?osa, followed by 90% for Cobran?osa, 90% for Arbequina and 75% for Arbequina for cell lines A549, HeLa, A431 and OE21, respectively. The lowest cell growth inhibition (35%) was observed for Galega (Y) leaf extract on cell line A549. However, FD samples exhibited a distinctive pattern since cell growth inhibition was highest at highest extract dilution tested, for A431 (Galega Y) followed by A549 (Cobran?osa Y) with cell inhibition of 75% and 70%, respectively. The data presented in this work strongly suggest that OLEs inhibit the growth of human carcinoma cell lines.

线椒新品种优美墨丽的选育

优美墨丽是以自交系15DP091做母本、自交系15DP089为父本杂交选育而成的深绿皮线椒杂交1代新品种。该品种植株生长健壮,株型紧凑,茎秆粗壮,叶片深绿厚实,果实线形,青熟果深绿色,熟果红色鲜亮且不变软。顺直,肉质肥厚,辣味浓厚,坐果集中,坐果能力强。在河南早春保护地、秋延保护地种植,全生育期168 d,属中早熟线椒品种。始花节位9~10节。株高65 cm左右,株幅65~70 cm。果实长26~30 cm,果实宽1.5~2.0 cm,果肉厚度0.20 cm,心室数平均2.5个。辣椒素含量(w,后同)32.8 mg·kg^(-1),维生素C含量958 mg·kg^(-1),平均单果质量20 g,平均667 m^(2)产量2686.7 kg。抗疫病、炭疽病、中抗病毒病,耐低温耐弱光。适合河南各地早春、秋延保护地及福建、江苏、四川、云南、山东、海南早春、秋延保护地和露地种植。2018年12月通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记。

9个不同使用类型木薯品系在合浦县的适应性研究

为筛选适宜在合浦县推广的木薯品系,本研究以主栽品种‘南植199’为对照,对9个木薯新品系的生物学特性进行了观察,并测定其农艺性状和经济性状,同时进行相关性分析。结果表明,9个品系分枝角度小、块根长度适中和主茎高度中等以上;‘RC4’的块根产量显著高于对照,其余8个品系与对照差异不显著;‘RC4’等8个品系的淀粉产量高于对照;9个品系的淀粉含量高于对照,其中‘RC3’等5个品系的淀粉含量显著或极显著高于对照;9个木薯品系的直链淀粉含量显著或极显著低于对照‘;RC6’等6个品系的氢氰酸含量低于50 mg/kg。相关性分析结果表明:块根产量与生长中期株高、成熟期株高、块根直径呈极显著正相关,与茎粗呈显著正相关;淀粉含量与生长中期株高、成熟期株高、茎粗呈显著正相关;淀粉产量与生长中期株高、成熟期株高、茎粗、块根直径、块根产量呈极显著正相关,与淀粉含量呈显著正相关。综合来看,这9个木薯新品系的综合表现良好,适合在合浦县进行推广。其中‘,RC3’、‘RC4’和‘RC7’可作为加工型品系;‘RC5’和‘RC10’可作为食用品系;‘RC2’、‘RC6’、‘RC11’和‘RC12’可作为鲜食加工兼用品系;‘RC2’和‘RC5’作为食用品系具有很好的推广前景。

毛叶苕子磷获取特征及根际特性的基因型差异

毛叶苕子是我国重要的肥饲兼用绿肥作物,研究毛叶苕子磷获取特征及根际特性的基因型差异,为毛叶苕子磷高效利用提供理论支撑。在青海西宁开展盆栽试验,设置毛叶苕子品种和磷肥种类双因素,毛叶苕子品种为大田试验筛选的磷高效及磷低效品种(系)各2个,磷肥种类为过磷酸钙和磷矿粉,设置不施磷肥对照,共12个处理。盛花期测定分析毛叶苕子磷素积累量、土壤磷组分、土壤有机酸、根系酸性磷酸酶(RACP)、土壤酸性及碱性磷酸酶活性(ACP、ALP)、土壤酸性及碱性磷酸酶(phoC、phoD)基因丰度。结果显示,不同磷效率毛叶苕子品种(系)总磷吸收量和磷肥利用率分别为7.45~46.07 mg·盆^(-1)和7.12%~22.49%;磷高效品种(系)总磷吸收量和磷肥利用率均显著高于磷低效品种(系),增幅分别为0.91%~61.20%和12.52%~60.25%。相比磷低效品种(系),磷高效品种(系)提高了活性磷(labile P)和中等活性磷(moderately labile P)的比例,降低了稳定性磷(stable P)的比例,后者的活性磷和中等活性磷的比例分别是前者的6.14~26.14倍和1.04~1.54倍,前者的稳定性磷库比例是后者的2.92~7.91倍。磷高效品种(系)土壤总有机酸(TOA)、草酸(OXA)含量、RACP、ACP、ALP活性均显著高于磷低效品种(系),分别提高117.45%~254.60%、19.40%~50.75%、16.37%~146.40%、6.19%~104.19%和6.16%~35.06%。磷高效品种(系)phoC和phoD丰度分别是磷低效品种(系)的1.07~2.58倍和1.46~3.64倍。线性回归分析表明,土壤TOA、OXA、RACP、ACP与活性磷均呈显著或极显著正相关,决定系数分别为0.40、0.46、0.13、0.19;与stable P均呈显著或极显著负相关,决定系数分别为0.75、0.58、0.41和0.49。综上,磷高效毛叶苕子品种(系)活化难溶性磷的能力较强,具有更高的磷素积累量和磷肥利用率。其主要通过增加有机酸(主要是草酸)含量、磷酸酶活性、phoC和phoD基因丰度活化难溶性磷,提高土壤中活性磷和中等活性磷的比例,促进对磷的吸收利用。

食赏兼用型辣椒新品种黔辣14号的选育

黔辣14号是以胞质雄性不育系1997A为母本、恢复系6-15-3C为父本组配而成的三系杂交种。该品种始花节位24 cm,中熟,生育期180 d,果实簇生朝天,锥形,果长5.3 cm,果肩宽1.6 cm,单株结果数115个,平均单果质量5.4 g,667 m^(2)产量超过1200 kg,青熟果浅黄色,老熟果鲜红色,果色变化多样,观赏性强,可作为景观植物用于大田栽培或盆栽,适合贵州地区春季种植。

Identification of Molecular Markers for the Thinopyrum intermedium Chromosome 2Ai-2 with Resistance to Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus

The wheat_ Thinopyrum intermedium addition lines Z1,Z2 contain a pair of Th. intermedium chromosomes 2Ai_2 carrying the gene with resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was used to analyze the chromosome constitution of Z1,Z2 by using genomic DNA probes from Th. intermedium and Pseudoroegneria strigosa . The results showed that the chromosome constitution of either Z1 or Z2 composes of 42 wheat chromosomes and two Th. intermedium chromosomes (2Ai_2). The 2Ai_2 chromosome is St_E intercalary translocation, in which the E genomic chromosome segment translocated into the middle region of the long arm of chromosome belonging to St genome. With the genomic DNA probe of Ps. strigosa , the GISH pattern specific to the 2Ai_2 chromosome may be used as a molecular cytogenetic marker. A detailed RFLP analysis on Z1, Z2 and their parents was carried out by using 12 probes on the wheat group 2 chromosomes. Twenty RFLP markers specific to the 2Ai_2 chromosome were identified. Two RAPD markers of OPR16 -350 and OPH09 -1580 , specific to the 2Ai_2 chromosome, were identified from 280 RAPD primers. These molecular markers could be used to assisted_select translocation lines with small segment of the 2Ai_2 chromosome and provide tools to localize the BYDV resistance.

Genotypic and Environmental Variations of Arabinoxylan Content and Endoxylanase Activity in Barley Grains

Arabinoxylan （AX） content in barley grains is an important quality determinant when barley is used as raw material of malt or beer production. The cultivar and environmental variations of total arabinoxylan （TAX）, water extractable arabinoxylan （WEAX） and endoxylanase activity （EA） were investigated using eight barley cultivars growing at seven locations with diverse environmental conditions. The results showed that both barley cultivar and location significantly affected the TAX, WEAX and EA levels, but the variations of TAX content and EA were mainly attributed to cultivar, while the impact of location on WEAX content was greater than that of cultivar. Correlation analysis indicated that TAX was significantly correlated to WUAX.

Identification of loci and candidate genes controlling kernel weight in barley based on a population for which whole genome assemblies are available for both parents

Kernel weight(KW), together with kernel number per unit area, determines yield of cereal crops. Here,two barley recombinant inbred lines(RILs) populations with a shared parent were used to identify loci controlling KW. One is Baudin/AWCS276(BA) for which a linkage map was available. Several largeeffect QTL controlling KW were detected in this population. Another is Morex/AWCS276(MA). A linkage map with 5273 makers formed 1454 clusters, was constructed by the genotyping by sequence(GBS) data of 201 RILs from this population. A single marker was selected to represent each of the clusters and the linkage map constructed with these markers covers a total length of 1022.4 c M with an average interval of approximately 0.7 cM between loci. Three of the large-effect loci controlling KW(located on 2 HL, 6 HL,and 7 HL, respectively) identified from the BA population were also detected in the MA population under different environments. The locus on 6 HL was detected in each of the experiments conducted for both populations thus was selected for developing near isogenic lines(NILs). Apart from KW, the two isolines for each pair of the putative NILs obtained showed no significant difference for any of the morphological characteristics assessed. The average difference in KW between the isolines for all the NILs obtained was about 15% based on assessments under both glasshouse and field conditions. Taken advantage that high quality genome assemblies for both Morex and AWCS276 are available, we identified candidate genes underlying two of the three loci based on an orthologous analysis. The NILs developed and the candidate genes identified in this study should facilitate the cloning and functional analysis of genes regulating KW in barley.

A major quantitative trait locus controlling phosphorus utilization efficiency under different phytate-P conditions at vegetative stage in barley

Organic phosphorus（P） is an important component of the soil P pool, and it has been proven to be a potential source of P for plants. The phosphorus utilization efficiency（PUE） and PUE related traits（tiller number（TN）, shoot dry weight（DW）, and root dry weight） under different phytate-P conditions（low phytate-P, 0.05 mmol L^-1 and normal phytate-P, 0.5 mmol L^-1） were investigated using a population consisting of 128 recombinant inbred lines（RILs） at the vegetative stage in barley. The population was derived from a cross between a P-inefficient genotype（Baudin） and a P-efficient genotype（CN4027, a Hordeum spontaneum accession）. A major locus（designated Qpue.sau-3 H） conferring PUE was detected in shoots and roots from the RIL population. The quantitative trait locus（QTL） was mapped on chromosome 3 H and the allele from CN4027 confers high PUE. This locus explained up to 30.3 and 28.4% of the phenotypic variance in shoots under low and normal phytate-P conditions, respectively. It also explains 28.3 and 30.7% of the phenotypic variation in root under the low and normal phytate-P conditions, respectively. Results from this study also showed that TN was not correlated with PUE, and a QTL controlling TN was detected on chromosome 5 H. However, dry weight（DW） was significantly and positively correlated with PUE, and a QTL controlling DW was detected near the Qpue.sau-3 H locus. Based on a covariance analysis, existing data indicated that, although DW may affect PUE, different genes at this locus are likely involved in controlling these two traits.

Important Quality Attributes of Malt Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.):Effect of Genetics,Environments and Agronomic Factors

Barley has been in use as food and fodder for thousands of years. and also used currently as the most important raw material in malting and brewing. The quality of malt barley is not much satisfied with the requirement by malting and brewing industry worldwide, although the great effort has been devoted to its improvement through breeding and agronomy. The quality of malt barley is involved in many physical and chemical traits, including hydrolytic enzymes. Of them, kernel protein content, beta-amylase activity, beta-glucan content and kernel plumpness have dramatic influence on malting or brewing quality. The expression of these quality parameters varies greatly in genotypes and is easily changed by diverse environments and agronomic practices. This paper reviewed the important role of various parameters influencing the quality of malt barley and the effect of different factors on them.