Of 350 million people worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus(HBV)and are at risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)later in life.HBV is the most diverse DNA virus,and its geno...Of 350 million people worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus(HBV)and are at risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)later in life.HBV is the most diverse DNA virus,and its genome is composed of four open reading frames:Presurface antigen/surface antigen gene(preS/S),precore/core gene(preC/C),polymerase gene(P),and theχgene(χ).HBV produces quasispecies naturally or in response to antiviral agents because of the absence of proofreading activity amid reverse transcription and a high replication rate.The virus has 10 genotypes(A to J)with different geographical distributions.There are various HBV mutations in the HBV genome,including preC/C mutations,preS/S mutations,P gene mutations,andχgene mutations.The core promoter region plays a vital part in the replication,morphogenesis and pathogenesis of the virus.The precore region also plays a crucial role in viral replication.Both core promoter and precore mutations rescue the virus from host immune surveillance and result in the formation of mutated strains that may have altered pathogenicity.preC/C mutations are associated with liver disease progression.Precore mutations stop hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)production and basal core promoter mutations downregulate HBeAg production.Mutations in the basal core promoter are also associated with increased HBV replication and an increased incidence of advanced liver diseases such as cirrhosis and HCC.The emergence of antiviral-resistant mutations is the main reason for treatment failure.This review focuses mainly on preC/C promoter mutations and their correlation with genotypes and liver disease severity.Thorough perception and knowledge of HBV genetic variety and mutants could be vital to discover techniques for the prognosis and control of HBV infection.展开更多
目的探讨慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染者前核心区(precore,PC)和基本核心启动子(basalcore promoter,BCP)变异特点以及变异株血清乙肝病毒e抗原(hepatitis B e antigen,HBeAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗原(hepatitis B surface a...目的探讨慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染者前核心区(precore,PC)和基本核心启动子(basalcore promoter,BCP)变异特点以及变异株血清乙肝病毒e抗原(hepatitis B e antigen,HBeAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙肝病毒脱氧核酸(HBV-DNA)检测的临床意义。方法采集138例慢性HBV感染者清晨空腹血,以免疫化学发光法检测血清HBeAg、HBsAg,并同时采用磁珠法检测HBV-DNA,应用半巢式聚合酶链反应检测PC/BCP区基因突变。结果 101例未经抗病毒治疗的慢性HBV感染者中,HBeAg阴性组PC、BCP、PC+BCP变异率高于HBeAg阳性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。37例服用核苷类药物一年以上组PC、BCP、PC+BCP检出率要高于未经抗病毒治疗的HBeAg阳性HBV感染者组(P<0.05)。HBeAg阴性HBV感染患者其PC、BCP和PC+BCP的变异率随着病程的增加而增加(P<0.01)。PC、BCP和PC+BCP变异株组与野生株比较,慢性HBV感染者HBeAg含量减少(P<0.05),DNA复制活跃、HBsAg含量增加(P<0.01)。结论变异的发生使HBeAg阴性的慢性HBV感染患者越来越多,服用核苷类抗病毒药物和长的疾病病程可能是变异相关因素。对于HBeAg阴转的慢性HBV感染患者观察DNA、HBsAg含量,可了解体内病毒是否确实已被免疫清除。展开更多
目的了解内江市东兴区乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)慢性感染者中的HBV基因型和基本核心启动子(basal core promoter,BCP)、前C(Precore,PC)区变异。方法从慢性HBV感染者血清标本中提取病毒DNA,进行核苷酸测序,构建进化树确定基...目的了解内江市东兴区乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)慢性感染者中的HBV基因型和基本核心启动子(basal core promoter,BCP)、前C(Precore,PC)区变异。方法从慢性HBV感染者血清标本中提取病毒DNA,进行核苷酸测序,构建进化树确定基因型,分析BCP和前C区位点变异。结果S基因序列进化树分析显示,64份标本为B基因型,7份为C基因型,1份为I基因型;获取的53份BCP和PC序列标本中,25份标本发生A1762T/G1764A或G1896A变异;7份C基因型标本中6份发生A1762T/G1764A变异;B基因型标本以G1896A变异为主,并与A1762T/G1764A联合变异,HBeAg阳性组和阴性组之间G1896A和A1762T/G1764A变异率有差异(P均<0.05)。其他包括HBeAg前体启动子变异、1846位点核苷酸缺失等。结论内江市东兴区慢性HBV感染者以B基因型感染为主,1例为I基因型。B基因型HBV以G1896A变异最常见,并与A1762T/G1764A联合变异,C基因型HBV更容易发生A1762T/G1764A变异;BCP区的A1762T/G1764A变异和PC区的G1896A变异与疾病严重程度、肝硬化和肝癌发生相关。通过对HBV基因型和变异分析,能为病情诊断和治疗提供帮助。展开更多
文摘Of 350 million people worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus(HBV)and are at risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)later in life.HBV is the most diverse DNA virus,and its genome is composed of four open reading frames:Presurface antigen/surface antigen gene(preS/S),precore/core gene(preC/C),polymerase gene(P),and theχgene(χ).HBV produces quasispecies naturally or in response to antiviral agents because of the absence of proofreading activity amid reverse transcription and a high replication rate.The virus has 10 genotypes(A to J)with different geographical distributions.There are various HBV mutations in the HBV genome,including preC/C mutations,preS/S mutations,P gene mutations,andχgene mutations.The core promoter region plays a vital part in the replication,morphogenesis and pathogenesis of the virus.The precore region also plays a crucial role in viral replication.Both core promoter and precore mutations rescue the virus from host immune surveillance and result in the formation of mutated strains that may have altered pathogenicity.preC/C mutations are associated with liver disease progression.Precore mutations stop hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)production and basal core promoter mutations downregulate HBeAg production.Mutations in the basal core promoter are also associated with increased HBV replication and an increased incidence of advanced liver diseases such as cirrhosis and HCC.The emergence of antiviral-resistant mutations is the main reason for treatment failure.This review focuses mainly on preC/C promoter mutations and their correlation with genotypes and liver disease severity.Thorough perception and knowledge of HBV genetic variety and mutants could be vital to discover techniques for the prognosis and control of HBV infection.
文摘目的探讨慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染者前核心区(precore,PC)和基本核心启动子(basalcore promoter,BCP)变异特点以及变异株血清乙肝病毒e抗原(hepatitis B e antigen,HBeAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙肝病毒脱氧核酸(HBV-DNA)检测的临床意义。方法采集138例慢性HBV感染者清晨空腹血,以免疫化学发光法检测血清HBeAg、HBsAg,并同时采用磁珠法检测HBV-DNA,应用半巢式聚合酶链反应检测PC/BCP区基因突变。结果 101例未经抗病毒治疗的慢性HBV感染者中,HBeAg阴性组PC、BCP、PC+BCP变异率高于HBeAg阳性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。37例服用核苷类药物一年以上组PC、BCP、PC+BCP检出率要高于未经抗病毒治疗的HBeAg阳性HBV感染者组(P<0.05)。HBeAg阴性HBV感染患者其PC、BCP和PC+BCP的变异率随着病程的增加而增加(P<0.01)。PC、BCP和PC+BCP变异株组与野生株比较,慢性HBV感染者HBeAg含量减少(P<0.05),DNA复制活跃、HBsAg含量增加(P<0.01)。结论变异的发生使HBeAg阴性的慢性HBV感染患者越来越多,服用核苷类抗病毒药物和长的疾病病程可能是变异相关因素。对于HBeAg阴转的慢性HBV感染患者观察DNA、HBsAg含量,可了解体内病毒是否确实已被免疫清除。
文摘目的了解内江市东兴区乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)慢性感染者中的HBV基因型和基本核心启动子(basal core promoter,BCP)、前C(Precore,PC)区变异。方法从慢性HBV感染者血清标本中提取病毒DNA,进行核苷酸测序,构建进化树确定基因型,分析BCP和前C区位点变异。结果S基因序列进化树分析显示,64份标本为B基因型,7份为C基因型,1份为I基因型;获取的53份BCP和PC序列标本中,25份标本发生A1762T/G1764A或G1896A变异;7份C基因型标本中6份发生A1762T/G1764A变异;B基因型标本以G1896A变异为主,并与A1762T/G1764A联合变异,HBeAg阳性组和阴性组之间G1896A和A1762T/G1764A变异率有差异(P均<0.05)。其他包括HBeAg前体启动子变异、1846位点核苷酸缺失等。结论内江市东兴区慢性HBV感染者以B基因型感染为主,1例为I基因型。B基因型HBV以G1896A变异最常见,并与A1762T/G1764A联合变异,C基因型HBV更容易发生A1762T/G1764A变异;BCP区的A1762T/G1764A变异和PC区的G1896A变异与疾病严重程度、肝硬化和肝癌发生相关。通过对HBV基因型和变异分析,能为病情诊断和治疗提供帮助。