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Specifications and Quality of Lube Oil Base Stocks in China 被引量:1
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作者 WangPing 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2004年第2期21-27,共7页
The Chinese standard Q/SHR001-95 for base stocks is compared with the APIspecifications. The viscosity-temperature characteristics of base stock required by lube oil in useand market demand on oil quality are analyzed... The Chinese standard Q/SHR001-95 for base stocks is compared with the APIspecifications. The viscosity-temperature characteristics of base stock required by lube oil in useand market demand on oil quality are analyzed. The quality indicators of base stocks in China andother countries are compared. A new classification of base stocks in response to the requirements ofmodern lube oil is proposed and the research on new technology to produce premium base stocksmeeting API specification is recommended on the basis of current base stock processing technology. 展开更多
关键词 base stock SPECIFICATIONS technology multigrade oil
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Elastohydrodynamic lubrication properties and friction behaviors of several ester base stocks 被引量:4
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作者 Yifeng HE Thomas J.ZOLPER +6 位作者 Pinzhi LIU Yuzhen ZHAO Xingliang HE Xuejin SHEN Hongwei SUN Qinghua DUAN Qian WANG 《Friction》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第3期243-255,共13页
This paper reports a series of studies on the lubricant properties,elastohydrodynamic film thickness,and coefficients of friction of several commercially available ester base stocks,i.e.,diisooctyl phthalate(DIOP),dii... This paper reports a series of studies on the lubricant properties,elastohydrodynamic film thickness,and coefficients of friction of several commercially available ester base stocks,i.e.,diisooctyl phthalate(DIOP),diisodecyl phthalate(DIDP),diisotridecyl phthalate(DITDP),diisooctyl sebacate(DOS),diisotridecyl sebacate(DTDS),trihydroxymethylpropyl trioleate(TMPTO),and pentaerythritol tetraoleate(PETO).The results include densities and viscosities from 303 to 398 K,and elastohydrodynamic lubricant film thicknesses and friction in the boundary,mixed and full-film lubrication regimes measured at several temperatures,loads,and speeds.These ester base stocks have different lubrication abilities owing to their chain lengths,geometric configurations,and molecular rigidity.This study provides quantitative insight into the use of ester-based lubricants for low friction through the entire lubrication regime(boundary to full film)by utilization of suitable type and size of the ester base stocks. 展开更多
关键词 ESTER VISCOSITY elastohydrodynamic lubrication FRICTION synthetic base stocks
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Molecular Simulation of Chain Initiation Mechanism in Oxidation of Lubricant Base Stock
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作者 Xia Lei Li Yan +2 位作者 Zhang Hongmei Jiang Zhengyi Long Jun 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2021年第4期105-112,共8页
Chain initiation reactions in the oxidation process of lubricant base stock molecules were studied by molecular simulations.Two ways to initiate lubricant oxidation were investigated.They included the dissociation of ... Chain initiation reactions in the oxidation process of lubricant base stock molecules were studied by molecular simulations.Two ways to initiate lubricant oxidation were investigated.They included the dissociation of chemical bonds in base stock molecules and the reaction between base stock molecules and oxygen(O_(2)),respectively.Reaction activation energy of above methods was calculated.The results show that C‒C bonds are more likely to break than C‒H bonds to generate free radicals by the pyrolysis of chemical bonds.The C‒C bonds with tertiary carbon atoms are preferential positions to crack.However,their bond dissociation energy is above 360 kJ/mol,which is difficult to occur under lubricant working conditions.The chain initiation is more likely to occur by the way that O_(2) attacks the two atoms in C‒H bonds at the same time,and is then embedded into the C‒H bond to produce hydrocarbon peroxides.And then,the O‒O bond is cracked to form hydroxyl radicals and alkoxy radicals.The C‒H bonds with tertiary carbon atoms are preferential reaction sites,the reaction activation energy of which is about 190.11 kJ/mol. 展开更多
关键词 molecular simulation lubricant base stock OXIDATION chain initiation
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A Novel Radial Basis Function Neural Network Approach for ECG Signal Classification
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作者 S.Sathishkumar R.Devi Priya 《Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing》 SCIE 2023年第1期129-148,共20页
ions in the ECG signal.The cardiologist and medical specialistfind numerous difficulties in the process of traditional approaches.The specified restrictions are eliminated in the proposed classifier.The fundamental ai... ions in the ECG signal.The cardiologist and medical specialistfind numerous difficulties in the process of traditional approaches.The specified restrictions are eliminated in the proposed classifier.The fundamental aim of this work is tofind the R-R interval.To analyze the blockage,different approaches are implemented,which make the computation as facile with high accuracy.The information are recovered from the MIT-BIH dataset.The retrieved data contain normal and pathological ECG signals.To obtain a noiseless signal,Gaborfilter is employed and to compute the amplitude of the signal,DCT-DOST(Discrete cosine based Discrete orthogonal stock well transform)is implemented.The amplitude is computed to detect the cardiac abnormality.The R peak of the underlying ECG signal is noted and the segment length of the ECG cycle is identified.The Genetic algorithm(GA)retrieves the primary highlights and the classifier integrates the data with the chosen attributes to optimize the identification.In addition,the GA helps in performing hereditary calculations to reduce the problem of multi-target enhancement.Finally,the RBFNN(Radial basis function neural network)is applied,which diminishes the local minima present in the signal.It shows enhancement in characterizing the ordinary and anomalous ECG signals. 展开更多
关键词 Electrocardiogram signal gaborfilter discrete cosine based discrete orthogonal stock well transform genetic algorithm radial basis function neural network
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Oligomerization of 1-Decene: Catalyzation by Immobilized AlCl_3/γ-Al_2O_3 Catalyst in Fixed-bed Reactor 被引量:7
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作者 Li Deng Shen Benxian Sun Hui 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2014年第3期50-55,共6页
1-Decene was oligomerized over the supported AlCl3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of temperature and LHSV on oligomerization of 1-decene were investigated and the synthetic PAO was characterized... 1-Decene was oligomerized over the supported AlCl3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of temperature and LHSV on oligomerization of 1-decene were investigated and the synthetic PAO was characterized with GC technique. Furthermore, the life of immobilized catalyst was tested and the mechanism of catalyst deactivation was discussed. The results showed that with an increasing temperature, the PAO yield increased and the kinematic viscosity of oil decreased. The GC results indicated that the synthesized PAO was a mixture consisting of dimers, trimers, tetramers and pentamers. The results of chloride content measurements and BET tests showed that catalyst deactivation could be mainly attributed to the loss of active components. 展开更多
关键词 poly-alpha-olefins 1-DECENE AlCl3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst OLIGOMERIZATION lubricant base stocks
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Synthesis of Polyalphaolefins on AlCl_3/TiCl_4 Catalyst 被引量:1
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作者 Yu Xiaoqiao Shen Benxian +3 位作者 Yang Lan Liu Lei Sun Hui Liu Jichang 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2012年第2期55-59,共5页
The oligomerzation reactions on different catalysts were investigated and discussed. 1-Octene, 1-decene, 1-do- decene, a mixture of olefins (with a mass ratio of w(l-octene): w(1-decenc):w(1-dodecene) equatin... The oligomerzation reactions on different catalysts were investigated and discussed. 1-Octene, 1-decene, 1-do- decene, a mixture of olefins (with a mass ratio of w(l-octene): w(1-decenc):w(1-dodecene) equating to 30:40:30), and the products from paraffin cracking were oligomerized on the AlCl3/TiC14 catalyst. The results indicated that the AlCl3 catalyst led to severe coking reaction. With an increase in carbon number of alpha-olefins, the freezing point of oligomers increased and the kinematic viscosity decreased. The oligomers formed from the mixed olefins and the paraffin cracking products showed higher kinematic viscosity. Normal paraffins contained in the cracked products could increase the freezing point of oligomers. Furthermore, the distillation range of oligomers obtained from the cracked products was close to those of oligo- mers originated from 1-octene and 1-decene, while the oligomers obtained from the mixed olefins and 1-dodecene had simi- lar distillation ranges. 展开更多
关键词 poly-alpha-olefins AlCl3 catalyst AlCl3/TiCl4 catalyst lubricant base stocks OLIGOMERIZATION
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Simulation of Shipping Size Effects for Transportationand Oder Quantity in a Supply Chain
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作者 EunSu Lee Kambiz Farahmand 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2013年第5期633-644,共12页
This paper investigated the interaction effects between inventory and transportation strategies in the logistics network. Demand volumes and shipping sizes were simulated as part of a new conceptual model using a disc... This paper investigated the interaction effects between inventory and transportation strategies in the logistics network. Demand volumes and shipping sizes were simulated as part of a new conceptual model using a discrete event simulation by minimizing the total logistics cost in the supply chain. The experiments indicate that the full truckload scenario leads to cost efficiency and the larger demand size results in smaller cost per unit based on economies of scale. Considering the interaction effects, demand size has a greater impact on cost reduction than shipping size. The total logistics cost in the system is dependent on replenishment rate and flow rates from the higher to the lower echelon. High inventory cost is the result of a fast replenishment rate and frequent orders, while shipping cost is dependent on the flow rates in a process and total travelling time or total travelling distance. Shipping size also has an impact on the level of service and the total cost along with effective order variability. 展开更多
关键词 base stock inventory truck load logistics and transportation.
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