High Lattice Match Growth of InAsSb Based Materials by Molecular Beam Epitaxy

High lattice match growth of InAsSb based materials on GaSb substrates is demonstrated. The present results indicate that a stable substrate temperature and the optimal flux ratios are of critical importance in achieving a homogeneous InAsSb based material composition throughout the growth period. The quality of these epilayers is assessed using a high-resolution x-ray diffraction and atomic force microscope. The mismatch between the GaSb substrate and InAsSb alloy achieves almost zero, and the rms surface roughness of InAsSb alloy achieves around 1.7A over an area of 28μm × 28μm. At the same time, the mismatches between GaSb and InAs/InAs0.73Sb0.27 superlattices （SLs） achieve approximately 100 arcsec （75 periods） and zero （300 periods）, with the surface rms roughnesses of InAs/InAs0.73Sb0.27 SLs around 1.8 A （75 periods） and 2.1A （300 periods） over an area of 20 μm×20 μm, respectively. After fabrication and characterization of the devices, the dynamic resistance of the n-barrier-n InAsSb photodetector near zero bias is of the order of 10^6Ω·cm^2. At 77K, the positive-intrinsic-negative photodetectors are demonstrated in InAsSb and InAs/InAsSb SL （75 periods） materials, exhibiting fifty-percent cutoff wavelengths of 3.8μm and 5.1μm, respectively.

Beam-based optimization of SwissFEL low-level RF system

Swiss FEL is a free electron laser(FEL) under commissioning at the Paul Scherrer Institut(PSI) in Switzerland. Digital low-level RF(LLRF) systems are used in Swiss FEL to control more than 30 RF stations with either standing wave cavities(e.g. RF gun) or travelling wave structures working at different frequencies. After conditioned to desired power levels, the RF stations need to be setup for beam operation and the LLRF parameters need to be optimized for maximizing the beam stability. Several beam-based algorithms were developed to facilitate the setup, calibration and optimization of the Swiss FEL RF stations for beam operation. The algorithms were implemented as automation procedures in the framework of Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System(EPICS) and were used in commissioning and daily operation of Swiss FEL. In this paper, the algorithms and the implementation will be introduced together with the test results during the commissioning of SwissFEL.

Effect of cooling rate on the microstructure of electron beam welded joints of two-phase TiAl-based alloy

The analysis of the microstructural characterization and phase composition of electron beam welded joint zones of Ti- 43Al-9V-O. 3Y alloy has been done in this study. The welded seam is mainly composed of B2 phase, the partial γ ＋ α2 twophase lamellar structure and granular γm phase. And the lanthanon Y existed as YAl2 phase and served as grain refined. The impact of different cooling rates on joint microstructure, fracture characteristic and tensile strength were investigated. The high cooling rate restrained the structural transformation and resulted in the ordering structure. The fracture of the joint was brittle cleavage fracture because the ordering structure went against restraining the crack propagation. With the decrease of cooling rate, the transformation amounts of lamellar structure increased, and the fracture presented the layered and crosslayered characteristic.

Coupled flapwise-chordwise-axial-torsional dynamic responses of rotating pre-twisted and inclined cantilever beams subject to the base excitation

A rotating pre-twisted and inclined cantilever beam model (RPICBM) with the flapwise-chordwise-axial-torsional coupling is established with the Hamilton principle and the finite element (FE) method. The effectiveness of the model is verified via comparisons with the literatures and the FE models in ANSYS. The effects of the setting and pre-twisted angles on the dynamic responses of the RPICBM are analyzed. The results show that:(i) the increase in the setting or pre-twisted angle results in the increases in the first-order flapwise and torsional frequencies while the decrease in the first-order chordwise frequency under rotating conditions;(ii) a positive/negative setting angle leads to a positive/negative constant component, while a positive/negative pre-twisted angle leads to a negative/positive constant component;(iii) when the rotation speed is non-zero, the pre-twisted angle or non-zero setting angle will result in the coupled flapwise-chordwiseaxial- torsional vibration of the RPICBM under axial base excitation.

Methods of measurement for the beam-based alignment System in HLS

The beam-based alignment system is given in HLS (Hefei Light Source), in which a switchable shunt resistorwas installed on quadrupole to bypass a small percentage of the magnet current. The system can measureBPM-to-quadrupole offset which can be used to position the beam in the magnetic center of quadrupoles. In measurement,some methods ( linear fitting with single corrector, parabola fitting with single corrector, linear fitting withlocal bump, and parabola fitting with local bump ) are used. These measurement results are given, and comparedamong the methods mentioned above.

Preliminary Studies on Base Substitutions and Repair of DNA Mismatch Damage Stimulated by Low Energy N^+ Ion Beam Implantation in Escherichia coli

Ever since the low energy N+ ion beam has been accepted that the mutation effects of ionizing radiation are attributed mainly to direct or indirect damage to DNA. Evidences based on naked DNA irradiation in support of a mutation spectrum appears to be consistent, but direct proof of such results in vivo are limited. Using mutS, dam and/or dcm defective Eschericha coli imitator strains, an preliminary experimental system on induction of in vivo mutation spectra of low energy N+ ion beam has been established in this study. It was observed that the mutation rates of rifampicin resistance induced by N+ implantation were quite high, ranging from 9.2 x 10~8 to 4.9× 10~5 at the dosage of 5.2×1014 ions/cm2. Strains all had more than 90-fold higher mutation rate than its spontaneous mutation rate determined by this method. It reveals that base substitutions involve in induction of mutation of low energy nitrogen ion beam implantation. The mutation rates of mutator strains were nearly 500-fold (GM2929), 400-fold (GM5864) and 6-fold larger than that of AB1157. The GM2929 and GM5864 both lose the ability of repair DNA mismatch damage by virtue of both dam and dcm pathways defective (GM2929) or failing to assemble the repair complex (GM5864) respectively. It may explain the both strains had a similar higher mutation rate than GM124 did. It indicated that DNA cytosine methylase might play an important role in mismatch repair of DNA damage induced by N+ implantation. The further related research were also discussed.

Comparison of blue–green response between transmission-mode GaAsP-and GaAs-based photocathodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy

In order to develop the photodetector for effective blue-green response, the 18-mm-diameter vacuum image tube combined with the transmission-mode Alo.7Gao.3Aso.9Po.1/GaAso.9Po.1 photocathode grown by molecular beam epitaxy is tentatively fabricated. A comparison of photoelectric property, spectral characteristic and performance parameter be- tween the transmission-mode GaAsP-based and blue-extended GaAs-based photocathodes shows that the GaAsP-based photocathode possesses better absorption and higher quantum efficiency in the blue-green waveband, combined with a larger surface electron escape probability. Especially, the quantum efficiency at 532 nm for the GaAsP-based photocathode achieves as high as 59%, nearly twice that for the blue-extended GaAs-based one, which would be more conducive to the underwater range-gated imaging based on laser illumination. Moreover, the simulation results show that the favorable blue-green response can be achieved by optimizing the emission-layer thickness in a range of 0.4 μm-0.6 μm.

Gradient-based optimization method for producing a contoured beam with single-fed reflector antenna

A gradient-based optimization method for producing a contoured beam by using a single-fed reflector antenna is presented. First, a quick and accurate pattern approximation formula based on physical optics(PO) is adopted to calculate the gradients of the directivity with respect to reflector's nodal displacements. Because the approximation formula is a linear function of nodal displacements, the gradient can be easily derived. Then, the method of the steepest descent is adopted, and an optimization iteration procedure is proposed. The iteration procedure includes two loops: an inner loop and an outer loop. In the inner loop, the gradient and pattern are calculated by matrix operation, which is very fast by using the pre-calculated data in the outer loop. In the outer loop, the ideal terms used in the inner loop to calculate the gradient and pattern are updated, and the real pattern is calculated by the PO method. Due to the high approximation accuracy, when the outer loop is performed once, the inner loop can be performed many times, which will save much time because the integration is replaced by matrix operation. In the end, a contoured beam covering the continental United States(CONUS) is designed, and simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Efficient Reliability-Based Optimization Scheme for Piezoelectric Composite Beams with Delamination under Axial Compression

An efficient computational framework for reliability analysis and reliability-based design optimization of piezoelectric composite beam with delamination is presented.In the proposed approach,the transverse shear deformation,delamination and piezoelectricity of the beam are taken into account.By introducing the Heaviside step function into the displacement components and using the Rayleigh-Ritz method,and the buckling governing equations for the piezoelectric composite beams is obtained.The reliability of the beams is obtained by integrating the support vector machine method and first order reliability method,further the reliability-based optimization is executed through employing genetic algorithm.The effects of ply style,delamination length and voltage are discussed in details.Numerical results indicate that the comprehensive computational scheme provides a unified numerical framework to analysis the nondeterministic buckling and reliability efficiently.

功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构研究进展

钢筋混凝土柱-钢梁(RCS)混合框架结构以其结合了混凝土优异的抗压性能及钢材优异的抗弯性能而受到广泛关注,而可恢复功能结构以其震后快速恢复使用功能的能力,也成为地震工程界研究的新热点。功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构可以在弯矩较大的梁端和柱脚部位设置可更换构件,实现结构的功能可恢复能力。文中简述了近年来功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构研究进展,重点关注各类型功能可恢复钢梁、功能可恢复摇摆柱脚的构造研究,介绍了功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构性能分析研究进展。最后,对功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构仍需深入研究的问题进行了展望。

耳蜗神经交替声束治疗联合基于互联网的认知行为治疗对慢性特发性耳鸣的疗效研究

目的评估运用耳蜗神经交替声束治疗(CeAABT)联合基于互联网的认知行为疗法(iCBT)对慢性特发性耳鸣的有效性。方法选取诊断为慢性特发性耳鸣的患者112例随机分为2组,iCBT(56例)采取iCBT治疗,CeAABT联合iCBT组(56例)在iCBT的基础上给予CeAABT,连续治疗12周,观察2组治疗前后耳鸣残疾量表(THI)、视觉模拟量表(VAS)和耳鸣响度评分的变化情况。结果治疗后,2组患者的THI、VAS、耳鸣响度评分都出现了明显的降低,与同组治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),且CeAABT联合iCBT组THI评分(35.34±7.51)分、VAS评分(3.38±1.34)分、耳鸣响度评分(34.53±5.77)分比iCBT组[(40.13±10.95)(3.91±1.38)(39.39±6.92)分]更低,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论CeAABT联合iCBT可以有效地降低患者的耳鸣响度和由耳鸣带来的负面情绪,能提高慢性耳鸣患者的生活质量,是一种简便安全的耳鸣治疗方法,值得进一步研究和推广。

基础激励下裂纹梁结构疲劳寿命预测模型

为了发展基于模型的裂纹梁结构疲劳寿命预测方法,提出了一种新的三维裂纹梁单元刚度矩阵。基于该刚度矩阵,建立基础激励下裂纹梁结构的三维有限元模型。推导三维裂纹梁单元的应力强度因子,建立三维裂纹梁单元的疲劳裂纹扩展模型。采用振动响应与裂纹扩展增量交互计算方法,计算循环载荷作用下裂纹梁结构的疲劳寿命。研究结果表明:裂纹梁结构寿命预测模型较好地体现了疲劳裂纹扩展寿命与基础激励参数、结构参数和裂纹参数之间的内在关系,反映了基础激励对裂纹梁结构疲劳寿命的影响。最后通过实验对模型进行了验证。

考虑轴力与底板约束的埋入式钢柱脚刚度模型

为准确预测埋入式(特别是浅埋)钢柱脚节点的初始转动刚度,将柱脚的埋入段简化为地基梁,基于初参数法完善考虑轴力影响的Winkler地基上的Timoshenko梁理论,提出受锚栓和混凝土约束的柱脚底板转动刚度的计算方法,进而建立可以综合反映柱脚埋深、埋入段剪切变形、钢柱轴力、底板约束影响的埋入式钢柱脚转动刚度模型。基于已验证的有限元模型进行参数分析,研究埋深比、轴力和锚栓布置对柱脚转动刚度的影响。与有限元结果的对比表明,提出的刚度模型较过往文献中理论模型具有更高的精度和更好的适用性,尤其是对于埋深比为0.5~1.5的浅埋柱脚节点。理论与有限元结果表明:埋深比较小时,柱脚转动刚度随埋深比的增加快速增大,而埋深比增加到一定程度后,其对转动刚度几乎无影响;柱脚转动刚度随钢柱轴压力增加呈增大的趋势;对于浅埋柱脚节点,底板约束对其转动刚度的影响较大,而随着埋深的增大,其影响逐渐减小;底板转动约束对埋深比小于1.5的节点刚度具有显著影响,当埋深比增大至2.5,其影响可以忽略。

基于纤维梁柱单元的墩柱弹塑性性能数值分析模型

基于OpenSees开源平台,采用基于位移的纤维梁柱单元和零长度单元,建立了考虑钢筋混凝土墩柱塑性弯曲变形和粘结滑移效应的滞回推覆(Pushover)分析有限元模型,分析了塑性铰区单元长度对墩柱弹塑性性能数值模拟结果的影响,探讨了单元长度的合理取值,最后,基于美国PEER结构试验数据库中3个弯曲破坏的钢筋混凝土悬臂墩的拟静力试验结果,验证了数值模型的正确性。结果表明:采用基于位移的梁柱单元模拟钢筋混凝土墩柱弹塑性性能时,塑性铰区单元长度对其最大水平抗力和位移延性都有显著的影响;合理单元长度为等效塑性铰长度,而等效塑性铰长度可以采用Priestley等提出的经验公式计算。

不同电子束焊接参数对GH4169和IC10镍基高温合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用电子束焊接对GH4169和IC10异种镍基高温合金进行了焊接实验,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜等对电子束焊接接头进行组织观察,并分析了镍基高温合金的力学性能。结果表明,通过电子束焊接可以得到无明显焊接缺陷的接头;焊缝区由枝状晶和等轴晶构成,且熔合区附近富集大量柱状晶,垂直于熔合线朝着焊缝中心生长;焊接后,GH4169和IC10母材中主要第二相为δ-Ni_(3)Nb相;100 kV加速电压焊接后,焊缝区平均显微硬度为235 HV,150 kV加速电压焊接后焊缝区平均显微硬度为225 HV,2个参数下焊缝区平均显微硬度均高于两端母材区,两端母材越靠近焊缝,由于热影响区的存在,硬度都有提高趋势。

电子束熔丝沉积镍基高温合金组织演变及力学性能研究

电子束熔丝沉积技术因其材料利用率高、高能量密度和高真空环境等在航空航天等领域得到广泛应用。以GH4169镍基高温合金为研究对象,开展电子束熔丝沉积实验,利用SEM、TEM和XRD等表征手段对显微组织进行分析。同时,在室温下对沉积态试样进行力学性能测试,以研究沉积过程中微观组织演变及其对力学性能的影响。研究发现,沉积过程中元素偏析导致Laves相沿枝晶间析出,热循环引起的热累积导致γ″相在Laves相周围析出。在加载阶段,硬脆的Laves相破碎形成裂纹源,断裂模式为微孔聚集型断裂。

工程轮胎充气作业防护装置设计与应用

针对工程机械轮胎体积大、轮胎充气压力高、发生爆炸危害性极大的特征,提出一种工程轮胎充气作业防护装置,阐述了其结构、工作原理、使用方法,给出了设计安装要点。

矿用掩护式液压支架的结构优化研究

为进一步探究煤矿用液压支架可能的优化路径,以部分煤矿企业应用较多的ZY7200-18-40D型掩护式液压支架为研究对象,应用有限元分析方法对其进行建模分析,通过分析应力分布情况,明确该液压支架在设计方面存在的待改进之处,并应用多变量遗传算法,对该设备的顶梁和底座相关参数进行针对性的优化设计。从优化前后的对比分析结果来看,优化后的掩护式液压支架在应力分布情况上得以显著改善,证明此次优化方案发挥了一定的作用。

提高超限梁模架体系搭设合格率的探究——以某项目塔楼转换层施工为例

某项目前期施工完成的1#塔楼转换层高大模板支模加固体系搭设合格率为86.07%。通过现场调查统计分析,架体立杆搭设间距不满足要求、梁侧模板主楞加固间距过大这两个问题出现频率较高,是影响合格率的症结。针对这两个主要影响因素,施工方制定相应整改措施,超限梁模架体系搭设合格率大幅提升。

连柱摇摆钢支撑抗震性能研究

为了提高连柱摇摆钢支撑的耗能能力,提出了支撑跨柱脚采用开椭圆孔截面的新型构造措施。采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立连柱摇摆钢支撑框架结构模型,进行了低周往复加载,对比分析了耗能连梁长度、框架跨度、框架高度等不同设计参数对结构抗震性能的影响。分析结果表明:连柱摇摆钢支撑主要由耗能连梁及耗能柱脚进入塑性来耗散能量,结构具有合理的破坏模式;连柱摇摆钢支撑结构具有较好的耗能能力,滞回曲线为饱满的梭形;结构的极限承载能力随着耗能连梁长度的增加呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,结构的累积滞回耗能能力也逐渐降低;耗能连梁应宜采用剪切屈服型,建议耗能连梁长度的取值范围为(1.2~1.5)Mp/Vp;增大框架跨度和减小框架高度等可以显著提升结构的耗能能力、刚度和承载能力。基于小变形假定和虚功原理,分析了连柱摇摆钢支撑结构在极限状态的典型屈服机制,推导出极限承载力计算公式,与有限元计算结果比较吻合,验证了公式的合理性,可为工程应用提供参考。