New Insights into the Depositional Environments of Ordovician Carbonate Formations in the Yubei Area of Tarim Basin Based on Standard Microfacies Types

Objective The Yubei area is located in the mid-east Maigaiti slope of southwestern Tarim Basin, China, with an exploration history of several years. Recent exploration has preliminarily indicated that the Ordovician carbonate formations in this area have some oil and gas potential. Carbonate microfacies provides material basis for reservoir development, seal formation and hydrocarbon generation. Therefore, this work utilized the standard microfacies （SMF） types to study the microfacies of the Ordovician formations in the Yubei area in order to provide theoretical basis for the next exploration.

Pollutant emission reduction effect through effluent tax,concentration-based effluent standard,or both

There are numerous studies comparing different kinds of environmental taxes and standards.However,forms of environmental standards focused by former researchers are usually quantitybased limits/standards(e.g.pounds per day or pounds per unit of output).Concentration-based emission standard(e.g.milligrams per liter of wastewater) as one important form of environmental standard has not been given much attention.In this article,comparable estimates of their probable effect on enterprise pollution reduction will be developed for concentrationbased effluent standards,effluent taxes,and a combination of both.A linear simulation model is used to clearly and obviously compare the effects of effluent taxes and concentration-based standards within the same figure.With one detailed application to the paper industry,some enlightenment and conclusions-as well as the general applicability of these principles-are then provided:Under the same effluent tax rate,enterprises,groups,and industries that are cleaner will reduce more pollutants than those that have higher pollutant abatement costs.It is recommended that effluent taxes are set by avoiding cutting it even at one stroke and considering the feasibility of pollution-reducing technology in various industries.It is necessary to reduce MAC of enterprises to better stimulate enterprises' or industries' emission reduction by preferential measures,such as high tax rate coordinated by speeding up the depreciation of environmental protection equipment.

Attribute-Based Re-Encryption Scheme in the Standard Model

In this paper, we propose a new attribute-based proxy re-encryption scheme, where a semi-trusted proxy, with some additional information, can transform a ciphertext under a set of attributes into a new ciphertext under another set of attributes on the same message, but not vice versa, furthermore, its security was proved in the standard model based on decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman assumption. This scheme can be used to realize fine-grained selectively sharing of encrypted data, but the general proxy rencryption scheme severely can not do it, so the proposed schemecan be thought as an improvement of general traditional proxy re-encryption scheme.

Dick Effect in a Microwave Frequency Standard Based on Laser-Cooled 113Cd+ Ions

The Dick effect is one of the main limits to the frequency stability of a passive frequency standard, especially for the fountain clock and ion dock operated in pulsed mode which require unavoidable dead time during interrogation. Here we measure the phase noise of the interrogation oscillator applied in the microwave frequency standard based on laser-cooled 113^Cd＋ ions, and analyze the Allan deviation limited by the Dick effect. The results indicate that the Dick effect is one of the key issues for the cadmium ion dock to reach expected frequency stability. This problem can be resolved by interrogating the local oscillator continuously with two ion traps.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell based in vitro models of the blood-brain barrier： the future standard？

There is an urgent and tremendous need for human dis- ease models in drug development in order to improve pre- clinical predictability. In the case of brain disorders drugs have to cross the blood-brain barrier （BBB） to enter the central nervous system （CNS）. It was estimated that more than 95% of the drugs cannot cross the BBB.

Development of an Ontology-Based Knowledge Network by Interconnecting Soil/Water Concepts/Properties, Derived from Standards Methods and Published Scientific References Outlining Infiltration/Percolation Process of Contaminated Water

The present work deals with the development of an Ontology-Based Knowledge Network of soil/water physicochemical & biological properties (soil/water concepts), derived from ASTM Standard Methods (ASTMi,n) and relevant scientific/applicable references (published papers—PPi,n) to fill up/bridge the gap of the information science between cited Standards and infiltration discipline conceptual vocabulary providing accordingly a dedicated/internal Knowledge Base (KB). This attempt constitutes an innovative approach, since it is based on externalizing domain knowledge in the form of Ontology-Based Knowledge Networks, incorporating standardized methodology in soil engineering. The ontology soil/water concepts (semantics) of the developed network correspond to soil/water physicochemical & biological properties, classified in seven different generations that are distinguished/located in infiltration/percolation process of contaminated water through soil porous media. The interconnections with arcs between corresponding concepts/properties among the consecutive generations are defined by the relationship of dependent and independent variables. All these interconnections are documented according to the below three ways: 1) dependent and independent variables interconnected by using the logical operator “depends on” quoting existent explicit functions and equations;2) dependent and independent variables interconnected by using the logical operator “depends on” quoting produced implicit functions, according to Rayleigh’s method of indices;3) dependent and independent variables interconnected by using the logical operator “related to” based on a logical dependence among the examined nodes-concepts-variables. The aforementioned approach provides significant advantages to semantic web developers and web users by means of prompt knowledge navigation, tracking, retrieval and usage.

脑卒中全周期康复的思考与策略

脑卒中后患者常会遗留不同程度功能障碍,从医疗机构返回至社区家庭过程中,需要各级医疗机构配合互动、上下转介,形成良好的全周期康复闭环。目前,脑卒中全周期康复的落地应用正逐步推进,但仍存在一些阻力。本文以脑卒中全周期康复理念为基础,结合脑卒中社区康复发展现状,思考脑卒中全周期康复-社区康复环节的发展,强调“社区拐点康复”的重要意义以及基层社区康复标准建立的必要性,重视脑卒中患者康复的全周期阶段,探讨社区基层康复的发展策略,切实提高脑卒中患者社区及家庭生存质量。

Tableau-based算法的改进与有限步终止定理

对原有的tableau-based算法进行了简化和改进,提出了标准tableau-based算法,它在保证原有算法思想的基础上删除了每次变换后所产生的累赘部分,同时不再限制运算的顺序.基于这个新算法,证明了ALCN语言中Abox的相容性可通过标准tableau-based算法在有限步之内判定.

The design, development and evaluation of a self-instructional module for nursing practice standards

The purpose of this research was to improve nursing professionals’ understanding of the important link to safe, competent, and ethical practices that Nursing Practice Standards (NPS) serve. This research on NPS may improve the scope and comprehensiveness by which the Standards are integrated with clinical, educational, administrative, and research-based nursing practices. This research was unique in that it includes nurses in developing NPS. The method by which this study was done involved sixteen practicing nurses and seven instructional design experts from Alberta, Canada participating in designing, developing, and evaluating a NPS module. Nursing practice standards are a vital aspect of performing safe, efficient and effective patient care. The manner in which Nursing Standard Practices are presented and taught will directly influence a nurse’s ability to understand the value of NPS and successfully incorporate NPS into practice.

坚持和发展民主集中制原则推进新时代中国刑事诉讼制度现代化

全国人大已将《刑事诉讼法》的修改列入本届人大的工作规划之中。作为规范刑事诉讼程序、约束诉讼主体行为的基本法律,应该明确刑事诉讼中公权力机关之间职能分工的工作原则。民主集中制是我国《宪法》规定的国家机构组织和活动原则,同时也是我国现行刑事诉讼确立的公权力机关之间职能分工的指导原则,具体表现为公检法等机关在刑事诉讼中“分工负责、互相配合、互相制约”的工作原则。民主集中制决定了我国刑事诉讼中权力的集中本位及其分工的相对性。新时代应该发展刑事诉讼中的民主集中制原则,顺应权力本位向权利本位转变的时代潮流,以实现民主集中制原则与刑事诉讼制度的根本自洽,推进刑事诉讼现代化。

《超说明书用药标准》制订与解析

超说明书用药是指药品使用的适应证、剂量、疗程、途径或人群等未在国家药品监督管理部门批准的说明书记载范围内的用法。中国医院协会药事专业委员会基于国家相关法规、规范性文件,结合国内外相关指南文献、行业专家意见,遵循科学性、通用性、指导性和可操作性原则制订了《超说明书用药标准》。该标准对超说明书用药的制度与组织建设、流程管理、质量控制与评价改进的全过程进行了规范和标准化,是医疗机构开展超说明书用药管理的依据。该文介绍《超说明书用药标准》的制订过程,并解析该标准的重点内容,有助于医疗机构在超说明书用药管理实践中,更好地满足超说明书用药标准的各项要求。

案例教学法在超声住院医师规范化培训中的应用——以1例疑难血管疾病为例

目的:探讨案例教学法在超声住院医师规范化培训(以下简称住培)教学中的应用,为超声住培工作提供思路。方法:超声案例教学法以临床案例为基础,由带教老师进行教学设计、知识传授,并积极引导住院医师自主学习,通过具体病例的教学实践,引导住院医师充分学习。结果:住院医师通过系统学习,掌握了超声、临床医学理论知识和相关基础医学知识,提高了住院医师超声基本技能和疾病诊断的逻辑思维方法。结论:案例教学法可调动住院医师学习积极性,提高超声医学住院医师规范化培训的质量,强化带教师资的带教能力。

基于针灸推拿专升本专业教学特点探讨PBL联合SP教学法在针灸临床学的应用

随着我国中医学的迅速发展,对高等医学的教育要求越来越高,各大高校也逐步认识到教学方法改革创新的必要性,我国的医学教育已经逐步将重点放到对学生职业素质和职业能力的培养之上。针灸推拿专升本专业学生学情分析有别于其他全日制本科生,生源的特殊性决定了其教学过程应有别于其他专业学生。针对针灸推拿专升本专业学生开设针灸临床学这门综合性和临床实践性较强的专业课程,用问题式学习(PBL)教学法提出问题,培养学生自主学习能力,并结合相关的学情分析,提高学生的学习主观能动性、培养学生的临床综合应用能力,以期培养真正的实用型人才;同时联合标准化病人(SP)教学法模拟问题,培养学生实际临证思辨能力,进而加强学生理论与临床的衔接能力,增强学生的针灸综合临证思辨能力及医患沟通能力等。

慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关性疲劳评估工具的系统评价

目的对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)相关性疲劳特异性评估工具进行系统评价,为今后临床选择和开发高质量工具提供依据。方法检索PubMed、Web of Science、CINAHL、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库和维普数据库中,所有关于COPD相关性疲劳特异性评估工具相关研究。检索时限为建库至2023年5月22日。使用“基于共识选择健康测量工具的标准(COSMIN)指南”对纳入工具的方法学及测量属性特征进行系统评价,综合评定证据等级并形成推荐意见。结果共纳入8个COPD相关性疲劳特异性评估量表,曼彻斯特COPD疲劳量表(MCFS)为A级推荐,修订版慢性病治疗功能评估—疲劳量表(MFACIT-F)、疲劳影响量表(FIS-25)、COPD和哮喘疲劳量表(CAFS)、疲劳评估工具(TFT)、中文修订版曼彻斯特COPD疲劳量表(MCFS-C)、中文修订版疲劳影响量表(FIS-C)、疲劳严重程度量表(FSS)为B级推荐。结论MCFS量表有高等证据支持内容效度、内部一致性和稳定性、中等证据支持结构效度,故暂被推荐使用,但适合我国的COPD相关性疲劳特异性评估工具仍有待进一步开发。

基于循证的规范化护理配合针刺与物理康复疗法对重症监护室获得性衰弱病人康复进程的影响

目的:探究基于循证的规范化护理配合针刺与物理康复疗法对重症监护室获得性衰弱(ICU⁃AW)病人康复进程的影响。方法:收集2021年1月—2022年10月在我院重症监护室(ICU)住院诊疗的120例ICU⁃AW病人,随机分为对照组与观察组,各60例。对照组接受基于循证的规范化护理,观察组在对照组方案基础上配合针刺与物理康复疗法,比较两组生命体征及下肢运动功能、机械通气时间、脱管发生率、ICU住院时间、总住院时间、医学研究委员会肌力评分(MRC)、序贯性器官功能障碍评分(SOFA)、急性生理与慢性健康状况评分(APACHEⅡ)和28 d死亡率。结果:观察组血压变异值低于对照组(P<0.05),血氧饱和度、MRC评分和下肢FMA评分高于对照组(P<0.05),机械通气时间、脱管发生率、ICU住院时间、总住院时间、SOFA评分、APACHEⅡ评分以及28 d死亡率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:ICU⁃AW病人住院期间实施基于循证的规范化护理配合针刺与物理康复疗法,有助于平稳病人的生命体征,缩短机械通气时间和ICU住院时间,改善运动功能,缓解病情严重程度。

循证社会干预指南与标准系列研究之一:基于循证理念制定标准

本文具体介绍了国际标准化组织、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所和美国材料与试验协会基于循证理念制定标准的实践,探讨如何基于循证理念制定标准。标准的制定需要由标准制定委员会、标准制定小组和标准执行评价小组共同进行。在标准化建设的过程中,要加强标准制定的科学性和透明性,建立与时俱进的标准制定和服务体系。同时增强标准制定委员会和行业协会的作用,确保多方参与和利益相关方的合理代表。此外,应开展标准跟踪评价,持续监测标准的实施情况和效果,以便进行修订和改进。

基于3H模式的标准化干预在肺癌患者中的应用效果

目的探讨基于3H模式的标准化干预在肺癌患者中的应用效果。方法根据干预方法的不同将108例肺癌患者分为观察组和对照组,每组54例,对照组患者接受常规干预,观察组患者在常规干预的基础上接受基于3H模式的标准化干预。比较两组患者术后恢复指标、心理弹性[Connor-Davidson心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)]、依从性和生活质量[世界卫生组织生活质量评定量表-100(WHOQOL-100)]。结果观察组患者首次下床活动时间、首次肛门排气时间、引流管留置时间、住院时间均明显短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。干预后,两组患者CD-RISC各维度评分和总分均高于本组干预前,观察组患者CD-RISC各维度评分和总分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。观察组患者的总依从率为96.30%,高于对照组患者的83.33%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。干预后,两组患者WHOQOL-100评分均高于本组干预前,且观察组患者WHOQOL-100评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论基于3H模式的标准化干预可改善肺癌患者的心理状态,促进患者的术后恢复,提高依从性和生活质量。

PBL联合SP在MBBS学生血液病实践教学中的探索

目的探讨基于问题的学习(Problem-based Learning,PBL)教学法联合标准化病人(Standardized Patient,SP)在临床医学学士(Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgry,MBBS)学生血液病实践教学中的应用效果。方法选取2023年2—6月由江苏大学附属人民医院血液科负责血液病临床教学的39名2019级MBBS学生为对照组,选取2024年2—6月32名2021级MBBS学生为观察组。观察组采用PBL联合SP模式实施临床实践教学,对照组采用传统讲授法实施临床实践教学。对比两组理论考试、临床思维能力考核成绩及对教学方案的认可度。结果观察组理论考试、临床思维能力考核成绩均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组对教学方案的认可度为90.63%(29/32),高于对照组的69.23%(27/39),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.178,P<0.05)。结论采取PBL联合SP模式可有效提高MBBS学生的见习质量、学习兴趣和实践能力,加深学生对于血液系统疾病的认识,全面提升学生的自学能力、团队协作能力以及临床思维能力。

新课标中核心素养对“双基”“三维目标”的继承与超越

继承与超越是把握核心素养与“双基”“三维目标”关系的两个关键词。素养导向的新课标承认知识在教育中的基础性地位,各学科着重培育的核心素养普遍以中国学生发展核心素养为统率,以各学科知识和技能为基础。“三维目标”在拓展教育目标的全面性等方面超越“双基”,核心素养在将知识、技能、方法、情感等课程教学目标看作有机整体等方面进一步超越“双基”和“三维目标”,核心素养语境中的知识观和技能观在强调基于真实情境的应用与生成等方面较以往有了很大进步。聚焦核心素养,新时代课程教学改革应该在继承基础上超越,构建兼容“双基”与“三维目标”的核心素养结构模型,直观呈现三者的内在统一关系;合理定位聚焦核心素养的单元和课时教学目标,抓准教学设计的“牛鼻子”;基于多种教学方式的相辅相成培育核心素养,丰富课堂教学组织形式。