Stuttgart University of Applied Sciences

1项目简介home+是一个74m2,为1～2个人居住而设计的住宅.因其能源来源于太阳能,它能被移动到世界各地.一体化设计体现的组件多功能性与清晰的陈设展示是设计与技术结合的主要话题.home+包括三个方面的特点:模块与间隔的循环组合体现了东西立面的韵律感;室内南北向的通透空间;高出屋顶通风塔(也是home+的核心).

Platelet-rich plasma for muscle injuries: A systematic review of the basic science literature

BACKGROUND Platelet-rich plasma(PRP) is an increasingly used biologic adjunct for muscle injuries, as it is thought to expedite healing. Despite its widespread use, little is known regarding the mechanisms by which PRP produces its efficacious effects in some patients.AIM To clarify the effects of PRP on muscular pathologies at the cellular and tissue levels by evaluating the basic science literature.METHODS A systematic review of PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses(PRISMA) guidelines and checklist. Level III in vivo and in vitro studies examining PRP effects on muscles, myocytes and/or myoblasts were eligible for inclusion. Extracted data included PRP preparation methods and study results.RESULTS Twenty-three studies were included(15 in vivo, 6 in vitro, 2 in vitro/in vivo). Only one reported a complete PRP cytology(platelets, and red and white blood cell counts). Five in vitro studies reported increased cellular proliferation, four reported increased gene expression, and three reported increased cellular differentiation. Five in vivo studies reported increased gene expression, three reported superior muscle regeneration, and seven reported improved histological quality of muscular tissue.CONCLUSION The basic science literature on the use of PRP in muscle pathology demonstrates that PRP treatment confers several potentially beneficial effects on healing in comparison to controls. Future research is needed to determine optimal cytology,dosing, timing, and delivery methods of PRP for muscle pathologies.

Connecting Conditions and Constraint Equations in Applied Science

To solve the optimal solution of some issues in applied science, studying of connecting conditions, constraint conditions and constraint equations is made. This paper cites an example in point in vibration mechanics and seeks the connecting conditions and constraint equations of high speed compound rotating system. This paper points out that the selection of the boundary conditions or connection conditions can effect on the optimal solution of the issue as soon as the object function is determined.

On the Unique Development Path of Universities of Applied Sciences

The transition of universities from academy-oriented to application-oriented has become a paramount mission for the management. And the revelation of the path for the unique development lies in the six aspects below: locating specific talents-cultivating goals, innovating educational plans, developing distinctive teaching resources, enhancing instructions for students' vocation and employment, optimizing teaching equipment and increasing publicity.

Science and reflections: With some thoughts to young applied scientists and engineers

I provide some science and reflections from my experiences working in geophysics,along with connections to computational and data sciences,including recent developments in machine learning.I highlight several individuals and groups who have influenced me,both through direct collaborations as well as from ideas and insights that I have learned from.While my reflections are rooted in geophysics,they should also be relevant to other computational scientific and engineering fields.I also provide some thoughts for young,applied scientists and engineers.

Developing Open RDI and Education in Finnish Universities of Applied Sciences

Open Science(OS)and Research has reached mixed maturity levels in Finland.The meaning of the national project in the ecosystem of Finnish universities of applied sciences(UAS)is to enhance and elaborate OS and Open Education(OE)activities.Future actions were defined based on a survey and interviews carried out in the Finnish UAS sector during 2018 and 2019.The aim of both data collections was to evaluate the current status and attitudes towards open Research,Development,and Innovation(RDI)among staff members.Another purpose was to define the need for internal support services concerning open RDI and OE and to identify knowledge gaps.The results revealed several gaps in understanding OS and OE initiatives.Real-life actions were mostly vague,and the respondents experienced the need for support.On the other hand,the attitudes towards open RDI were positive,and the issue aroused questions and reflections.This study revealed gaps in knowledge and actions in Finnish UAS sectors.These results have been the basis of development actions such as joint workshops,educational webinars,and common instructions.The future plan includes the establishment of an experts’network for supporting open RDI and Education.

On the Experience, Problems in Science and Technology Services of Basic Scientific Research Institutes and Suggestions——Taking Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Areas of Jiangsu as an Example

Taking the Jiangsu Province as Zhenjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Hilly Areas of an example, the paper elaborated the advanced practices of agricultural research institutes in agricultural science and technology services and analyzed the difficulties and solutions in the services. process of science and technologyservices.

From Applied to Pure Science： Midwestern Geological Surveys in the 19th Century

Between 1850 and 1900, state geological surveys in the Midwest underwent an ideological shift by transforming from institutions based on applied science to those based on pure science. Three factors influenced this process： the acquisition of permanent status from state governments, the establishment of the USGS （United States Geological Survey）, and the increase in regional professional scientific societies and publications in the Midwest. These factors aided in the transformation of research projects by state geologists. These projects grew more focused, of higher quality, and increased in number during this time-period. State governments still expected Midwestern geological surveys to meet the practical needs of their respective states as this transformation continued, but surveys complemented these goals with projects more closely related to pure science. This shift encouraged the research goals of surveys to investigate projects more closely related to pure scientific pursuits, and significantly aided in the growth of the earth sciences in the nineteenth Century and early twentieth Century.

Scenario-Based, Single Best, Multiple-Choice Questions (SB-SB-MCQs) in Basic Medical Sciences: An Exploratory Study about the Staff Awareness, Knowledge and Difficulties Encountered

Background: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are well known and widely used assessment tool. They can be used to measure the different levels of educational outcomes: knowledge, understanding, judgment and problem solving. Traditional MCQs (stand-alone MCQs) often are used as a tool for facts recall. Advantages of using Scenario-based questions (SBQs) include more focus on learning objectives and ability to assess higher levels of learning. Shifting to scenario-based questions can increase the level of difficulty and measure higher levels of cognition. Purpose: This study explores the current knowledge and overall awareness of the undergraduate teaching staff about the use and difficulties of scenario-based single-best answer, multiple-choice questions (SB-SBA-MCQs) in assessments of the basic medical sciences. Method: We used an e-Likert scale questionnaire to explore this issue. The questionnaire covered the current knowledge, experience of staff in writing (SB-SBA-MCQs), courses or postgraduate degrees they attended and difficulties they face or anticipate in writing (SB-SBA-MCQs). Results: The majority (86%) are familiar with courses or workshops related to MCQs writing and assessment in general, a small minority have not attended any. The majority (86%) had some experience in writing MCQs. Only, a small percentage have not tried writing this type of MCQs. Nearly 60% think it takes time to construct, the majority (96%) of those researched are in support of shifting to scenario-based MCQs in basic medical sciences. Conclusion: The study has shown most of the teachers of basic medical sciences are aware of and with good knowledge in (SB-SBA-MCQs). It also highlighted the importance and need for regular training courses and workshops on the same.

Application and Regulation of Legal Science and Technology on the Pilot Program of the Reform of Separation between Complicated Cases and Simple Ones in Civil Procedure in the Basic People’s Courts

Blockchain,artificial intelligence,and other technologies have been increasingly integrated with the law,and the construction of smart justice and Internet courts in various places has a prominent effect on court informatization.The Supreme People’s Court is currently carrying out the pilot reform of separation between complicated and simple cases in civil procedure,and legal technology will inevitably become a major means to enable the reform.In the field of electronic litigation,legal technology itself has become a goal of the reform.Regarding the trials of pilot basic courts,legal technology has been more deeply applied in many links such as trial activities and trial management,playing an essential role in improving judicial efficiency,and becoming an important way to solve judicial dilemmas such as“litigation explosion.”However,the history of modern society reminds us that we should be reasonably optimistic about the development of technology,especially in the field of justice.

SOME PERSONAL VIEWS ON THE BASIC RESEARCH OF NATURAL SCIENCES IN CHINA

Mankind is going to stride across the threshold of the new century while world science advances by leaps and bounds. At the same time, China will enter a comparatively well-off state in terms of its economic development and its next step forward is to be a moderately developed country in the international community. At the 15th National Congress

中国基性岩研究概况、热点及趋势——基于Web of Science的知识图谱分析

以"Web of Science核心合集"的2759篇文献为数据源,应用科学计量工具CiteSpace绘制了中国基性岩研究的知识图谱,对该研究领域的发文特征、研究力量、知识基础、研究热点、趋势等进行了可视化分析。研究发现,中国基性岩研究可以概括为岩石类型、大地构造环境和研究区域特征三类方向,目前研究的热点包括:华北克拉通(North China Craton)、大火成岩省(large igneous province)、大陆地壳(continental crust)、中亚造山带(Central Asian Orogenic Belt)、构造演化(tectonic evolution)、岩石成因(petrogenesis)等,并且中国的研究机构已经形成了数个国际上成果突出的作者群,在该研究领域的发文量和影响力都处于领先,但是国际合作还需进一步加强。

基于Web of Science的天津基础研究影响力分析

以2000-2004年WebofScience(含SCIE,SSCI和A&HCI)收录天津市作者发表论文为样本,分析了天津市基础研究产出的作者、机构、引文、合作、发表刊物及其影响因子等状况,提出了天津市增强基础研究影响力应采取的对策思路。

New Perspective for the Philosophy of Science： Re-Construction and Definition of New Branches ＆ Hierarchy of Sciences

In this work, author evaluated past theories and perspectives behind the definitions of science and/or branches of science. Also some of the philosophers of science and their specific philosophical interests were expressed. Author considered some type of interactions between some disciplines to determine, to solve the philosophical/scientific problems and to define the possible solutions. The purposes of this article are： （i） to define new synthesis method, （ii） to define new perspective for the philosophy of science, （iii） to define relation between new philosophy perspective and philosophy of science, （iv） to define and organize name, number, relations, and correct structure between special science branches and philosophy of science, （v） to define necessary and sufficient number of branches for philosophy of science, （vi） to define and express the importance and place of new philosophy of science perspective in the new system, （vii） to extend the definition/limits of philosophy of science, （viii） to re-define meanings of some philosophical/scientific theories, （ix） to define systematic solution for the conflicts, problems, confusions about philosophy of science, sciences and branches of science, （x） to define new branches of science, （xi） to re-construct branches and hierarchy of science, （xii） to define new theories about science and branches of science. Author considered R-Synthesis as a method for the evaluation oftbe philosophy, philosophy of science, sciences and branches of science. This R-Synthesis includes evaluation of eight categories of general/specific perspective, 21-dimensions, and 12 general subjects （with related scope and contents） for the past 12,000 years. It is a kind of synthesis of science and non-science, physical science and non-physical science, religious science and non-religious science, and others. In this article, author defined 27 possible definitive/certain result cases for this new synthesis. Author defined the possible formation stages shortly to express new disciplines, new constructional and/or complementary theories. These theories are considered to define 21 major effective disciplines. New philosophy perspective is defined （R-Philosophy） shortly. New perspective and sub branches are defined for the philosophy of science. Major sciences are defined due to new basic philosophies. 42-basic components are defined for each science branch. New and/or re-constructed sciences, branches of science, basic sciences, and new hierarchy of science are defined with figure. Electromagnetic sciences, information sciences, and system sciences are defined specifically. Hybrid Sciences, New Era Science, and Ideal Scientific System are defined with general/specific figure. Relation between the some old branches and new branches of science was expressed generally due to new perspective of philosophy of science.

基于Web of Science数据库对中美苜蓿研究趋势分析

本文以“Medicago sativa”或“alfalfa”或“lucerne”为题目检索Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的1998-2021年间紫花苜蓿研究相关文献,并精炼中美两国的发文,以历年发文数量及变化趋势、研究方向、发文机构、发文期刊为主要指标进行对比分析,旨在为我国紫花苜蓿研究提供借鉴,使我国苜蓿产业更好地应用于社会生产。结果表明,美国作为紫花苜蓿研究大国,总发文量远超其他国家,近年主要以农学、乳品动物科学、昆虫学、食品科学等技术性研究为主,注重苜蓿经济性、效益性发展,发文期刊多为乳品类、作物类和动物类专业性期刊;我国作为继美国之后的第二大苜蓿研究国,发文量近年迅速增加,自2016年起年发文量超出美国,主要以植物科学、农学、环境科学等基础性研究为主,侧重于苜蓿抗逆性、品质性研究,发文期刊多为植物类与综合类期刊。未来需根据我国当前苜蓿产业的发展需求,加强紫花苜蓿基础性研究,同时加强研究与生产利用紧密结合,使相关研究更好地服务于我国苜蓿产业的发展。

基于Web of Science文献计量的我国典型城市医学影像基础研究实力分析

基于Web of Science数据库检索2019—2021年我国学者在SCI数据库中收录的医学影像类期刊上发表的论文,采用文献计量学的方法,从论文数量、篇均被引频次、高被引论文数量及高产机构数量等方面分析了国内生产总值排名前15位的典型城市的医学影像基础研究实力,指出了我国各城市中医学影像领域基础研究成果分布不均并提出了相应建议,可为各城市制定相关领域的发展目标提供参考。