Baoziwan-Majiashan Area of Jiyuan Oilfield Analysis of Reservoir Characteristics and Main Control Factors in Long 4 5 Section

Based on the sheet, scanning electron microscope and high pressure mercury analysis method, this paper takes Jiyuan oilfield-Ma Jia mountain district 4 5 sandstone reservoir as the research object, from the reservoir petrology, pore type and porosity, permeability, the system analyzed the reservoir characteristics and its control factors. The results show that the sandstone in the 4 5 section of Baoziwan-Majiashan area of Jiyuan oilfield is fine in size and high in filling content. The pore types were dominated by intergranular pores and dissolved pores, with a low face rate. The reservoir property is relatively poor, with mean porosity of 11.11% and mean permeability of 1.16 × 10−3 µm2. In the low porous, low otonic background, the development of relatively high pore hypertonic areas. Compaction and cementation should play a destructive role in reservoir properties, and dissolution should play a positive role in reservoir properties. Compaction adjusts the migration of clay minerals and miscellaneous bases in the original sediment in the study area, greatly reducing the porosity and permeability of the reservoir;the development of the cement cement, carbonate cementation and some quartz secondary compounds reduces the storage space;the dissolution effect, especially the secondary dissolution pores of the reservoir, which obviously improves the properties of the reservoir.

Structural characteristics of river networks and their relations to basin factors in the Yangtze and Yellow River basins

The integration of rivers and basins highly implies the possible existence of certain relationships between hierarchical characteristics of river networks and primary basin factors.Here we investigated river networks in two large basins,the Yangtze River and the Yellow River,characterized with basic factors such as annual precipitation,slope,soil erodibility and vegetation.Hierarchical analysis demonstrated a fair self-similarity of river networks at the stream-order 1-5 in both rivers,described by the structural parameters including bifurcation ratio,side-branching ratio,drainage density,and length of headwater-river.Besides precipitation,basin slope was essential in shaping river networks in both basins,showing a significant positive correlation(R^2=0.39-0.85)to bifurcation ratio,side-branching ratio,and drainage density.Given the same basin slope(5°-15°),the higher soil erodibility and sparse vegetation would promote greater side-branching ratio and drainage density in the Yellow River,which were estimated 11.97%and 63.70%larger,respectively than those in the Yangtze River.This study highlights the importance to formulate basin-specific strategies for water and soil conservation in terms of different structures of river networks.

Sediment transferring function of the lower reaches of the Yellow River influenced by drainage basin factors and human activities

Sediment transferring function (Fs) of rivers is defined and indexed in this study, based on the concept of sediment budget at river reach scales. Then, study is made on the Fs of the lower reaches of the Yellow River in relation to natural and human factors in the drainage basin, such as the annual precipitation in different water and sediment source areas, proportion of >0.05 mm sediment of the total sediment load to the lower reaches of Yellow River, the regu-lated degree of the “clear” baseflow from the drainage area above Lanzhou, frequency of hy-perconcentrated flows, area of soil and water conservation measures in the drainage basin. As a result, a multiple regression equation has been established between Fs and 7 influencing factors, with multiple correlation coefficient r = 0.90. The reduction in annual precipitation in different water and sediment source areas has different effects on Fs. The reduction in annual precipitation in the area above Hekou Town and the area between Longmen and Sanmenxia results in a reduction in Fs, but the reduction in annual pre-cipitation in the area between Hekou Town and Longmen results in an increase in Fs. The grain size composition of sediment load strongly affects the Fs; the larger the proportion of >0.05 mm sediment in the suspended sediment load entering the lower reaches of the Yellow River is, the lower the Fs will be. Thus, if the Xiaolangdi Reservoir traps coarse sediment and releases fine sediment, Fs will be enhanced. This study also shows that the lower the proportion of high-flow season river flow to the annual total river flow at Lanzhou Station is, the lower the Fs will be. Therefore, the interception of large quantities of clear water by the reservoirs on the upper reaches of Yellow River is one of the major causes for the decrease in Fs in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

Coal reservoir characteristics and their controlling factors in the eastern Ordos basin in China

In the eastern Ordos basin, due to the diversity of the tectonic setting, coal rank, gas content and permeability, coal reservoirs have differing characteristics. In this paper, based on coal reservoir geometry, gas content, adsorption capacity, pores and fissures developments and permeability data, the coalbed methane(CBM) reservoir characteristics and their controlling factors in the eastern Ordos basin is discussed. The results show that, due to undergoing different paleo-temperatures in the geological history,coal rank has a higher trend from the north part to the south and from the shallow part to the inward basin, which determines CBM distribution and recoverability. In the north, although having large coal thickness and high permeability, Zhungeer-Xingxian coal rank is low, and gas content is small. In the central part, with medium rank, higher gas content and relatively high permeability, and the Wubao-Liulin area is the most favorable area in the eastern Ordos basin. In the southern part, medium and high metamorphism coal occurs, and although having the highest gas content, the permeability in the Hancheng area is low due to the development of sheared coal.

Temporal variations of reference evapotranspiration and its sensitivity to meteorological factors in Heihe River Basin, China

On the basis of daily meteorological data from 15 meteorological stations in the Heihe River Basin （HRB） during the period from 1959 to 2012, long-term trends of reference evapotranspiration （ET0） and key meteorological factors that affect ET0 were analyzed using the Mann- Kendall test. The evaporation paradox was also investigated at 15 meteorological stations. In order to explore the contribution of key meteo- rological factors to the temporal variation of ET0, a sensitivity coefficient method was employed in this study. The results show that： （1） mean annual air temperature significantly increased at all 15 meteorological stations, while the mean annual ET0 decreased at most of sites; （2） the evaporation paradox did exist in the HRB, while the evaporation paradox was not continuous in space and time; and （3） relative humidity was the most sensitive meteorological factor with regard to the temporal variation of ET0 in the HRB, followed by wind speed, air temperature, and solar radiation. Air temperature and solar radiation contributed most to the temporal variation of ETo in the upper reaches; solar radiation and wind speed were the determining factors for the temporal variation of ET0 in the middle-lower reaches.

Research on quality changes and influencing factors of groundwater in the Guanzhong Basin

This paper studies the distribution features, the chemical elements beyond standards and the influencing factors of shallow groundwater quality in the Guanzhong Basin through the data monitored in the last twenty years. The final purpose is to comprehensively evaluate the divisions of groundwater quality in the Guanzhong Basin. Results show that, the groundwater quality is in good shape, and suitable for drinking. Drinking accounts for 16.02% of the total, most of which are distributed in the lubotan of Weibei. Some come from loess plateau of Qian-Liquan County and some are generated by the industrial pollution of Xingping City. Materials exceeding standards include chloride, sulfate, three nitrogen, fluoride, manganese, iron, hexavalent chromium and so on. The main factors influencing the quality of shallow groundwater include groundwater exploitation, natural background value of special components and precipitation, among which the groundwater exploitation poses the greatest impact. The depth of water is positively correlated with the concentration of sulfate, nitrate and total hardness.

Differential Hydrocarbon Enrichment and its Main Controlling Factors in Depressions of the Bohai Bay Basin Differential Hydrocarbon Enrichment and its Main Controlling Factors in Depressions of the Bohai Bay Basin

Significant differential hydrocarbon enrichment occurs in depressions in a petroliferous basin.There are multiple depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin, and each depression as a relatively independent unit of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation, contains significantly different hydrocarbon generation conditions and enrichment degree. On the basis of previous documents and a large number of statistical data, this work comparatively analyzed the differential hydrocarbon enrichment and its major controlling factors in depressions of the Bohai Bay Basin. The results show that depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin have various hydrocarbon enrichment degrees, and can be categorized into four types, namely enormously oil-rich, oil-rich, oily and oil-poor depressions. In general, the enormously oil-rich and oil-rich depressions are distributed in the eastern part of the basin along the Tan-Lu and Lan-Liao faults, whereas depressions in the western part of the basin are poor in hydrocarbons. Moreover, the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons is also highly heterogeneous, with Pre-Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the northern and western depressions, Paleogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the entire basin, and Neogene strata rich in hydrocarbons in the off-shore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin. From early depressions in onshore areas to the late depressions in offshore areas of the Bohai Bay Basin, the source rocks and source-reservoir-cap rock assemblages gradually become younger and shallower, and the hydrocarbon resource abundance gradually increases. Hydrocarbon supplying condition is the key factor constraining the hydrocarbon enrichment for different depressions,while the main source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage, sufficient hydrocarbons and the transportation capacity of faults control the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons. The main factors controlling hydrocarbon enrichment are different for different layers. The hydrocarbon supplying condition of source rocks is the key controlling factor, whereas the source-reservoir configuration, the main sourcereservoir-cap rock assemblages, and the fault transportation are the main factors of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Paleogene, Paleogene and Neogene, respectively.

ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL FORMATIONOF AGRICULTURAL AREAS IN SICHUAN BASIN AND GEOGRAPHICAL FACTORS

The earliest agricultural activities in Sichuan Basin can be traced hack to the middle Neolithic Age. hang the development process afterwards, the on and ha dynasties, the Sui and Tang dynasties, and the Northern Song Dynasty were three peaks of agricultural development. The various natural conditions resulted in a variety of agriculrural Patterns in Sichuan Basin. The drainage system Played a major role and always went before land and agricultural development in different historical periods. The wars and natural disasters in the end of the Ming Dynasty severely damaged the agricultural system. It was until the early and middle Qing Dynasty that many immigrants fm other provinces restored and promoted the agricultural activities in Sichuan Basin.

The multi-factor recombination and processes superimposition model for hydrocarbon accumulation:application to the Silurian in the Tarim Basin

The multi-factor recombination and processes superimposition model for hydrocarbon accumulation is put forward in view of the hydrocarbon geological characteristics of multiple episodes of structural evolution, multiple sets of source-reservoir-seal assemblage, multiple cycles of hydrocarbon accumulation and multiple episodes of readjustment and reconstruction in the complex superimposed basins in China. It is a system including theories and methods that can help to predict favorable exploration regions. According to this model, the basic discipline for hydrocarbon generation, evolution and distribution in the superimposed basins can be summarized in multi-factor recombination, processes superimposition, multiple stages of oil filling and latest stage preservation. With the Silurian of the Tarim basin as an example, based on the reconstruction of the evolution history of the four factors （paleo-anticline, source rock, regional cap rock and kinematic equilibrium belt） controlling hydrocarbon accumulation, this model was adopted to predict favorable hydrocarbon accumulation areas and favorable exploration regions following structural destruction in three stages of oil filling, to provide guidance for further exploration ofoil and gas in the Silurian of the Tarim basin.

Response Relationship between the Seasonal Freezing-Thawing Process of Soil and Spatial Factor Changes in the Dayekou Basin of the Qilian Mountains

Objective: In this study, the influence and response relationship between the seasonal freezing-thawing process of soil and the spatial factor changes in the management and utilization of water resource processes were explored. Methods: The monitoring equipment in this study was arranged at different altitudes, gradients, and slope directions, such as the typical forest sample area in the Dayekou Basin of the Qilian Mountains. The spatial variation characteristics of the seasonal freezing-thawing process of the soil were analyzed, and a regression model was established. Results: 1) The results of this study determined that the rate of the soil’s freezing increased with the altitude in a trend of volatility. However, the rate of the thawing of the frozen soil was found to have an opposite trend. The variation degree of the freezing-thawing process increased with the altitude in a trend of volatility. The end time of the approximate soil freezing with altitude increased in a volatility trend ahead of schedule. However, the opposite was observed in the thawing rate of the frozen soil;2) The rate of the soil’s freezing under the mosses of the spruce forest at an altitude of 3028 m was found to be the lowest. However, in the sub-alpine scrub forest at an altitude of 3300 m, a maximum in the spatial ordering was observed, with an average of 1.9 cm·d-1. The thawing rate of the frozen soil in scrub-spruce forest at an altitude of 3300 m was found to be minimal. However, in the sunny slope grassland at an altitude of 2946 m, a maximum in the spatial ordering was observed, with an average of 1.5 cm·d-1. In the spatial ordering of the variation degree of the process of freezing-thawing with an average of 1.2, the scrub-grassland at an altitude of 2518 m was found to be the lowest, and the scrub-spruce forest at an altitude of 3195 m was also low;3) The soil freezing began on approximately October 20th, and the rate of soil freezing gradually became reduced. The arrival time of the frozen soil of up to 150 cm in depth in sub-alpine scrub forest was first observed at an altitude of 3028 m. However, the scrub-spruce forest at an altitude of 3100 m did not become frozen until approximately January 12th on average. Then, the thawing rate of the frozen soil increased gradually. The end time of the thawing was earliest observed in the sunny slope grassland at an altitude of 2946 m. However, the scrub-spruce forest at an altitude of 3100 m was found to be the last to thaw, and averaged approximately July 27th. The average durations of the freezing and thawing of the soil were 77 and 121 days, respectively, and the average duration of the entire process of freezing-thawing was 199 days;4) This study’s established regression models of the duration time of frozen soil’s thaw, and the rate of frozen soil’s thaw, all passed the R test of goodness of fit, F test of variance, and t test. Conclusions: The characteristics of the seasonal freezing-thawing process of the soil with the spatial changes were seasonal. However, the characteristics under the different spatial factor influences were not the same.

Elemental characteristics of lacustrine oil shale and its controlling factors of palaeo-sedimentary environment on oil yield： a case from Chang 7 oil layer of Triassic Yanchang Formation in southern Ordos Basin

As an important unconventional resource, oil shale has received widespread attention. The oil shale of the Chang 7 oil layer from Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin represents the typical lacustrine oil shale in China. Based on analyzing trace elements and oil yield from boreholes samples, characteristics and paleo-sedimentary environments of oil shale and relationship between paleo-sedimentary environment and oil yield were studied. With favorable quality, oil yield of oil shale varies from 1.4% to 9.1%. Geochemical data indicate that the paleo-redox condition of oil shale's reducing condition from analyses of V/Cr, V/(V + Ni), U/Th, d U, and authigenic uranium. Equivalent Boron, Sp, and Sr/Ba illustrate that paleosalinity of oil shale is dominated by fresh water.The paleoclimate of oil shale is warm and humid by calculating the chemical index of alteration and Sr/Cu. Fe/Ti and(Fe + Mn)/Ti all explain that there were hot water activities during the sedimentary period of oil shale. In terms of Zr/Rb, paleohydrodynamics of oil shale is weak.By means of Co abundance and U/Th, paleo-water-depth of oil shale is from 17.30 to 157.26 m, reflecting sedimentary environment which is mainly in semi deep–deep lake facies. Correlation analyses between oil yield and six paleoenvironmental factors show that the oil yield of oil shale is mainly controlled by paleo-redox conditions,paleoclimate, hot water activities, and depth of water.Paleosalinity and paleohydrodynamics have an inconspicuous influence on oil yield.

Natural Gas Types,Distribution Controlling Factors,and Future Exploration in the Western Qaidam Basin

The Paleogene and Neogene oil and gas in the western Qaidam basin have a regular distribution in three concentric zones from the edge to the center of the basin. Natural gas mainly occurs in the inner zone, and the gas-oil ratio of the northern area of the basin is significantly higher than that of the southern area. Large amounts of carbon isotope data of natural gas, plotted in X- shaped and comprehensive identification diagrams for the southern area and northern area, respectively, were used to identify the types of natural gas. The large-scale distribution of natural gas is highly consistent with the Ro values of major source rocks, but is poorly correlated with the type of organic matter. This indicates that the main controlling factor of natural gas distribution is organic matter maturity, and the kerogen types act as the basis for the formation of different types of natural gas. Paleouplifts and squeezed anticlines near hydrocarbon generation depression centers, which are major natural gas-rich regions, control the migration directions of natural gas, while hydrocarbon migration pathways and fault systems connecting gas sources are the most important factors for natural gas reservoir formation in the inner basin. Therefore, favorable zones for natural gas distribution can be predicted on the basis of the distribution of thermal evolution and the gas generation intensity of major source rocks as well as the structural map. The Shizigou-Youshashan- Yingdong-Dawusi, Youquanzi -Kaitemilike - Youdunzi, and Xiaoliangshan - Nanyishan - Dafengshan structural belts are favorable zones for natural gas accumulation. This study has important theoretical and practical significance for future natural gas exploration.

Controlling Factors Affecting Pressure Differential Development of the Upper Paleozoic Gas Reservoir in the Sulige and Yulin Area of the Ordos Basin

The origin and distribution of Upper Paleozoic reservoirs pressure in mid-northem Ordos Basin has attracted widespread attention in recent years.The reservoir pressure of Sulige area shows characteristics of basically subnormal pressure,and the reservoir pressure of Yulin area shows characteristics of basically normal hydrostatic pressure.In the sense of structural location,

四川盆地下寒武统筇竹寺组海相页岩气高产井突破与富集模式

多年来下寒武统筇竹寺组页岩气勘探开发进展缓慢,资201井获高产气流大大增加了该套页岩气规模商业化开发的信心,不同区域及层段富集规律差异及下一步勘探开发方向是筇竹寺组页岩开发面临的首要问题。以四川盆地57口钻井资料为基础,对多口重点井的古生物、沉积、储层等特征进行分析,详细剖析资201井的部署理论依据、筇竹寺组页岩气富集条件及下一步勘探开发方向。从地层研究入手,建立了筇竹寺组地层划分标准,明确筇竹寺组主体发育4套深水陆棚相的富有机质页岩(①至④号层段),其分布受裂陷槽发育控制,裂陷槽内厚度最大。分析了页岩储层发育特征,指出储层压力、孔隙度、含气饱和度从下向上、从裂陷槽外到内呈现增大趋势,储层超压对页岩孔隙保存起到重要作用;基于此结合保存条件等建立了“多层异相、超压保孔”的页岩气超压差异富集模式,指出远离散失通道的超压孔隙发育区(层段)是页岩气富集有利区(层段)。文章指出资201井及周边是未来筇竹寺组页岩气增储上产的主要区域,资源量为8.06×10^(12)m^(3);川西地区具有相当的开发潜力,资源量为0.72×10^(12)m^(3);川南长宁及黔北一带受石墨化及构造活动影响,以寻找远离风化壳及地表露头的超压孔隙发育区为主。

Influencing factors of gas content evaluation for shale gas:a case study of Lower Paleozoic Wuling fold belt in Upper Yangtze Basin

Factors of shale gas accumulation can be divided into the external and internal factors,according to accumulation mechanism and characteristics of shale gas. The internal factors mainly refer to parameters of organic geochemistry,mineral components and physical parameters. Six factors were presented in this study,i. e.organic matter,maturity,quartz,carbonate,clay mineral and pore. The external factors mainly refer to geologic environment of shale gas reservoir,including four factors: temperature,pressure,depth and thickness.Based on the experiment results of 26 samples of drilling cores from Wuling fold belt in Lower Paleozoic Silurian of the Upper Yangtze Basin,combined with the integrated analysis of geology,logging and test,the correlation of the gas content of shale gas to the above-mentioned ten factors was concluded. Six important evaluation indicators were preliminarily established in the gas-bearing core area of marine shale in the Upper Yangtze Basin.

西非Termit盆地石油地质特征及成藏主控因素

西非Termit盆地是中国石油在非洲极为重要的勘探开发区块。在充分利用钻井、分析化验和地震资料基础上,开展了Termit盆地石油地质特征和成藏主控因素研究,研究表明:①Ter-mit盆地历经前裂谷期、同裂谷期、后裂谷期三大构造演化阶段,同裂谷期发育早晚两期裂谷作用形成中生代—新生代叠置裂谷盆地,宏观具有“东西分带、南北分块”的构造结构特征,控制圈闭的形成与分布。②发育上白垩统Yogou组分布广(18000 km^(2))、厚度大(600~1400 m)、成熟度适中(Ro值为0.7%~1.3%)的海相烃源岩,配置上白垩统Yogou组顶部发育的海相三角洲、古近系Sokor1组辫状河三角洲砂体,及古近系Sokor2组区域性分布的泥岩盖层,形成了上、下两套成藏组合;③明确古近系、白垩系成藏主控因素,古近系为“下生上储”的次生油气藏,油气平面和垂向分布受生烃灶、区域盖层、油源断层和优势沉积相控制,白垩系为“自生自储”原生油藏,油气富集受区域构造活动强度和白垩系内幕构造控制。④构建了基于海相广覆式烃源岩的跨世代油气成藏模式,明确Dinga断阶带、Fana凸起和Araga地堑是古近系油气勘探的有利区带,造活动相对较弱的Moul凹陷及Dinga断阶带南部是白垩系油气勘探的有利区带。地质认识指导勘探部署,在尼日尔Termit盆地获得了重大勘探突破,累计探明石油地质储量超7亿t,为中国石油海外油气增储上产奠定了坚实的基础。

陆相拗陷湖盆细粒沉积有机质富集机制研究:以松辽盆地长岭凹陷青山口组为例

松辽盆地作为白垩纪形成的大型陆相拗陷含油气盆地,沉积了巨厚的湖相细粒沉积,近年来在非常规油气方面展现了巨大的勘探潜力,其中青山口组是松辽盆地页岩油的重点攻关层系,细粒沉积有机质富集机制对于非常规油气勘探至关重要。在松辽盆地南部长岭凹陷分别选取位于不同沉积区的3口井,针对其青一段水进体系域的细粒沉积岩,借助岩心观察、有机地球化学和生物标志化合物等技术手段,讨论在不同沉积环境和水进过程中,有机质来源和有机质保存条件的变化,分析有机质富集的关键控制因素,并建立相关的有机质富集模式。结果表明:研究区青一段细粒沉积岩有机质丰度较高,有机质类型以Ⅱ型干酪根为主,整体呈现有机质丰度南低北高、下低上高的特征;饱和烃中正构烷烃主要表现为单峰、前峰型,具有微弱奇数碳优势;萜类化合物中以三环萜烷和五环三萜烷为主;甾类化合物中C_(27-29)规则甾烷以C_(27)规则甾烷丰度最高;芳香烃中三芴系列化合物以二苯并噻吩为主。研究区青一段细粒沉积岩有机质来源以湖泊内源菌藻类为主,含有一定的陆源高等植物输入,古水体整体为弱还原的半咸水环境。其中,有机质来源和古盐度是控制有机质富集的关键因素。在平面上,半深湖—深湖沉积区相较三角洲外前缘沉积区,受河流影响较弱,陆源输入较弱,水体盐度较高,有机质类型较好,有机质更加富集。在垂向上,随着水体加深,河流影响减弱,水体盐度呈升高的趋势,有机质类型变好,有机质富集。

锡林河流域草原生态系统地上生物量时空分布特征及其影响因子

为系统地量化环境因子之间的协同关系及其对生物量时空格局的调控,以锡林河流域为研究区域,测量了2020年5月—9月典型草原生态系统地上生物量以及气象因子(包括降水量和气温)、地形因子(包括高程)、土壤因子(包括土壤含水量、干密度、有机碳质量分数、全氮质量分数和pH)等三大类共8个环境因子,并通过地理探测器方法定量分析了地上生物量与各环境因子之间的关系。结果表明:1)时间维度上,研究区地上生物量在生长季初期稳定增长,在水热条件最好的7月,植被地上生物量增长最为迅速,在9月3日地上生物量达到峰值,此时流域上、下游地上生物量分别为209.12、147.19 g/m^(2);空间维度上,上游地上生物量显著高于下游(显著性水平p<0.05),地上生物量空间分布格局呈现从东南向西北整体减小的趋势。2)整个生长季中,气象因子(降水量和气温)是地上生物量空间格局的关键驱动因子,其对地上生物量分布格局的解释率在60.0%以上;生长季末期,除气象因子外,土壤pH也成为影响研究区地上生物量分布格局的主要驱动因子。3)生长季各阶段,各环境因子对地上生物量的交互作用均呈现出非线性增强和双因子增强关系。生长季初期,降水量和土壤干密度之间交互作用的影响力最大;生长旺期及末期,随着土壤含水量达到较高水平,土壤干密度与其他环境因子(降水量、气温、pH)的交互作用对流域植被地上生物量影响显著。

可持续发展目标6视角下黄河流域城市群水足迹时空演变及驱动因素

本研究以黄河流域5座国家级城市群为研究对象,探索性地采用水足迹及其相关评价指标构建面向可持续发展目标6的水资源利用水平评价框架。在描述2010―2019年城市群水足迹时空演变特征的基础上分别建立流域整体、上中游和下游城市群的空间计量模型,探讨驱动水足迹变化的因素。结果表明,城市群水足迹及相关指标均有所下降,自上游至下游呈梯级分布格局,上中游和下游城市群水足迹表现出两极分化的集聚状态,整体向“低−低”集聚跃迁。驱动因素在不同城市群之间存在着显著的差异性和空间交互效应。为此,提出强化中心城市辐射带动作用、提升城市群水资源生态系统韧性、根据不同城市群的比较优势实施差异性水资源系统治理等对策建议。

数字技术创新与绿色全要素生产率:来自黄河流域的经验证据

文章采用2011—2020年黄河流域地级市面板数据,在克服内生性问题的基础上,运用双向固定效应模型、面板IV估计等经验分析方法实证考察了数字技术创新对黄河流域绿色全要素生产率的影响。研究表明:数字技术创新对黄河流域绿色全要素生产率具有显著的促进作用,该结论在控制了外生政策冲击、剔除部分样本及缩尾处理后依然稳健。异质性分析进一步表明数字技术创新对黄河流域非资源型城市、中心城市以及中下游地区绿色全要素生产率促进作用更为明显。而机制分析发现绿色技术创新、产业结构高级化和产业协同集聚是数字技术影响黄河流域绿色全要素生产率的三个重要路径。因此,需要加大数字技术创新投入,提升城市数字技术吸收转化能力,为充分释放数字技术环境效应创造有利条件。