The Bathroom in Housing Architecture: From a Place of Personal Hygiene to a Place of Well-Being

In addition to personal hygiene, bathrooms also have an important function at the emotional level when it comes to taking time out, indulging and relaxing. Planners are increasingly required to deal with customer desires and offer personalised solutions, in addition to knowing about the technical requirements and movement areas of sanitary facilities. Besides producing well designed floor plans, experts need to take into account sustainability and accessibility, as well as materials, light, colour, fixtures and fittings which have seen a big evolution during the years.

A Review of Innovative Design Strategies for Prefabricated Green Buildings

Prefabricated green buildings are becoming a trend in the construction industry of China.The prefabricated components are made using modern technologies like green materials,artificial intelligence,and low-carbon and energy-saving techniques.This makes them an important aspect of the development of the construction industry in China,representing modernization and sustainable development.This article presents a study on the innovative design of prefabricated green buildings.This article serves to promote sustainable development on a macro level.

A New Mobile Sliding Door for Rural Elderly-friendly Suspended Bathroom and Toilet in the Context of Rural Population Aging

Taking the rural left-behind elderly as the research object,this paper made an in-depth analysis of the living needs of the rural"empty-nest elderly".Combined with the current market development situation of the elderly-friendly bathroom sliding door in China,it proposed the design scheme and industrial development strategy of the suspended bathroom sliding door,to provide a certain reference for the elderly-friendly development of home decoration basic materials for elderly homes in rural areas.

Hengmei Bathroom Porcelain Factory, Yuyao, Zhejiang Province

The Hengmei Bathroom Porcelain Factory in Yuyan, Zhejiang Province specializes in manufacturing bathroom and

In the Bathroom

马桶、浴缸、淋浴室、浴袍……卫生间里的这些小玩意，你知道用英语该怎么表达吗？有没有想过一边洗刷刷一边学英语呢？让我们从最简单的做起吧!Let’s go!

Toiletries ＆ Bathroom Accessories-part II

卫生间可不一定都是臭烘烘的哦！指甲剪、电吹风、喷雾……这些小玩意。你知道用英语该怎么表达吗？有没有想过一边洗刷刷一边学英语昵？让我们从最简单的做起吧!Let’s go!

No Power Consumption Design of a New-style Mechanical Unit Bathroom

The paper is based on the fact of serious water shortage and the coming of a LC （ low carbon ） lifestyle. The design was guided by demand design and aided by Fluent simulation, it break the normal method of water sav- ing and works out a set of a no power consumption new system of house water saving. The paper makes a detailed presentation of the design ideas and process of a system core ; the simulation result can show the three-dimensional flow and pressure distribution of flow in a system core factuaUy. Consequently, the simulation demonstrates the feasibility and practical applicability of the design.

Shower It,In Your Bathroom

Technology always brings us surprise and change life everyday. What you said,when you do your wool suits domestic cleaning with warm water at about 40° C,at your bathroom?Crazy?Easy-care?Wow,it's all about MerinoFreshTM!

建筑卫生间管井防渗漏施工技术

为解决建筑卫生间管井渗漏问题,本文从管井防渗漏技术原理、特点、施工流程及其操作要点以及工程应用情况等方面介绍了建筑卫生间管井防渗漏施工技术,供同行借鉴参考。

Space for Hygiene in Housing Architecture

In this paper, the author focuses on spaces used for personal hygiene--the bathroom. The paper begins with a description of the hygienic movement in the late 19th century. At that time, urinating took place in semi-public spaces outside the dwelling. Today, the WC has moved well into the dwelling, and in many dwellings, the bathroom has developed as the most private space. Thus, the bathroom can be regarded as the last domain of privacy in today＇s housing, and in a number of new dwellings this quality is exploited in new ways. The development of ＂space for hygiene＂ in the 20th century will be studied by analyzing the spatial organization of dwellings.

Temperature-water and competitive interactions in vitro of two toxic black molds,Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus stolonifer isolated from a shower setting

We report differences in secondary resource capture and upper lethal temperature as survival attributes for Fusarium oxysporum(FOSC)and Rhizopus stolonifer,two medically important fungi that were co-isolated from a table shower caddy.Isolates of these two shower-associated fungi have been deposited at the University of Alberta Microfungus Collection and Herbarium,Centre for Global Microfungal Biodiversity(UAMH,Toronto,CAN)as R.stolonifer UAMH 11965 and F.oxysporum(FOSC)UAMH 11966;this paper provides growth characteristics for these two strains that can be used for further studies on black molds in bathrooms given the relevance to public health.Both R.stolonifer UAMH 11965 and F.oxysporum(FOSC)UAMH 11966 require contact with a wet surface substrate with water activity≥0.95 aw for growth and sporulation.In contrast to F.oxysporum,R.stolonifer has a 4-6x,faster radial growth rate,superior colonizing ability,and capacity for overgrowth(exploitative competition).This F.oxysporum(FOSC)strain,however,is thermotolerant,as demonstrated by broader thermal growth range and higher optimum temperature,which puts fewer limitations on its growth compared to R.stolonifer.This is a point of public awareness for mold-sensitive and immunocompromised people that wet,wood substrates in a shower can permit colonization and competitive interactions that can concentrate R.stolonifer and F.oxysporum spores.

Two Weeks in the Bathroom?

翻译难!译此短文,让我满头冒汗!标题看似简单,其实不然。什么是bathroom?不就是“浴室”吗?读了文章的第一段,我便轻易认为:文章讲美国人在“浴室”里平均每年要待上两周时间。读完全文,方才醒悟:文章主要不是讲“洗浴”,而是讲“如厕”!这里的bathroom并不宜译“浴室”,而应译“卫生间”,甚至“厕所”!我们所说的家里的“卫生间”,在美国则被称为bathroom!另外,文中反复出现overactive bladder,我们绝对不能将它直译成“过分积极的膀胱”!an unexpected call from nature也绝不能直译成“一个没有预料到的自然的号召”,另 外,Altering daily activities to accommodate immediate access to a bathroom is a behavior often consistent with symptoms of overactive bladder一句说得何等文绉绉!岂能直译?笔者虽已尽力,译文谬误一定不少,请读者指正。】

Development of a Tribofidelic Human Heel Surrogate for Barefoot Slip Testing

Barefoot slips contribute to over 37% of recurrent fall-related injuries across all age groups.To study slip risk across a wide range of flooring conditions,slip meters with barefoot surrogates(i.e.,sensors,as per ASTM standard nomenclature)such as animal skins and rubbers have been used to date,which exhibit biomechanical and frictional properties widely different from the barefoot human skin.Development of a surrogate which can accurately simulate the human heel skin properties would be immensely beneficial for realistic assessment of barefoot slipping risk.A novel surrogate was developed using 3D scanning and printing,and biomimetics,which precisely simulates the biomechanical and frictional properties of the barefoot human heel skin.Mechanical slip testing was conducted with this surrogate on three common bathroom floorings and with six different contaminants.Coefficient of Friction(COF)results similar to human slipping experiments,high repeatability and reproducibility across wet and oily flooring conditions,were confirmed through experiments with the developed heel skin surrogate.The heel skin surrogate would be an indispensable model for accurate estimation of barefoot risk against slips and falls in bathrooms,bathtubs,and swimming pools.