In recent earthquakes, a large number of reinforced concrete （RC） bridges were severely damaged due to mixed flexure-shear failure modes of the bridge piers. An integrated experimental and finite element （FE） anal...In recent earthquakes, a large number of reinforced concrete （RC） bridges were severely damaged due to mixed flexure-shear failure modes of the bridge piers. An integrated experimental and finite element （FE） analysis study is described in this paper to study the seismic performance of the bridge piers that failed in flexure-shear modes. In the first part, a nonlinear cyclic loading test on six RC bridge piers with circular cross sections is carried out experimentally. The damage states, ductility and energy dissipation parameters, stiffness degradation and shear strength of the piers are studied and compared with each other. The experimental results suggest that all the piers exhibit stable flexural response at displacement ductilities up to four before exhibiting brittle shear failure. The ultimate performance of the piers is dominated by shear capacity due to significant shear cracking, and in some cases, rupturing of spiral bars. In the second part, modeling approaches describing the hysteretic behavior of the piers are investigated by using ANSYS software. A set of models with different parameters is selected and evaluated through comparison with experimental results. The influences of the shear retention coefficients between concrete cracks, the Bauschinger effect in longitudinal reinforcement, the bond-slip relationship between the longitudinal reinforcement and the concrete and the concrete failure surface on the simulated hysteretic curves are discussed. Then, a modified analysis model is presented and its accuracy is verified by comparing the simulated results with experimental ones. This research uses models available in commercial FE codes and is intended for researchers and engineers interested in using ANSYS software to predict the hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete structures.展开更多
An experimental study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of a proposed rapid repair technique for severely earthquake-damaged bridge piers with flexural-shear failure mode. Six circular pier specimens were f...An experimental study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of a proposed rapid repair technique for severely earthquake-damaged bridge piers with flexural-shear failure mode. Six circular pier specimens were first tested to severe damage in flexural-shear mode and repaired using early-strength concrete with high-fluidity and carbon fiber reinforced polymers （CFRP）. After about four days, the repaired specimens were tested to failure again. The seismic behavior of the repaired specimens was evaluated and compared to the original specimens. Test results indicate that the proposed repair technique is highly effective. Both shear strength and lateral displacement of the repaired piers increased when compared to the original specimens, and the failure mechanism of the piers shifted from flexural-shear failure to ductile flexural failure. Finally, a simple design model based on the Seible formulation for post-earthquake repair design was compared to the experimental results. It is concluded that the design equation for bridge pier strengthening before an earthquake could be applicable to seismic repairs after an earthquake if the shear strength contribution of the spiral bars in the repaired piers is disregarded and 1.5 times more FRP sheets is provided.展开更多
开展钢筋混凝土薄壁空心桥墩抗震问题的研究,对保证大型桥梁结构抗震安全具有重要意义。首先设计2个矩形薄壁空心墩试件,分别进行定轴力和变轴力下的拟静力试验,发现试件前期破坏以弯曲和剪切开裂为主,其后发生混凝土压碎脱落,纵筋屈曲...开展钢筋混凝土薄壁空心桥墩抗震问题的研究,对保证大型桥梁结构抗震安全具有重要意义。首先设计2个矩形薄壁空心墩试件,分别进行定轴力和变轴力下的拟静力试验,发现试件前期破坏以弯曲和剪切开裂为主,其后发生混凝土压碎脱落,纵筋屈曲等现象;最终试件薄壁发生突然的失稳破坏,引起桥墩倒塌。基于薄壁空心墩试验结果对国内外主要桥梁抗震设计规范和学者们提出的抗剪分析模型进行对比分析,认为我国《公路桥梁抗震设计细则》和欧洲Eurocode 8规范较为准确的计算了各试件抗剪强度或得到偏于保守的结果,可用于薄壁空心墩的抗剪设计;UCSD模型和Aschhiem模型高估了试件的抗剪能力,不适合于对薄壁空心桥墩的抗剪强度分析,而提出的改进的UCSD模型很好的预测了薄壁空心墩的抗剪强度。修正的压力场理论(Modified Compression Field Theory,MCFT)计算的薄壁空心墩抗剪强度最为准确。展开更多
低矮桥墩在高速铁路中被广泛采用,该类桥墩具有低纵筋率、低剪跨比、纵桥与横桥向剪跨比差别大等特点.为比较低矮桥墩纵桥与横桥两方向的抗震性能,根据模型相似理论,以典型的高速铁路圆端形桥墩为原型,墩高取8 m、16 m 2种,设计了4个桥...低矮桥墩在高速铁路中被广泛采用,该类桥墩具有低纵筋率、低剪跨比、纵桥与横桥向剪跨比差别大等特点.为比较低矮桥墩纵桥与横桥两方向的抗震性能,根据模型相似理论,以典型的高速铁路圆端形桥墩为原型,墩高取8 m、16 m 2种,设计了4个桥墩模型,分别在纵桥与横桥方向进行了单向低周反复荷载试验,得到两方向的滞回曲线、骨架曲线以及桥墩破坏形态.试验结果表明,横桥向剪跨比为1.35的模型,表现出了剪切破坏模式,延性较差;而横桥向剪跨比为2.13的模型,墩底出现了少量的弯剪裂缝,但其破坏模式仍为弯曲破坏.顺桥向桥墩模型的破坏模式均为弯曲破坏,与已有试验结果相同.当进行高速铁路低剪跨比桥墩的抗震设计时,应保证地震作用下的桥墩横桥抗剪承载力以避免发生剪切破坏.展开更多
基金Supported by:National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant No.50878033 and National Special Foundation of Earthquake Science of China Under Grant No.200808021
文摘In recent earthquakes, a large number of reinforced concrete （RC） bridges were severely damaged due to mixed flexure-shear failure modes of the bridge piers. An integrated experimental and finite element （FE） analysis study is described in this paper to study the seismic performance of the bridge piers that failed in flexure-shear modes. In the first part, a nonlinear cyclic loading test on six RC bridge piers with circular cross sections is carried out experimentally. The damage states, ductility and energy dissipation parameters, stiffness degradation and shear strength of the piers are studied and compared with each other. The experimental results suggest that all the piers exhibit stable flexural response at displacement ductilities up to four before exhibiting brittle shear failure. The ultimate performance of the piers is dominated by shear capacity due to significant shear cracking, and in some cases, rupturing of spiral bars. In the second part, modeling approaches describing the hysteretic behavior of the piers are investigated by using ANSYS software. A set of models with different parameters is selected and evaluated through comparison with experimental results. The influences of the shear retention coefficients between concrete cracks, the Bauschinger effect in longitudinal reinforcement, the bond-slip relationship between the longitudinal reinforcement and the concrete and the concrete failure surface on the simulated hysteretic curves are discussed. Then, a modified analysis model is presented and its accuracy is verified by comparing the simulated results with experimental ones. This research uses models available in commercial FE codes and is intended for researchers and engineers interested in using ANSYS software to predict the hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete structures.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant No.51008041 and 50978042the National Special Foundation of Earthquake Science of China Under Grant No.200808021the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities Under Grant No.2011JC011
文摘An experimental study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of a proposed rapid repair technique for severely earthquake-damaged bridge piers with flexural-shear failure mode. Six circular pier specimens were first tested to severe damage in flexural-shear mode and repaired using early-strength concrete with high-fluidity and carbon fiber reinforced polymers （CFRP）. After about four days, the repaired specimens were tested to failure again. The seismic behavior of the repaired specimens was evaluated and compared to the original specimens. Test results indicate that the proposed repair technique is highly effective. Both shear strength and lateral displacement of the repaired piers increased when compared to the original specimens, and the failure mechanism of the piers shifted from flexural-shear failure to ductile flexural failure. Finally, a simple design model based on the Seible formulation for post-earthquake repair design was compared to the experimental results. It is concluded that the design equation for bridge pier strengthening before an earthquake could be applicable to seismic repairs after an earthquake if the shear strength contribution of the spiral bars in the repaired piers is disregarded and 1.5 times more FRP sheets is provided.
文摘开展钢筋混凝土薄壁空心桥墩抗震问题的研究,对保证大型桥梁结构抗震安全具有重要意义。首先设计2个矩形薄壁空心墩试件,分别进行定轴力和变轴力下的拟静力试验,发现试件前期破坏以弯曲和剪切开裂为主,其后发生混凝土压碎脱落,纵筋屈曲等现象;最终试件薄壁发生突然的失稳破坏,引起桥墩倒塌。基于薄壁空心墩试验结果对国内外主要桥梁抗震设计规范和学者们提出的抗剪分析模型进行对比分析,认为我国《公路桥梁抗震设计细则》和欧洲Eurocode 8规范较为准确的计算了各试件抗剪强度或得到偏于保守的结果,可用于薄壁空心墩的抗剪设计;UCSD模型和Aschhiem模型高估了试件的抗剪能力,不适合于对薄壁空心桥墩的抗剪强度分析,而提出的改进的UCSD模型很好的预测了薄壁空心墩的抗剪强度。修正的压力场理论(Modified Compression Field Theory,MCFT)计算的薄壁空心墩抗剪强度最为准确。
文摘低矮桥墩在高速铁路中被广泛采用,该类桥墩具有低纵筋率、低剪跨比、纵桥与横桥向剪跨比差别大等特点.为比较低矮桥墩纵桥与横桥两方向的抗震性能,根据模型相似理论,以典型的高速铁路圆端形桥墩为原型,墩高取8 m、16 m 2种,设计了4个桥墩模型,分别在纵桥与横桥方向进行了单向低周反复荷载试验,得到两方向的滞回曲线、骨架曲线以及桥墩破坏形态.试验结果表明,横桥向剪跨比为1.35的模型,表现出了剪切破坏模式,延性较差;而横桥向剪跨比为2.13的模型,墩底出现了少量的弯剪裂缝,但其破坏模式仍为弯曲破坏.顺桥向桥墩模型的破坏模式均为弯曲破坏,与已有试验结果相同.当进行高速铁路低剪跨比桥墩的抗震设计时,应保证地震作用下的桥墩横桥抗剪承载力以避免发生剪切破坏.
