Robert Penn Warren(1905-1989) is one of twentieth-century America's most distinguished men of letters.Honored with three Pulitzer Prizes,Warren is the only writer who has been a Pulitzer Prize winner in two differ...Robert Penn Warren(1905-1989) is one of twentieth-century America's most distinguished men of letters.Honored with three Pulitzer Prizes,Warren is the only writer who has been a Pulitzer Prize winner in two different genres-poetry and fiction.In 1986,Warren was crowned as the first American Poet Laureate.Though he is a Renaissance man of letters in many genres,the central thrust of Warren's literary career lies in the field of poetry.Love and knowledge are the two themes which penetrate his sixty years' poetic career.Based on textual analysis,applying the method of close reading,the present study intends to explore the sound patterning,metaphor,tension and the technical devices which reinforce the theme of love and knowledge in the poem of the Bearded Oaks.展开更多
Background: Overlapping of successive broods is a relatively rare breeding strategy that allows individuals to make effective use of the available reproductive window.Methods: In this paper we analyse the occurrence o...Background: Overlapping of successive broods is a relatively rare breeding strategy that allows individuals to make effective use of the available reproductive window.Methods: In this paper we analyse the occurrence of overlapping breeding attempts in the Bearded Tit(Panurus biarmicus), a non-migratory passerine species, whose peripheral populations vary enormously in numbers.Results: The colour-ringed population of Bearded Tits was studied in western Poland in 1990, 2012–2013 and 2015–2017. Overlapping broods were found only during years with low population sizes and low densities(1.2–3.6 pairs per 10 ha), and pairs with such broods constituted 11.1–20%. In years with higher population densities(8.7–13.44 pairs per 10 ha) overlapping broods were not recorded. Pairs started building the next(overlapping) nests when their young were 3–10 days old. They divided their duties while rearing two broods simultaneously: females were occupied only with the new clutch, while males, in contrast to other species with brood overlap, not only fed the young from an earlier brood, but also helped the females with the building of a new nest and incubation of a new clutch.Conclusions: Laying overlapping clutches enabled pairs to shorten their average breeding cycle by 15–21 days and produce more offspring. It is possible that overlapping breeding attempts is a density-dependant strategy, enabling the population to restore after severe declines, however, alternative explanations are also possible. Future studies are needed to better understand mechanisms underlying the occurrence of this phenomenon.展开更多
Grace sat in her little room,writing a letter by the light of an oillamp.It was very late.In the upper right-hand corner of the page,shewrote her address and the date: Westfield,Chautauque Co
Objective To reconstruct beard with single-follicular-unit grafts in patients with upper lip scar.Methods From May 2001 to May 2005,one-hair follicular units were harvested to treat 20 patients with partial beard loss...Objective To reconstruct beard with single-follicular-unit grafts in patients with upper lip scar.Methods From May 2001 to May 2005,one-hair follicular units were harvested to treat 20 patients with partial beard loss due to scar formation,9 out of whom resulting from repair of congenital lip cleft.During the operation,a 1-2mm two-edged sapphire knife was used to make micro-slits.Results A 6-month follow-up revealed that 20 patients recovered quickly and looked natural,with small blood loss and high survival rate,yet 3 with severe scar needed a two-stage operation.Conclusion One-hair follicular unit transplantation is a good option for patients with cicatrical beard loss.展开更多
Artificial animals are increasingly used as conspecific stimuli in animal behavior research.However,researchers often have an incomplete understanding of how the species under study perceives conspecifics,and,he...Artificial animals are increasingly used as conspecific stimuli in animal behavior research.However,researchers often have an incomplete understanding of how the species under study perceives conspecifics,and,hence,which features are needed for a stimulus to be perceived appropriately.To investigate the features that bearded dragons(Pogona vitticeps)attend to,we measured their lateralized eye use when assessing a successive range of stimuli.These ranged through several stages of realism in artificial conspecifics,to see how features such as color,the presence of eyes,body shape and motion influence behavior.We found differences in lateralized eye use depending on the sex of the observing bearded dragon and the artificial conspecific,as well as the artificial conspecific’s behavior.Therefore,this approach can inform the design of robotic animals that elicit biologically-meaningful responses in live animals.展开更多
文章首段,很有“噱头”,让人一惊:美国911事件的幕后策划者本·拉登被捕获了?第二段才揭开谜底:The man, who had a beard, was later released(释放)。本文的幽默一笔是:a crowd had gathered outside the police station Tuesday ...文章首段,很有“噱头”,让人一惊:美国911事件的幕后策划者本·拉登被捕获了?第二段才揭开谜底:The man, who had a beard, was later released(释放)。本文的幽默一笔是:a crowd had gathered outside the police station Tuesday for a glimpse(一瞥)of the bin Laden look-alike.展开更多
文摘Robert Penn Warren(1905-1989) is one of twentieth-century America's most distinguished men of letters.Honored with three Pulitzer Prizes,Warren is the only writer who has been a Pulitzer Prize winner in two different genres-poetry and fiction.In 1986,Warren was crowned as the first American Poet Laureate.Though he is a Renaissance man of letters in many genres,the central thrust of Warren's literary career lies in the field of poetry.Love and knowledge are the two themes which penetrate his sixty years' poetic career.Based on textual analysis,applying the method of close reading,the present study intends to explore the sound patterning,metaphor,tension and the technical devices which reinforce the theme of love and knowledge in the poem of the Bearded Oaks.
基金supported by personal fundings of Janusz Stepniewskiby the University of Wroclaw(Projects 1073/S/SORM/2017)
文摘Background: Overlapping of successive broods is a relatively rare breeding strategy that allows individuals to make effective use of the available reproductive window.Methods: In this paper we analyse the occurrence of overlapping breeding attempts in the Bearded Tit(Panurus biarmicus), a non-migratory passerine species, whose peripheral populations vary enormously in numbers.Results: The colour-ringed population of Bearded Tits was studied in western Poland in 1990, 2012–2013 and 2015–2017. Overlapping broods were found only during years with low population sizes and low densities(1.2–3.6 pairs per 10 ha), and pairs with such broods constituted 11.1–20%. In years with higher population densities(8.7–13.44 pairs per 10 ha) overlapping broods were not recorded. Pairs started building the next(overlapping) nests when their young were 3–10 days old. They divided their duties while rearing two broods simultaneously: females were occupied only with the new clutch, while males, in contrast to other species with brood overlap, not only fed the young from an earlier brood, but also helped the females with the building of a new nest and incubation of a new clutch.Conclusions: Laying overlapping clutches enabled pairs to shorten their average breeding cycle by 15–21 days and produce more offspring. It is possible that overlapping breeding attempts is a density-dependant strategy, enabling the population to restore after severe declines, however, alternative explanations are also possible. Future studies are needed to better understand mechanisms underlying the occurrence of this phenomenon.
文摘Grace sat in her little room,writing a letter by the light of an oillamp.It was very late.In the upper right-hand corner of the page,shewrote her address and the date: Westfield,Chautauque Co
文摘Objective To reconstruct beard with single-follicular-unit grafts in patients with upper lip scar.Methods From May 2001 to May 2005,one-hair follicular units were harvested to treat 20 patients with partial beard loss due to scar formation,9 out of whom resulting from repair of congenital lip cleft.During the operation,a 1-2mm two-edged sapphire knife was used to make micro-slits.Results A 6-month follow-up revealed that 20 patients recovered quickly and looked natural,with small blood loss and high survival rate,yet 3 with severe scar needed a two-stage operation.Conclusion One-hair follicular unit transplantation is a good option for patients with cicatrical beard loss.
文摘Artificial animals are increasingly used as conspecific stimuli in animal behavior research.However,researchers often have an incomplete understanding of how the species under study perceives conspecifics,and,hence,which features are needed for a stimulus to be perceived appropriately.To investigate the features that bearded dragons(Pogona vitticeps)attend to,we measured their lateralized eye use when assessing a successive range of stimuli.These ranged through several stages of realism in artificial conspecifics,to see how features such as color,the presence of eyes,body shape and motion influence behavior.We found differences in lateralized eye use depending on the sex of the observing bearded dragon and the artificial conspecific,as well as the artificial conspecific’s behavior.Therefore,this approach can inform the design of robotic animals that elicit biologically-meaningful responses in live animals.
文摘文章首段,很有“噱头”,让人一惊:美国911事件的幕后策划者本·拉登被捕获了?第二段才揭开谜底:The man, who had a beard, was later released(释放)。本文的幽默一笔是:a crowd had gathered outside the police station Tuesday for a glimpse(一瞥)of the bin Laden look-alike.
