Mitigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in roasted beef patties by cold plasma treatment and products quality evaluation

The cold plasma(CP)technique was applied to alleviate the contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH)in this investigation.Two different CP treatments methods were implemented in the production of beef patties,to investigate their inhibition and degradation capacity on PAHs.With 5 different cooking oils and fats addition,the inhibition mechanism of in-package cold plasma(ICP)pretreatment was explored from the aspect of raw patties fatty acids composition variation.The results of principal component analysis showed that the first two principal components accounted for more than 80%of the total variation in the original data,indicating that the content of saturated fatty acids was significantly positively correlated with the formation of PAHs.ICP pretreatment inhibited the formation of PAHs by changing the composition of fatty acids,which showed that the total amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased and the total amount of monounsaturated fatty acids increased.Sensory discrimination tests demonstrated there were discernable differences between 2 CP treated samples and the controls,utilization of the ICP pretreatment in meat products processing was expected to achieve satisfying eating quality.In conclusion,CP treatment degraded PAHs through stepwise ring-opening oxidation in 2 reported pathways,the toxicity of PAHs contaminated products was alleviated after CP treatment.

Assessing the Environmental Impact of Extensive Beef Production in Grazing Lands of Argentina

Because of environmental constraints,beef cattle was for more than a century the only viable farming option in the extensive semiarid and subhumid lands of Argentina and the main source of nutrients for humans as well.However,a growing concern and criticism have risen today about its possible negative impact on the climate and the environment.These worries tend to affect current public opinions,national policies,and international trade.Based on 40 beef cattle farms scattered across different semiarid and subhumid regions of Argentina,here we evaluated the impact of extensive cattle production on carbon,water,and nutrient pollution.Life-Cycle Assessment(LCA)and Land-Based Assessment(LBA)were the two approaches we used here to compare the environmental impact of beef production.While the environmental footprint(EF)resulting from LCA expresses the impact per unit of food,the environmental balance(EB),derived from LBA,aims at quantifying the impact per unit of land.As such,the EB considers both negative and positive impacts on the farm as an integrated system.Following standardized procedures,we evaluated EF and EB up to the farm gate,leaving aside delocalized post-farm impacts such as those of processing,packaging,and transportation that occur beyond the farm gate.In agreement with previous evidence,our results show that the EF tends to decrease as per-head production increases.Correlation coefficients and statistical significance were the following for carbon(R=−0.574;p<0.01),water(R=−0.561;p<0.01),and N(R=−0.704;p<0.01)and Phosphorus(P)pollution(R=−0.802;p<0.01)footprints.On the contrary,the EB seems to be highly sensitive,and as per-hectare beef production increases.Correlations were the following for carbon emissions(CE:R=0.955;p<0.01),water consumption(WC:R=0.822;p<0.01),nitrogen excretion(NE:R=0.948;p<0.01)and phosphorus excretion(PE:R=0.945;p<0.01).What our results suggest is that the notion of EF is useful to evaluate the environmental impact in intensive beef production systems,and the EB is suitable to assess the impact of the extensive ones.In practice,both approaches provide different perspectives on the environmental-impact problem and they should be complementary used.We concluded that the methodological rigidity of EF does not allow proper discrimination among farms in the extensive systems.On the contrary,the EB approach tended to be highly sensitive to detecting differences between individual farms and farmers,thus allowing the identification of successful options for extensive beef production in terms of public image,policy-making,and commercial opportunities.

Effects of Plant Oil Mixture on Production Performance,Carcass and Beef Quality in Beef Cattle

[Objective] To study the effects of plant oil mixture on production performance, carcass and beef quality in beef cattle. [Method] Single-factor randomized blocks design was used. Sixteen healthy Yanbian yellow bulls having close body weight were selected and randomly divided into four groups, four cattle per group. Been oil, safflower oil and sunflower oil were mixed respectively at a volume ratio of 11：5：4. The oil blend was added to the daily diets of beef cattle respectively at a proportion of 4%, 5% and 6%. The effects of the plant oil mixture on production performance, carcass and beef quality were investigated. [ Result.] Compared with the control cattle, the experimental cattle had significantly lower feed intake （P 〈 0.05）, non-significantly higher efficiency of feed utilization, and significantly lower digestibility of crude fiber and calcium （P 〈 0.05）. With the increasing level of plant oil, the digestibility of dry matter showed a decreasing trend. The digestibility of dry matter was significantly lower in the cattle fed on the plant oil mixture at a level of 6% than in the control （ P 〈 0.05）. The plant oil mixture had no effect on the digestibility of crude protein, ether extract, crude ash, nitrogen-free extract and phosphorus. With the increasing level of plant oil, the serum content of high-density lipoprotein showed an increasing trend. The serum content of high-density lipoprotein was significantly higher in the cattle fed on the plant oil mixture at a level of 6% than in the control （ P 〈 0.05）. With the increasing level of plant oil, the content of total cholesterol showed an increasing trend, whereas the content of low-density lipoprotein showed a decreasing trend. Moreover, other indicators did not change significantly. The experimental cattle had larger eye muscle area and better beef quality than the control group. The content of crude protein and ether extract in beef increased with the increasing level of plant oil. [ Conclusion] The plant oil mixture added to the daily feed decreases intake and digestibility of crude fiber and calcium but has no remarkable effect on production performance of beef cattle. The addition also increases eye muscle area and improves beef quality, thereby improving quality of carcass and beef. The proportion of the plant oil mixture should be added at a proportion lower than 5%.

Antimicrobial usage and resistance in beef production

Antimicrobials are critical to contemporary high-intensity beef production. Many different antimicrobials are approved for beef cattle, and are used judiciously for animal welfare, and controversially, to promote growth and feed efficiency. Antimicrobial administration provides a powerful selective pressure that acts on the microbial community, selecting for resistance gene determinants and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria resident in the bovine flora. The bovine microbiota includes many harmless bacteria, but also opportunistic pathogens that may acquire and propagate resistance genes within the microbial community via horizontal gene transfer. Antimicrobial-resistant bovine pathogens can also complicate the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in beef feedlots,threatening the efficiency of the beef production system. Likewise, the transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes to bovine-associated human pathogens is a potential public health concern. This review outlines current antimicrobial use practices pertaining to beef production, and explores the frequency of antimicrobial resistance in major bovine pathogens. The effect of antimicrobials on the composition of the bovine microbiota is examined, as are the effects on the beef production resistome. Antimicrobial resistance is further explored within the context of the wider beef production continuum, with emphasis on antimicrobial resistance genes in the food chain, and risk to the human population.

Effects of Different Compound Trace Element Premixed Materials on Beef Cattle Production Performance and Anti-oxidation Capacity

In this study,the effects of two types of premixed materials with different combinations of trace elements on the production performance and antioxidant capacity of simmental beef cattle were examined.Fifteen healthy simmental beef cattle of similar weight(approximately 330 kg),the same age(12 months),without castration,and a good physique were divided into three groups,with five beef cattle in each group.Food of Group Ⅰ beef cattle was supplemented with a commercially marketed 5% compound trace element premixture for fine beef cattle.Food of Group Ⅱ beef cattle was supplemented with a 5% compound microelement premixture for beef cattle that was designed to address local nutrient deficiencies and surpluses.In the blank control group,the beef cattle were not fed a premixture.The pretest period was 15 days,and the test period was divided into prefattening(45 days)and postfattening(45 days)stages.Body weight and body size indices were recorded at 1,2 and 3 months,and blood samples were collected regularly.In Group Ⅰ,the daily weight gain increased significantly by 15.7% compared with that of the control group.The largest daily weight gain was in Group Ⅱ,which increased by 31.6% compared with that in the control.During the test period of 90 days,the body size indices of the three different groups increased in different months,with significant increases in the indices for both test groups compared with those of the control.In Group Ⅰ,the activity of CP,the total activity of SOD and Cu-Zn-SOD increased significantly(p<0.05)compared with those in the control group,with a highly significant increase observed in GSH-PX activity(p<0.01).In Group Ⅱ,the increases in the activity of CP and the total activity of SOD and Cu-Zn-SOD were highly significant compared with those in the control group(p<0.01).In addition,a significant increase was observed in GSH-PX activity(p<0.05).Based on pretest results,the concentrations of Cu,Zn,Mo,Mn,Se and Co in the blood of experimental beef cattle were lower than those of the normal range.After feeding for 90 days,the concentrations of Cu,Zn,Mo,Mn,Se and Co in the blood of Groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.05).The concentrations of elements in the blood of Group Ⅱ were close to the appropriate levels.Thus,the effects of the specifically designed compound microelement premixture on the prevention of nutrient imbalances and control of beef cattle nutrition metabolism and the production of fattened beef cattle were significant.

Implications of Land Use Land Cover Change and Climate Variability on Future Prospects of Beef Cattle Production in the Lake Victoria Basin

This paper presents the lessons learnt from a research project titled “Improving Beef Cattle Productivity for Enhanced Food Security and Efficient Utilization of Natural Resources in the Lake Victoria Basin” which includes Tanzania, Uganda and Rwanda. The key focus is on the implications of land use land cover change and climate variability on the future prospects of beef cattle production in this region. The study utilizes information and data from natural resources and climate components to deduce the impact of land use and land cover changes on climate variability. Additional analysis is conducted to summarize the land use and land cover data to carry out analysis on climate data using the Mann-Kendal test, linear regression and moving averages to reveal patterns of change and trends in annual and seasonal rainfall and temperature. The findings reveal that the study areas of Rwanda, Uganda and Tanzania in the Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) have changed over time following land cover manipulations and land use change, coupled with climate variability. The grazing land has been converted to agriculture and settlements, thereby reducing cattle grazing land which is the cheapest and major feed source for ruminant livestock production. Although the cattle population has been on the increase in the same period, it has been largely attributed to the fact that the carrying capacity of available grazing areas had not been attained. The current stocking rates in the LVB reveal that the rangelands are greatly overstocked and overgrazed with land degradation already evidenced in some areas. Climate variability coupled with a decrease in grazing resources is driving unprecedented forage scarcity which is now a major limiting factor to cattle production. Crop cultivation and settlement expansion are major land use types overtaking grazing lands;therefore the incorporation of crop residues into ruminant feeding systems could be a feasible way to curtail rangeland degradation and increase beef cattle production.

Growth Modeling of Charolais and Serrana Soriana Native Spanish Beef Cattle

The alternative productions, increasingly importance, are based on the rational utilization of the resources, on agreement with the environment and the use of autochthonous breeds that many cases are found in danger of disappearance, due to the tact that their suckling is not economically profitable. A way of predicting and knowing the growth of the animals is using mathematical models. This work presented the results of the estimate of the growth according to the Gompertz-Laird model of males of the atttochthonous breed Serrana Soriana and Charolais. The weight to the birth of the breed calfs Charolais （45.14 kg）, was superior to those of Serrana Soriana （40.13 kg）, and presented a greater relative growth （9.9%） before the inflection point of the growth curve： furthermore it ~as also superior to the maximum decline relative after this point （6%）, Serrana Soriana reached 7 days after the maximum growth point but with a smaller weight （315.05 kg vs 384.76 kg）. It was calculated a weight to the maturity of 1 ,（176.91） kg for Charolais and 856.40 kg for Serrana Soriana.

Modelling Manure Production in Beef Calves: Development, Evaluation, and Application of a Complete vs. Simplified Prediction Model

There has been increased interest in quantifying the manure production of livestock, primarily driven by public authorities, who aim to evaluate the environmental impact of livestock production, but also at the farm level, to manage manure storage and availability of fertilizer for crop production. Moreover, current manure production estimates from intensively reared beef calves are higher than actual production due to changes in farming systems, advances in animal genetics and feed efficiency. This study aims to redefine and update manure production estimates in intensively reared beef calves to predict manure production as a policy and planning tool, as there are no current models available. A trial was conducted to collect data on manure production during the growing-finishing period (243 d) of 54 Limousine calves (from 346.7 to 674.0 kg live weight, LW). Such data were used to develop two models to predict manure excretion: (1) a complex mechanistic model (CompM), and (2) a simplified empirical model (SimpM). Both models were evaluated against an independent dataset including a total of 4,692 animals on 31 farms and 5 breeds. Results from CompM require interpretation because the model does not output a single value but a range of manure production (minimum, medium and maximum), and would therefore be more suitable for professional use. The SimpM could be considered simple, reliable, and versatile for predicting manure excretion at farm level. SimpM could be refined and improved by including data from other studies on beef cattle with distinct characteristics and management.

The scope for manipulating the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of beef:a review

Since 1950, links between intake of saturated fatty acids and heart disease have led to recommendations to limit consumption of saturated fatty acid-rich foods, including beef. Over this time, changes in food consumption patterns in several countries including Canada and the USA have not led to improvements in health. Instead, the incidence of obesity, type II diabetes and associated diseases have reached epidemic proportions owing in part to replacement of dietary fat with refined carbohydrates. Despite the content of saturated fatty acids in beef, it is also rich in heart healthy cis-monounsaturated fatty acids, and can be an important source of long-chain omega-3（n-3） fatty acids in populations where little or no oily fish is consumed. Beef also contains polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation products,including vaccenic and rumenic acids, which have been shown to have anticarcinogenic and hypolipidemic properties in cell culture and animal models. Beef can be enriched with these beneficial fatty acids through manipulation of beef cattle diets, which is now more important than ever because of increasing public understanding of the relationships between diet and health. The present review examines recommendations for beef in human diets, the need to recognize the complex nature of beef fat, how cattle diets and management can alter the fatty acid composition of beef, and to what extent content claims are currently possible for beef fatty acids.

Economics of early weaning in northern great plains beef cattle production system

Early removal of the calf from its dam reduces forage needs of the cow-calf enterprise and has been found to improve BW gain and pregnancy rates in the cow herd. However, early weaning may not always be economically viable for producers and the risk should be considered carefully. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of early and normal weaning of steer and heifer calves on net income at weaning. Calves from Angus xHereforddams were randomly assigned to one of two weaning treatments. Calves were either early weaned (EW) at 80-d of age or remained with their dams until normal weaning (NW) at 213-d of age. Calves assigned to EW treatment received a 17.5% crude protein and 0.82 Mcal/kg net energy diet for approximately 130-d in a drylot. All economic analyses were conducted at normal weaning for both NW and EW calves. At normal weaning, price of steers ($US/kg) was lower (P = 0.003) and weaned steer value ($US/steer) was greater (P P = 0.18) was found in price of heifers ($US/kg) and weaned heifer value ($US/heifer) between NW and EW heifers. Feed cost was increased (P < 0.001) in EW steers and heifers compared to NW calves. Net revenue for both weaned steers and heifers was reduced (P < 0.001) in EW calves due to the feed cost of the growing diet. This study indicates that early weaning calves at 80-d of age decrease weaned calf value and net revenue for the cow-calf segment.

Feed profile analysis of oil palm‐integrated beef cattle farming systems by metabolic energy budgeting and implications for beef production and pastoral system design

Background:Oil palm is a tropical crop with worldwide plantings approaching 20 million ha and large areas in Indonesia,Malaysia and Thailand.The plantations are readily managed as silvopastoral systems incorporating cattle grazing(Oil Palm Silvopastoral System for Cattle,OPSC)but there is a need for analytical tools and data to understand system herbage supply and feed conversion efficiency(FCE).Methods:Metabolic energy budgeting was used to estimate herbage harvested by cattle in three OPSC subsystems,9 and 12 years after oil palm establishment,and FCE of the subsystems was determined.Understorey herbage was also analysed for nutritive value,botanical composition and herbage accumulation within one grazing‐regrowth cycle.Results:The herbage‐harvested estimate was 2.0−2.4 t dry matter(DM)ha^(-1) year^(-1) for 9 year old subsystems and 1.4-1.7 tDMha^(-1) year^(-1) for a 12 year old subsystem.Herbage metabolisable energy(ME)was 8.3−8.5 MJ kg^(-1) DM and crude protein(CP)was 15%-16%DM.FCE values for subsystems ranged from 32 to 94 kg DM kg^(-1) liveweight‐gain.Conclusions:Herbage DM yield is declining,while herbage ME is marginal but CP is adequate.FCE is suboptimal but can be optimised by defining the trajectory of declining herbage production with canopy closure as plantations age and matching stocking rate to herbage supply using a comparativestocking‐rate‐type statistic.

特色腊肉源细菌发酵剂对发酵牛肉品质的影响

目的:研究特色腊肉源细菌对发酵牛肉品质的影响。方法:将来自于湖南湘西腊肉的马葡萄球菌和来自信阳腊肉的肠膜明串珠菌作为发酵菌株,生产发酵牛肉,并将其与地方特色产品及空白组进行对比,分析产品的水分含量、水分活度、pH、蛋白质含量、色泽、质构及感官评价、N-亚硝胺类物质含量等品质指标的差异性。结果:两株菌株单菌株发酵产品亚硝胺含量,显著低于传统腊肉制品(P<0.05);弹性显著高于传统产品(P<0.05);肠膜明串珠菌发酵产品咀嚼性和四川腊肉没有显著性差异(P>0.05);马葡萄球菌发酵产品的硬度显著低于其他处理组(P<0.05),且马葡萄球菌发酵产品的整体接受性最高,但四川绵阳腊肉及湖南湘西腊肉的整体可接受性没有显著差异性(P>0.05)。结论:两种菌株对发酵产品品质影响不同,但都可以作为发酵剂应用于肉制品加工,未来可以考虑将两种菌株进行复配发酵,综合改善产品品质,提高产品安全性。

腊肉源酵母菌对发酵牛肉品质特性的影响

在发酵牛肉加工中,添加源于河南信阳腊肉的季巴蒙毕赤酵母以及四川绵阳腊肉的汉逊德巴利酵母作为发酵菌株,以研究特色腊肉源单菌株发酵对发酵牛肉品质的影响,选择地方特色产品和空白作为对照,进行产品水分含量、水分活度(aw)、pH值、蛋白质含量、亚硝胺含量、质构及感官评价等特性指标的测定与分析。结果表明,两株菌株单菌株发酵牛肉硬度适中,弹性和咀嚼性显著高于传统产品,其整体可接受性和传统腊肉未见显著差异,而且水分含量,pH值与亚硝胺含量显著低于传统腊肉制品。综合分析显示两种酵母菌均可作为发酵剂用于发酵肉制品生产,以提升产品品质和安全性。

甘肃西部地区肉羊与湖羊杂交组合效果研究

试验旨在研究甘肃西部地区杂交一代羊与湖羊纯繁组的生产性能及肉用性能,筛选适宜该区域生态条件的肉羊杂交组合模式。以杜泊羊、澳洲白、萨福克羊为父本,以湖羊为母本开展杂交试验,按照体重、年龄相近的原则,随机选择90只杂交羔羊,分成杜湖组(DHF1组)、澳湖组(AHF1组)和萨湖组(SHF1组),每组3个重复,每个重复10只羊;以30只湖羊纯繁(HHF1组)作为对照组,比较各组F1代羔羊的生长性能、产肉性能及肉品质。结果显示,各试验组F1代羔羊的5月龄体重和平均日增重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),以DHF1组最高。各试验组F1代羔羊的宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积、GR值均高于对照组,其中DHF1组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组羊肉中必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的40%以上,必需氨基酸占非必需氨基酸的70%以上,均高于FAO/WHO的推荐值。综合比较,DHF1组肉用性能较好。研究表明,DHF1组羊生长发育快、屠宰性能高、肉品质相对较好,可作为甘肃西部地区商品肉羊生产的二元杂交模式优先推广应用。

全株玉米青贮饲料的制作及在肉牛养殖中的应用

全株玉米青贮饲料在养殖中的应用范围越来越广,但在实际操作中仍然存在不少问题。本文总结了全株玉米的制作方法及在肉牛养殖中的应用,旨为广大收贮企业规范制作全株玉米青贮饲料及肉牛养殖场户科学饲喂提供参考。

我国肉羊养殖生产全程机械化现状及发展建议

通过国家肉羊产业技术体系、地方畜牧主管部门等组织,对全国13个省市、自治区的113家规模化羊场全程机械化养殖情况进行调研,结果存(出)栏羊规模1万只以上的有20家,占比17.70%,其中3万只以上大型养羊企业8家,仅占7.08%;中小规模羊场(5 000只以下)75家,占比66.37%。按照羊场养殖规模分别对饲草料加工、饲喂、饮水、清粪、消毒、装卸羊等各生产环节机械化水平进行统计分析,自动化饮水占比最高为63.9%,其次为机械化清粪(62.9%)、消毒机械化(42.4%)和TMR饲喂(41.3%),舍内有害气体检测占比最低,仅为8.3%。养殖各生产环节机械化水平随着养殖规模的扩大而提高。影响养殖各生产环节机械化水平的因素主要是肉羊生产本身效率和效益较低,标准化、产业化生产水平低等,表现在不同地域、不同养殖环节机械化水平差异大,肉羊机械装备基础研究薄弱、科技创新能力差,产品标准化程度低,售后维修配套服务差等,建议加强宣传和示范推广工作,加强行业监管,逐步建立与养殖机械化发展水平相适应的监督服务体系,加大基础研究,增强科技创新能力,研究制定相关行业标准,推动行业标准化生产。

磁化水对6月龄肉牛生产性能及血清指标的影响

试验旨在研究磁化水对6月龄肉牛生产性能及血清指标的影响。将同一批6月龄左右、体重约300 kg的西门塔尔架子牛212头,随机分为2组。对照组(110头牛)饮用普通水,试验组(102头牛)饮用磁化水。试验期87 d。结果显示,与普通水相比,磁化水的pH值提高了7.91%,总硬度和耗氧量降低了0.36%和13.70%,磁化前后水的菌落总数和大肠杆菌数均为0。与对照组相比,试验组10 d的平均日采食量和平均日增重分别增加了4.41%和5.36%(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组血清超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性分别提高了32.82%(P<0.05)和73.36%(P<0.01),丙二醛含量降低,免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M含量分别提高了13.85%、3.21%和5.99%,血清尿素氮含量增加了30%(P<0.05),总蛋白含量降低了34.53%(P<0.01),血清胰岛素、生长激素和促生长激素释放激素水平分别提高了10.73%、13.00%和5.04%。研究表明,水被磁化后水质有所改变,磁化水能够增加肉牛采食量和体重,增强血清抗氧化水平、免疫力和生长相关激素水平。

我国地方肉牛品种差异化高质量发展模式探究

近年来,肉牛产业比较效益较低,受猪牛肉市场价格非常态联动以及地方品种普遍的生产效益较低等因素影响,肉牛产业发展的支撑效应逐渐弱化。该文解析了新常态下我国肉牛产业的新特征,并对地方品种支撑肉牛产业差异化发展新模式进行了探究,提出了我国地方肉牛差异化高质量发展模式的关键举措。

日粮中添加不同益生菌水平对肉牛生产性能和肠道菌群的影响

该研究旨在评估在肉牛日粮中添加不同水平的益生菌对肉牛生产性能和肠道菌群的影响。本试验选择体重相近(320±20)kg、健康的西门塔尔杂交肉牛72头,随机分为4组。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组。结果表明,在试验期结束时,与试验Ⅰ组相比较,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组的平均日增重和平均日采食量显著增加(P<0.05),而各组之间的料肉比没有显著差异(P>0.05);与试验Ⅰ组相比较,添加益生菌的试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组可显著提高肉牛中肠道乳酸杆菌的含量(P<0.05),同时显著降低肠道中大肠杆菌的含量(P<0.05),但添加益生菌对肠道中的双歧杆菌和总需氧菌含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。本研究结果表明,在肉牛日粮中添加2%的复合益生菌发酵培养物,能够显著改善肉牛的生产性能,包括增加日增重和改善饲料转化率,对肠道菌群结构具有正向调节作用。

丁酸梭菌对肉羊生产性能、血清生化及瘤胃内环境的影响

为研究丁酸梭菌对肉羊生产性能、血清生化指标及瘤胃内环境的影响,试验选取30只杜湖杂交羊随机分为2组,每组3个重复,每个重复5只羊。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加200 mg/kg的丁酸梭菌。试验期60 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组肉羊的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),料肉比显著降低(P<0.05);试验组血清中白蛋白/球蛋白(ALB/GLB)显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组相比瘤胃液中挥发性脂肪酸含量差异不显著(P>0.05),试验组瘤胃液中的淀粉酶活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。综上,饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌提高了肉羊的生产性能,对肉羊瘤胃内环境没有显著影响。