Behavior, distribution and environmental influence of arsenic in a typical lead smelter

A field study was conducted to determine the behavior and distribution of arsenic during the pyrometallurgy process in a typical SKS(Shuikoushan) lead smelter in Hunan province, China. Environmental influences of arsenic in selected samples were evaluated. Arsenic contents in all input and output samples vary from 0.11% in raw lead to 6.66% in collected dust-2. More arsenic is volatilized in blast furnace and fuming furnace(73.02% of arsenic input) than bottom blowing furnace(10.29% of arsenic input).There are 78.97%, 13.69%, 7.31% of total arsenic distributed in intermediate materials, stockpiled materials and unorganized emissions, respectively. Matte slag-2, collected dust-1 and secondary zinc oxide are hazardous based on the arsenic concentrations of toxicity characteristic leaching procedure. According to risk assessment code(RAC) guideline, arsenic in collected dust-1 poses a very serious risk to the surrounding environment, arsenic in speiss, matte slag-2, water-quenched slag and secondary zinc oxide show low risk, while arsenic in matte slag-1, collected dust-2 and post dust has no risk to the environment.

Influence of Isothermal Treatment on Superelastic Behavior of Cu-13.8Al-4.0Ni(mass fraction) Single Crystals

The superelastic behaviors of different isothermal treated Cu-13.SAl-4.ONi (mass fraction) single crystals were studied by applying tensile stress along <001> of the d phase. The different isothermal specimens have different superelastic behavior due to the change of the ratio of stress-induced r1 and β1. The superelasticity of r1 phase tends to that of g; phase with cycling. Typical stabilization of stress-induced martensite above Ap results in residual deformation. Due to the reverse transformation of 7I, there is a deviation of pseudo-yield stress from linear relation with temperature at relatively low stress.

Dietary Behaviors and Influencing Factors among Rural Left-behind Children Aged below 7 Years in China

Left-behind children comprise a special population inChinese rural areas. According to the 2007 China Census,the number ofleft-behind children aged≤14 years was estimated at 58 million which suggested that these childrencon stituted a

The Influence of Familial Reference Groups on Consumer Decisions in Different Culture Context

This paper examines the influence of familial reference groups on individuals＇ product and brand decisions for products across two kinds of culture. The study is addressed through an examination of intergenerational influences across the two different cultures. The results of the study lend support to the original approach and also provide an insight look into how reference group influence may vary depending on different culture context. The paper also provides very useful advice for marketers when they apply western marketing concepts in China market.

An Evolutionary Adaptive System for Prediction of Strategy Influence:A Case Study of Government Regulation Guided Brand Innovation

Decision making is one of the common human activities.But in complex,interactive,and dynamic systems,it is extremely important to make decisions scientifically because the influence of the behavior after decision making is generally irreversible.The predictability of behavior influence is an effective way to improve the scientific decision making.As a new branch of computing,computational experiment is an emerging management method for research on complex systems.In this paper,based on particle swarm intelligence,an evolutionary adaptive system model of brand innovation in the toy industry cluster is constructed.By imitating the evolution process of the complex adaptive system,this method is helpful to analyze the impact of the management behavior brought to simulation system,predict the management behavior in real world,and finally choose the best management strategy.This simulation tried to figure out the affection of government regulation strategies and provide corresponding assessments and recommendations,which gives a new solution to assist the government to effectively judge the influence of the macro policy,as well as provides a new way of thinking of the related intelligent decision making.

The Dimensions and Influence of China＇s African Power： Applying Theoretical Considerations in Practice

This study applies theoretical properties of inter-nation influence to trace China＇s attempt to affect the behavior of African states. There are some important dimensions of power that place China＇s authority into the context of the African environment, which include scope, domain, weight, and means. In addition, an analytical framework is employed to shed hght on the attempt to influence African states by looking at the concepts of interdependence, the ability to influence the behavior of African states and China＇s preferences regarding this influencing behavior. It is argued that persuasion as an influencing technique expresses China＇s ability to induce African states to act how they might not otherwise do, or even consider. This is in contrast to coercive diplomacy that aims to halt courses African states are already pursuing or to commence with a course they are not pursuing. Influencing the thoughts, behet~ and ideas of African leaders in a multidimensional manner rather than acting as a single entity determines this set of interactions. Attempts to influence the behavior of African states to obtain outcomes are therefore an indispensable part of its African engagement.