Student Behavior Modeling for an E-Learning System Offering Personalized Learning Experiences

With the advent of computing and communication technologies,it has become possible for a learner to expand his or her knowledge irrespective of the place and time.Web-based learning promotes active and independent learning.Large scale e-learning platforms revolutionized the concept of studying and it also paved the way for innovative and effective teaching-learning process.This digital learning improves the quality of teaching and also promotes educational equity.However,the challenges in e-learning platforms include dissimilarities in learner’s ability and needs,lack of student motivation towards learning activities and provision for adaptive learning environment.The quality of learning can be enhanced by analyzing the online learner’s behavioral characteristics and their application of intelligent instructional strategy.It is not possible to identify the difficulties faced during the process through evaluation after the completion of e-learning course.It is thus essential for an e-learning system to include component offering adaptive control of learning and maintain user’s interest level.In this research work,a framework is proposed to analyze the behavior of online learners and motivate the students towards the learning process accordingly so as to increase the rate of learner’s objective attainment.Catering to the demands of e-learner,an intelligent model is presented in this study for e-learning system that apply supervised machine learning algorithm.An adaptive e-learning system suits every category of learner,improves the learner’s performance and paves way for offering personalized learning experiences.

Dynamic Behavior Modeling in Multi-Agent System By Evolutionary Programming

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Design of Simulation Competition Platform Based on Cognitive Behavior Modeling

Cognitive behavior modeling of agent is an important component of simulation system,and there are some difficulties in the simulation of course teaching.When students make simulation experiments about cognitive behavior modeling,such as algorithm design and model construction,there is no simulation competition platform that is controllable,flexible and scalable.To solve this problem,we propose a simulation competition platform based on cognitive behavior modeling,called TankSim,for undergraduate and graduate students.This platform aims to cultivate studenfs team collaboration and innovation capability,and improve their learning motivation.This paper elaborates the proposed platform from three aspects,including demand analysis,platform design,and content design.

Study on Behavior Model in Open Architecture CNC System

Since a CNC controller has different real-time require-ments in difference levels,proper methods for dynamicmodeling must be employed when a CNC controller isdesigned.Based on behavior model in this paper,a newdynamic modeling method is given and used to analyzethe life cycle of application objects and their interactionsin an open architecture CNC controller modeling.Be-sides,the paper develop a solution how to realize recon-figurable structures in CNC systems and seamless con-nection between fuuction modules and system.

Lewin Behavior Model-Based Study on Influence Factors of Individuals to Mobile Service Demand

How to find main influence factors of individuals to mobile service demand is investigated. The empirical research is conducted in the sample of high-value customers in China mobile market. Based on Lewin behavior model, this paper establishes factors-matrix from personal and environmental dimensions. Relationships among multiple factors are tested in the structural equation model and their impacts on customers' demands are elaborated. Findings indicate that operational convenience and business brand image have significant effects on sample users' demands. Furthermore, annual income, gender, occupation, the needs of access to information and the needs of enriching and improving social relationships are also important factors for high-value users. The results may provide further insights into mobile service demand and the model can be popularized to other behavior researches.

Adherence in CABG Patients: An Empirical Test of a Health Behavior Model

To benefit from a Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG), patients must adhere to their therapeutic regimen. To test the extent of which the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model constructs explain the variability in adherence behaviors in CABG patients, and also to examine the relationship between the IMB model constructs, CABG patients (N = 152) were randomly assigned to either an intervention group, or a standard care control group. They completed pretest measures, and were reassessed later. Although perfect replication of the IMB model’s predicted pathways was not achieved in this study, support for several of these pathways was demonstrated. The estimated model for adherence-demonstrated good fit of the data. Motivation was a significant predictor of adherence behavior in CABG patients. These findings suggest that IMB model-based intervention that improves motivation can enhance adherence. Therefore, CABG patients’ education programs should mainly target motivation in order to affect adherence behavior.

Short-term deformation behavior model of endangered earthen heritage slope after conservation in Jiaohe Ruins

Cliff deformation behavior after conservation is of great significance for evaluating the conservation effect and discovering the dynamical law of soil.Modeling on deformation behavior is beneficial to the quantitative evaluation of interactions between soil mass and structures as well as the forecast.Based on cliff conservation engineering of Jiaohe Ruins (the largest raw soil heritage site in the world),data of horizontal deformation of the upper cliff were obtained by using Nanrui-made NDW-50 displacement device (precision:0.01 mm,frequency:15 min-1).Regression analysis indicates that deformation behavior models include exponential growth,linear growth and parabolic growth types,while daily deformation presents more intense periodicity (24 h).The deformation is less than 1.5 mm during monitoring period,which has no impact on the stability of cliff.Deformation behavior provides the mutual duress and interaction between soil and engineering intervention.In addition,deformation mode attaches tensely to the damage pattern of the cliff.The conclusions are of importance to the stability evaluation of the carrier along Silk Road.

Anxiety Mouse Model Constructed by Single Intraperitoneal Injection of m-Chlorophenpiperazine

Anxiety disorder is a common mental disorder. It is necessary to establish a rapid, stable and specific anxiety model to provide a theoretical basis for further research on the pathogenesis of anxiety and drug development. A single intraperitoneal injection of m-chlorophenylpipera-zine (mCPP) (1, 2, 4 mg/kg) was given to male ICR mice to establish an anxiety model, and the effects of mCPP on anxiety behavior, pain, athletic ability, passive avoidance response ability and depressive behavior of male ICR mice were evaluated. A single intraperitoneal injection of mCPP shortened the time in open arms and decreased the percentage of time in open arms of mice in the elevated plus-maze test. mCPP also shortened center zone distance and reduced the number of entries to the central zone in the open field test. Moreover, mCPP reduced head-dip counts and increased the head-dip latency of mice in the hole-board test. After being administrated with a single intraperitoneal injection of mCPP for 24h, the mice showed no significant difference in the entry into the light side and the percentage of time in the light side of the light-dark box test. A single intraperitoneal injection of mCPP had no effects on tail flick latency, rotating time, number of errors and the step-down latency, the immobility time of mice in the tail-flick test, rotarod test, step-down test and TST respectively. In conclusion, we established a rapid and stable anxiety mouse model by single intraperitoneal injection of mCPP.

Behavior modelling and sensing for machinery operations using smartphone’s sensor data:A case study of forage maize sowing

Large-scale agricultural machinery cooperatives require technical statistic report of agricultural machinery operations to improve the efficiency of fleet management.This research proposed a smartphone-based solution to build the behavior model for agricultural machinery operations by using the embedded sensors including the GNSS,the accelerometer,and the microphone.The whole working process of agricultural machinery operation was divided into four stages:preparation,operation,U-turn,and transfer,each of which may contain the behaviors of stalling and idling.Field experiments were carried out by skilled operators,whose operations were typical agricultural machinery operations that could be used to extract behavior features.Butterworth low-pass filter was used to smooth the output from the accelerometer.Then,the operating data were collected through an APP when sowing the forage maize as a case study.Four stages of machinery operation can be preliminarily classified by using GNSS speed,while the identification of behaviors such as sudden acceleration and longtime idling that may increase fuel consumption,reduce machinery life,or decrease the working efficiency,requires extra information such as acceleration and sound intensity.The results showed that the jerk of accelerating can describe the severity of the sudden acceleration,the standard deviation of forward acceleration can reflect the smoothness of operation,the upward acceleration can be used to identify behaviors of stalling and idling,and the sound intensity during idling can capture the behavior of goosing the throttle.Further,the operating behavior figure can be drawn based on the above parameters.In conclusion,this research constructed several behavior models of agricultural machinery and operators by using smartphone’s sensor data and established the base of the online assessing and scoring system for agricultural machinery operations.

Behavior Model Construction for Client Side of Modern Web Applications

Most of the behavior models with respect to Web applications focus on sequencing of events,without regard for the changes of parameters or elements and the relationship between trigger conditions of events and Web pages.As a result,these models are not sufficient to effectively represent the dynamic behavior of the Web2.0 application.Therefore,in this paper,to appropriately describe the dynamic behavior of the client side of Web applications,we define a novel Client-side Behavior Model(CBM)for Web applications and present a user behavior trace-based modeling method to automatically generate and optimize CBMs.To verify the effectiveness of our method,we conduct a series of experiments on six Web applications according to three types of user behavior traces.The experimental results show that our modeling method can construct CBMs automatically and effectively,and the CBMs built are more precise to represent the dynamic behavior of Web applications.

行为建模技术(Behavioral Modeling)在零件设计中的应用

为更好地把握设计意图,在Pro/ENGINEER软件中需要人工创建各种"关系",这种"关系"只能向前引用"尺寸参数",如果需要向后引用"尺寸参数"则要应用行为建模技术。行为建模技术通过建立"分析特征"实现优化目标的建立,以尺寸参数或用户自定义参数为变量对优化目标进行优化。本文通过一个轮胎模型,例证了上述方法的应用过程,得出了优化结果。

Hydrate agglomeration modeling and pipeline hydrate slurry flow behavior simulation

Dynamic modeling and numerical simulation of hydrate slurry flow behavior are of great importance to offshore hydrate management.For this purpose, a dynamic model of hydrate agglomeration was proposed in this paper.Based on population balance equation, the frame of the dynamic model was established first, which took both hydrate agglomeration and hydrate breakage into consideration.Then, the calculating methods of four key parameters involved in the dynamic model were given according to hydrate agglomeration dynamics.The four key parameters are collision frequency, agglomeration efficiency, breakage frequency and the size distribution of sub particles resulting from particle breakage.After the whole dynamic model was built, it was combined with several traditional solid–liquid flow models and then together solved by the CFD software FLUENT 14.5.Finally, using this method, the influences of flow rate and hydrate volume fraction on hydrate particle size distribution, hydrate volume concentration distribution and pipeline pressure drop were simulated and analyzed.

Material flow behavior modeling with consideration of size effects

Size effects make traditional forming theories infeasible in analyzing the micro-forming process, so it is necessary to develop an accurate material model to describe the material flow behavior with consideration of size effects. By studying the size effects of the flow behavior of H80 foils experimentally, it is found that the foil flow stress and strain hardening ability reduce significantly with the decrease of foil thickness. The reduction of the proportion of internal grains which own complete grain boundaries is the main cause of size effects of foil flow behavior. Moreover, grain refinement can reduce the size effects on material flow behavior. On these bases, a phenomenological material model has been developed to mathematically describe the material flow behavior with consideration of the effects of geometry size, grain size and strain hardening behavior. The reasonability and accuracy of this new model are verified by comparing the calculation values with experimental results in metal foil tensile and micro-bulk upsetting experiments. These experimental results and the proposed model lay a solid foundation for understanding and further exploring the material flow behavior in the micro-forming process.

Centrifuge modeling of dynamic behavior of pile-reinforced slopes during earthquakes

A series of centrifuge model tests of sandy slopes were conducted to study the dynamic behavior of pile-reinforced slopes subjected to various motions.Time histories of accelerations,bending moments and pile earth pressures were obtained during excitation of the adjusted El Centro earthquake and a cyclic motion.Under a realistic earthquake,the overall response of the pile-reinforced slope is lower than that of the non-reinforced slope.The histories of bending moments and dynamic earth pressures reach their maximums soon after shaking started and then remain roughly stable until the end of shaking.Maximum moments occur at the height of 3.5 m,which is the deeper section of the pile,indicating the interface between the active loading and passive resistance regions.The dynamic earth pressures above the slope base steadily increase with the increase of height of pile.For the model under cyclic input motion,response amplitudes at different locations in the slope are almost the same,indicating no significant response amplification.Both the bending moment and earth pressure increase gradually over a long period.

COMPUTER MODEL OF COPPER SMELTING PROCESS AND DISTRIBUTION BEHAVIORS OF ACCESSORY ELEMENTS

A computer model has been developed to simulate the distribution behaviors of Ni, Co. Sn. Ph,Zn, As, Sb, Bi, An and Ag in copper smelting process. The model assumes that the copper smelting furnaceis in thermodynamic equilibrium. As many as 21 elements (Cu. S, Fe. Ni, Co. Sn, As, Sb. Bi, Ph. Zn.An. Ag. O, N, C, H, Ca, Mg, Al, and St) and 73 compounds are considered. This model accounts forphysical entrainment in the melts. The predictions by the present computer model are compared with theknown commercial data from Guixi Smelter in China, Home Smelter in Canada and Naoshima Smelter inJapan. The agreements between the computer predictions and the commercial data are excellent, so that thepresent computer model can be used to monitor and optimize the actual industrial operations of copper smelting. It is applicable to simulation of almost all copper pyrometallurgical processes.

Simulation of rheological behavior of asphalt mixture with lattice model

A three-dimensional(3D) lattice model for predicting the rheological behavior of asphalt mixtures was presented.In this model asphalt mixtures were described as a two-phase composite material consisting of asphalt sand and coarse aggregates distributed randomly.Asphalt sand was regarded as a viscoelastic material and aggregates as an elastic material.The rheological response of asphalt mixture subjected to different constant stresses was simulated.The calibrated overall creep strain shows a good approximation to experimental results.

Deformation behavior of SiC particle reinforced Al matrix composites based on EMA model

Effects of the matrix properties,particle size distribution and interfacial matrix failure on the elastoplastic deformationbehavior in Al matrix composites reinforced by SiC particles with an average size of 5μm and volume fraction of 12%werequantitatively calculated by using the expanded effective assumption(EMA)model.The particle size distribution naturally bringsabout the variation of matrix properties and the interfacial matrix failure due to the presence of SiC particles.The theoretical resultscoincide well with those of the experiment.The current research indicates that the load transfer between matrix and reinforcements,grain refinement in matrix,and enhanced dislocation density originated from the thermal mismatch between SiC particles and Almatrix increase the flow stress of the composites,but the interfacial matrix failure is opposite.It also proves that the load transfer,grain refinement and dislocation strengthening are the main strengthening mechanisms,and the interfacial matrix failure and ductilefracture of matrix are the dominating fracture modes in the composites.The mechanical properties of the composites strongly dependon the metal matrix.

High-temperature Creep Behavior Characterization of Asphalt Mixture based on Micromechanical Modeling and Virtual Test

The high-temperature creep behavior of asphalt mixture was investigated based on micromechanical modeling and virtual test by using three-dimensional discrete element method(DEM). A user-defined micromechanical model of asphalt mixture was established after analyzing the irregular shape and gradation of coarse aggregates, the viscoelastic property of asphalt mastic, and the random distribution of air voids within the asphalt mixture. Virtual uniaxial static creep test at 60 ℃ was conducted by using Particle Flow Code in three dimensions(PFC3D) and was validated by laboratory test. Based on virtual creep test, the micromechanical characteristics between aggregates, within asphalt mastic, and between aggregate and asphalt mastic were analyzed for the asphalt mixture. It is proved that the virtual test based on the micromechanical model can efficiently predict the creep deformation of asphalt mixture. And the high-temperature behavior of asphalt mixture was characterized from micromechanical perspective.

Flow stress behavior and constitutive modeling of 20MnNiMo low carbon alloy

The hot deformation behavior of 20 Mn Ni Mo low carbon alloy was investigated by isothermal compression tests over wide ranges of temperature(1223-1523 K) and strain rate(0.01-10 s^(-1)). According to the experimental true stress-true strain data, the constitutive relationships were comparatively studied based on the Arrhenius-type model, Johnson-Cook(JC) model and artificial neural network(ANN), respectively. Furthermore, the predictability of the developed models was evaluated by calculating the correlation coefficient(R) and mean absolute relative error(AARE). The results indicate that the flow stress behavior of 20 Mn NiM o low carbon alloy is significantly influenced by the strain rate and deformation temperature. Compared with the Arrhenius-type model and Johnson-Cook(JC) model, the ANN model is more efficient and has much higher accuracy in describing the flow stress behavior during hot compressing deformation for 20 Mn Ni Mo low carbon alloy.

Modeling Method for Flexible Energy Behaviors in CNC Machining Systems

CNC machining systems are inevitably confronted with frequent changes in energy behaviors because they are widely used to perform various machining tasks. It is a challenge to understand and analyze the flexible energy behaviors in CNC machining systems. A method to model flexible energy behaviors in CNC machining systems based on hierarchical objected-oriented Petri net(HOONet) is proposed. The structure of the HOONet is constructed of a high-level model and detail models. The former is used to model operational states for CNC machining systems, and the latter is used to analyze the component models for operational states. The machining parameters having great impacts on energy behaviors in CNC machining systems are declared with the data dictionary in HOONet models. A case study based on a CNC lathe is presented to demonstrate the proposed modeling method. The results show that it is effective for modeling flexible energy behaviors and providing a fine-grained description to quantitatively analyze the energy consumption of CNC machining systems.