Polymorphism of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) Gene Polymorphism in Shanghai population: Occupational and Non-occupational Bladder Cancer Patient Groups

Objective Arylamine N-acetyltransferases (NATs) are involved in the detoxification of aromatic amines and hydrazine. In order to explore the possible association of NAT2 polymorphism with bladder cancer risk in benzidine exposed or non-exposed Chinese individuals, healthy subjects, subjects with bladder cancer of a former benzidine exposed cohort in Shanghai dyestuff industry and a group of bladder cancer patients without known occupational exposure to aromatic amines were genotyped for NAT2 gene polymorphism. Methods NAT2 genotyping was performed with a set of RFLP procedures at seven major polymorphic loci of gene coding area: G191A, C282T, T341C, C481T, G590A, A803G and G857A. Results The wild allele NAT2 *4 was the most prevalent allele (59%) in healthy individuals. The alleles NAT2*6A and NAT2*7B were also frequently observed (21% and 17%, respectively). In contrast to Caucasians, the percentage of slow acetylators was lower (12% in Chinese vs. 58% in Caucasians, P<0.001). No relevant differences were observed for homogenous rapid, heterogeneous rapid/slow and homogeneous slow acetylation genotypes between the healthy subjects and both groups of bladder cancer patients. Conclusion The present work did not support the association of slow acetylating genotypes of NAT2 gene with elevated risk of bladder cancer in Chinese whereas it was documented as an important genetically determined risk factor in Caucasians. Different mechanisms might play a role in individual susceptibility to bladder cancer related with aromatic amine exposure in various races or ethnic groups.

Plasma Induced Degradation of Benzidine in Aqueous Solution

The degradation of benzidine in aqueous solution by the low temperature plasma was examined. The results showed that the concentration of medium and the value of pH have an appreciable effect on the degradation of benzidine. What is more important is that iron ions acting as a catalyst play an important role in this reaction. For exploring the degradation mechanism of benzidine, some of the intermediate products were recorded by HPLC(high performance liquid chromatography).

Preparation and Properties of BiOI with High Sorption Capacity

BiOI nanosheets with high sorption capacity were successfully prepared by the simple hydrothermal method followed by calcination. The features of the as-obtained BiOI nanosheets were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and specific surface area analyzer (BET). BiOI was used as an adsorbent to explore its sorption properties of benzidine by changing initial concentration, pH and time. Results showed that BiOI had high sorption activity for benzidine, and it was found that the BiOI in this paper exhibited higher sorption capacity than traditional BiOI, which could be mainly attributed to the large specific surface area of the sample and the existence of unsaturated sites in the sample. Meanwhile, the optimal sorption conditions were explored, the actual maximum sorption capacity of BiOI could reach 66.67 mg/g. In addition, the synthesized sample's reusability without obvious deterioration in performance was demonstrated by five cycles. The sorption process was in accordance with the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

A Study on 4,4

A single crystal of 4,4′ diaminobenzene sulfonanilide(DABSA) was determined by X ray diffraction method. It is shown that the two benzene rings are non planar with an angle of 55 1°. Owing to the non planar configuration, the dyes derived from DABSA possess a lower substantivity on fiber but better permeability in substrate, the color of these azo dyes could be matched by two individual azo dyes locating on both sides of the DABSA molecule.

Spectrophotometric Determination of Kelthane in Environmental Samples

Sensitive spectrophotometric method for determination of kelthane in sub parts per million level is described, which is based on Fujiwara reaction. Kelthane on alkaline hydrolysis gives chloroform, which can be reacted with pyridine to produce red colour. The colour is discharged by addition of glacial acetic acid. Then Benzidine (4,4’-Bianiline) reagent is added due to which a yellowish-red colour is formed which has an absorption maximum at 490nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the range of 3.3 - 26.0 μg (0.13 - 1.04 ppm) of Kelthane per 25ml of final solution. The molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity were found to be 4.32 × 105 L?mol–1?cm–1 and 0.022 μg?cm–2 respectively. The method is found to be free from interferences of other organochlorine pesticides and various co-pollutants and can be successfully applied for the determination of kelthane in environmental samples.