Enhanced corrosion resistance of epoxy resin coating via addition of CeO_(2) and benzotriazole

The use of fillers to enhance the corrosion protection of epoxy resins has been widely applied.In this work,cerium dioxide(CeO_(2))and benzotriazole(BTA)were introduced into an epoxy resin to enhance the corrosion resistance of Q235 carbon steel.Scanning electron microscopy results indicated that the CeO_(2) grains were rod-like and ellipsoidal in shape,and the distribution pattern of BTA was analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscope.The dynamic potential polarization curve proved the excellent corrosion resistance of the composite epoxy resin with CeO_(2) and BTA co-addition,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test analysis indicated the significantly enhanced long-term corrosion protection performance of the composite coating.And the optimal protective performance was provided by the coating containing 0.3%(mass)CeO_(2) and 20%(mass)BTA,which was attributed to the barrier performance of CeO_(2) particles and the chemical barrier effect of BTA.The formation of corrosion products was analyzed using X-ray diffraction.In addition,the corrosion resistance mechanism of the coating was also discussed in detail.

Some New Derivatives of 3H-Benzo （b） Furo Benzotriazole

On the base of benzo [b] furo benzotriazoles several derivatives with expected biological activity were synthesized by alkylation and Mannich reactions. In the alkylation of ethyl iodide benzo [b] furo benzotriazoles received 1-ethyl-benzo [b] furo [3,2-g] benzotriazole and 3-ethyl-benzo [b] furo [2,3-f] benzotriazole. Aminometilirization Mannich reaction conditions with ＂the application as amino compound diethylamine, morpholine and piperazine of benzo [b] furo benzotriazoles were received （N, N-diethylaminomethyl）, CN-morpholinometil） and （N-piperazinometil）-derivatives.

Syntheses and Biological Activities of Novel Benzotriazole Compounds Containing a Thioamide Group

（E） -2- （ 1H-Benzo [ d ] [ 1,2,3 ] trlazol-1-yl） -3- （4-chlorophenyl） -3 -hydroxy-N-phenylprop-2 -enethioamide （ compound 1 ） and （E） -2- （ 1H-benzo [ d ] [ 1,2,3 ] trlazol-1-yl ） -3 -hydroxy-N, 3 -diphenylprop-2-enethioamide （ compound 2） were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by means of IR, MS, ^1H NMR, and elemental analysis. The structure of compound 1 was determined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The results of the biological test show that the two compounds have a certain antifungal activity.

Synthesis, Electrocatalytic Properties and Crystal Structure of a New Organic-inorganic Hybrid Constructed from Dodecamolybdophosphoric Acid and Benzotriazole

A new compound, (C 6H 6N 3) 7(PMo Ⅵ 12 O 40 )(PMo ⅤMo Ⅵ 11 O 40 )·2CH 3CH 2OH·5H 2O, was synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy and single crystal \{X ray\} diffraction. This is the first example of benzotriazole polyoxometalates species. The compound crystallized in a triclinic space group P 1 with a =1 8378(4) nm, b =1 9078(4) nm, c =2 1037 (4) nm, α =\{63 41(3)°\}, β =64 31(3)°, γ =68 38(3)°, V =5 803(2) nm 3, Z =2, R 1=0 0486, wR 2=0 1357. The X ray crystallographic study showed that the crystal structure was constructed by electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds between dodecamolybdophosphorate anions and protonated benzotriazole cations. The electrochemical behavior and the reduction of nitrite and hydrogen peroxide electrocatalyzed by the title compound were studied.

Investigation on the Morphology of Adsorbed Benzotriazole Film on Copper Surface by Scanning Tunneling Microcopy

It is observed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) that theadsorbed Benzotriazole (BTA) on copper is long in shape and has anirregular rectangle. The growth of BTA on copper is in the form ofpolymeric chain and mainly in one dimension rather than twodimensions. The copper surface covered by BTA becomes flatter,smoother and the roughness was smaller than that of bare copper, sothe corrosion is largely decreased. However, many grooves can be seenbetween BTA polymeric chains in which corrosion may exist to adegree.

Corrosion resistance of benzotriazole passivated Cu-Zn-Alshape memory alloy in artificial Ringer's solution

The corrosion resistance of the Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloy passivated by benzotriazole was investigated by salt spraying test and electrochemical methods in artificial Ringer＇s solution. The results showed that after benzotriazole passivation, the corrosion resistance of the Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloy was improved evidently. The anodic polarization current density of the passivated alloy decreased, the mass loss reduced, the anodic passivation accelerated, the anodic active dissolution was inhibited effectively, and the surface tarnishing was reswained. Infrared reflection spectrum test showed that Cu（Ⅰ）-benzotriazole or Cu（Ⅱ）-benzotriazole complex layer was formed on the surface of the Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloy after passivation. This layer appeared plane, well adhesion, and presented homogeneous golden metallic luster. The corrosion resistance of the Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloy passivated by benzotriazole is improved for the formation of an electrochemical stable baffle layer on passivated surface. This layer separates the metal substrate from the outside corrosion medium effectively and retards the corrosion process of dezincification.

Synthesis of Aminomethyl Arylsulfides via Novel Synthetic Auxiliary Benzotriazole Promoted by Samarium Diiodide

Aminomethyl arylsulfides are synthesized through nucleophilic substitution of a benzotriazolate anion by thiolates promoted by samarium diiodide.

A new low-bandgap polymer acceptor based on benzotriazole for efficient all-polymer solar cells

The rational design of polymer acceptors with strong and broad absorption is critical to improve photovoltaic performance.In this work,a new polymer acceptor PY9-T based on heptacyclic benzotriazole(Y9-C16)as a building block and thiophene unit as the linking unit was synthesized,which exhibited a low bandgap(1.37 eV)and a high extinction coefficient of the neat film(1.44×10^(5) cm^(−1)).When PY9-T was blended with the wide bandgap polymer donor PBDB-T,the all-polymer solar cells(APSCs)showed a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 10.45%with both high open circuit voltage of 0.881 V and short-circuit current density of 19.82 mA/cm^(2).In addition,APSCs based on PY9-T show good thermal stability,as evidenced by slight changes morphologies when annealed at 100℃.These results suggest that Y9-C16 provides a new building block to develop efficient and stable polymer acceptors.

Synergistic effect of CeCl3 and benzotriazole on corrosion resistance of naturally aged and artificially aged AA2024 aluminium alloy

The corrosion behaviours of naturally aged and artificially aged AA2024 aluminium alloys in 0.5 mol/dm3 NaCl solution in the presence of environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors of 10 mmol/dm3 CeCl3, 10 mmol/dm3 BTA and the inhibitor mixture (5 mmol/dm3 CeCl3 + 5 mmol/dm3 BTA) were analyzed. The goal of this work was to determine the level of the synergistic effect of the inhibitor mixture and to explain the nature of this effect. Corrosion properties of the inhibitor layer were studied using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), while the resistance to pit formation and pit growth was studied by applying potentiodynamic polarisation tests. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) showed that the size of pits formed in naturally aged aluminium alloy was smaller than that formed in artificially aged alloy. The synergistic effect of the inhibitor mixture on corrosion properties of naturally aged alloy was observed throughout 96 h, and in later phases of testing of artificially aged alloy. The synergistic effect of the inhibitor mixture was not noticed on pit formation and pit growth.

α-Fe_(2)O_(3)/Cu_(2)O composites as catalysts for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of benzotriazoles

Given the difficulties of degrading benzotriazole(BTA),this study used a one-pot hydrothermal method to prepareα-Fe_(2)O_(3)/Cu_(2)O(FC)composites for photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)degradation of BTA.The characterization of FC structure showed that Cu_(2)O in cubic crystals was loaded with circular sheets of Fe_(2)O_(3).Owing to this structure,FC showed efficient PEC degradation of BTA when exposed to ultraviolet light.The experimental results demonstrated that FC efficiently degraded BTA.When the PEC degradation continued for 60 min,100%degradation of BTA was achieved because FC enhanced the photoelectron-hole separation and the separation and transfer of articulated carriers.High per-formance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that intermediates formed during the PEC degradation of BTA.Finally,various pathways for degradation of BTA were postulated.This FC-based PEC system provides a harmless and effective method for degradation of BTA.

Organic Reactions in Ionic Liquids:Ionic Liquid-promoted Three-component Condensation of Benzotriazole with Aldehyde and Alcohol

Alkoxyalkyl)benzotriazoles are readily synthesized from three-component conden-sation of benzotriazole with aldehyde and alcohol in ionic liquid [Bmim]PF6.

Facile and Stereoselective Synthesis of N-Substituted Benzotriazole with Baylis-Hillman Adducts

A convenient method has been developed toward the stereoselective synthesis of N-substituted benzotriazole derivatives under mild conditions. The good stereolectivity, high yields and the simple procedure make the present protocol attractive.

Synthesis of Ultraviolet Absorber Benzotriazole by Nanoparticles Ag/SiO_2 Catalytic Hydrogenation

The Ag/SiO2 nanoparticles had been successfully synthesized. The Ag/SiO2 nano- particles can be an excellent catalyst for the synthesis of ultraviolet absorber benzotriazole by catalytic hydrogenation. The synthesis route is very efficient with less pollution and excellent yields. It is also easy to industrialized production.

Comparison of Lubricities of Two Novel Benzotriazole Derivatives Used as Additives in Water-Glycol Hydraulic Fluid

Two kinds of benzotriazole derivatives with and without sulfur （abbreviated as BSC and BC, respectively,） were synthesized and their lubricating, anticorrosion and antirust properties were investigated, when they were used as additives in the water-glycol fluid. The morphology and chemical species of typical elements on the worn surface were examined by the scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, the energy dispersive spectrometry （EDS）, and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） in order to reveal the tribological mechanisms. The results indicated that two synthesized additives could effectively improve the anti-wear, friction-reducing, load-carrying, anticorrosion, and antirnst properties of the base fluid. The surface analysis illustrated that stable nitrogen-containing absorption films generated by BC should be responsible for its facilitated anti-wear and friction-reducing performance, and the excellent lubricities of BSC should be attxibuted to the combined action of adsorption film and tribo-chemical film which were composed of iron oxides, iron sulfides and iron sulfates. The superior lubricating properties of BSC as compared to that of BC demonstrated the effectiveness of elemental sulfur in reducing friction and wear, especially under high loads. But corrosion wear is more obvious at a relative high concentration of elemental sulfur.

COORDINATION POLYMERIZATION OF BENZOTRIAZOLE ON THE SURFACE OF METALLIC COPPER

The coordination polymerization of benzotriazole with metallic copper has been investigated by infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. We found that benzotriazole could react with copper (0) under mild conditions to form bis (benzotriazolato) copper (Ⅱ) and benzotriazolato copper (Ⅰ)which covered the surface of copper metal in the shape of polymeric materials. Since benzotriazole is of great interest as a ligand in that its presence in many biological system with metal ions, and is considered as a corrosion inhibitor, this work will be in favour of the study of protective corrosion.

Synthesis and Property of Tungsten Carbonyl Derivatives Based on 1H-(Pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,2,3-benzotriazoles

Three complexes, （PBT）W（CO）5 （1）, （3,5-Me2PBT）W（CO）5 （2） and （3,5- Pr2PBT）W（CO）5 （3） （PBT = 1H-（pyrazol-l-ylmethyl）-l,2,3-benzotriazole）, were synthesized, and two of them were structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic with space group P21/c, α = 1.0828（2）, b = 2.1655（4）, c = 0.6982（1） nm, β = 93.39（3）°, V= 1.6343（6） nm3, Z = 4, Dc = 2.126 g/cms, F（000） = 992, β = 7.107 mm1, S = 0.990, the final R = 0.0301 and wR = 0.0685. Complex 2 crystallizes in triclinic with space group Pi, a = 0.95021（8）, b = 0.98391（6）, c - 1.1433（1） nm, α = 68.792（7）, β = 77.860（8）, γ= 75.533（6）°, V= 0.9563（1） nm3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.914 g/cm3, F（000） = 528, β = 6.078 mm-1, S = 1.042, the final R = 0.0253 and wR = 0.0549. 1H-（Pyrazol-l-ylmethyl）-l,2,3-benzotriazoles acted as monodentate ligands through the 3-position nitrogen of the triazolyl group, and the pyrazolyl nitrogen did not participate in coordinating to the metal centers in these complexes. Their UV and fluorescence properties have been studied.

Synergistic Effect of Tungstate and Benzotriazole on Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel in Solutions Containing Cl^-

The corrosion inhibition of tungstate, benzotriazole (BTA) and their combination in solutions containing Cl- was studied by electrochemical techniques. The results indicated that the inhibition efficiency of tungstate was higher than that of BTA. The efficiency increased with increasing concentration of tungstate or BTA. In the studies of synergistic effect of tungstate and BTA, it had been found that in pH 9.0 solution, the largest R t could be obtained with the concentration ratio of tungstate / BTA being 1∶1. Lowering the pH value of solution would reduce the efficiency of inhibitors, especially in binary inhibitors. Increasing the concentration of Cl- accelerated the corrosion of carbon steel in the solutions with various inhibitors, but the influence of Cl- on corroding rate in binary inhibitors was not so strong as in single component. The results of surface analysis showed that W, C, N, O and Fe elements existed in the protecting film formed with binary inhibitors. The thickness of the film was about 1215 nm.

Interactions between benzotriazole and corncob biochars pyrolyzed at different temperature

The sorption of ionizable benzotriazole(BTA) to corncob biochars pyrolyzed at different temperature(i.e., 300oC, 500oC and 800oC) was investigated in this study. Biochars produced at higher temperature showed higher surface area, micropore volume and aromaticity. Consequently, the sorption of BTA changed from absorption to adsorption for biochars pyrolyzed at 300 oC and 800 oC, respectively. Solution p H affected speciation of BTA and surface charge properties of biochars. For BTA^0, H-bond, partition and micropore filling are dominant sorption mechanisms. For BTA-, it is suggested that negative charge-assisted H-bond plays an important role in sorption. Corncob biochar pyrolyzed at high temperature(e.g., 800 oC) showed the highest sorption affinity for BTA. Ca^(2+) in solution enhanced BTA^- and BTA^0 sorption through cation-bridge and surface complexation.

SYNTHESIS OF ACYCLIC ANALOGS OF BENZOTRIAZOLE AND INDOLE NUCLEOSIDE CONTAINING PERFLUOROALKYL GROUP

1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]benzotriazole and -indole containing perfluoroalkyl group have been synthesized.

Occurrence of Human Exposure to Benzothiazoles and Benzotriazoles in Indoor Dust in Suizhou and Beijing,China

Benzothiazoles(BTHs)and benzotriazoles(BTRs)are an important group of industrial chemicals.Due to large scale and long-term applications,they have been released to various environmental media,including indoor dust,and subsequently elicited a variety of toxic effects.In this study,the concentrations and composition profiles of BTHs and BTRs in indoor dust from Suizhou and Beijing,China,were investigated.The median concentrations ofΣ_(6)BTHs in indoor dust samples from Suizhou and Beijing were 133 and 439 ng/g dw,respectively,whereas theΣ5BTRs concentrations from Suizhou and Beijing were 28.4 and 40.1 ng/g dw,respectively(dw=dry weight).BTH,2-OH-BTH,1-H-BTR,and 5-Me-1-H-BTR were the predominant compounds in the dust.Human exposure to such chemicals was further evaluated.The intake for the population in Suizhou(0.163–0.939 ng/kg bw/day)and Beijing(0.0347–0.200 ng/kg bw/day)was minor(bw=body weight).The obtained results in this study will be able to add insight into human exposure to BTHs and BTRs.This study will help to identify the behavior and fate of BTHs and BTRs in the environment,and thus to scientifically assess their risk of exposure.