A Modified Principal Component Analysis Method for Honeycomb Sandwich Panel Debonding Recognition Based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Signals

The safety and integrity requirements of aerospace composite structures necessitate real-time health monitoring throughout their service life.To this end,distributed optical fiber sensors utilizing back Rayleigh scattering have been extensively deployed in structural health monitoring due to their advantages,such as lightweight and ease of embedding.However,identifying the precise location of damage from the optical fiber signals remains a critical challenge.In this paper,a novel approach which namely Modified Sliding Window Principal Component Analysis(MSWPCA)was proposed to facilitate automatic damage identification and localization via distributed optical fiber sensors.The proposed method is able to extract signal characteristics interfered by measurement noise to improve the accuracy of damage detection.Specifically,we applied the MSWPCA method to monitor and analyze the debonding propagation process in honeycomb sandwich panel structures.Our findings demonstrate that the training model exhibits high precision in detecting the location and size of honeycomb debonding,thereby facilitating reliable and efficient online assessment of the structural health state.

“Stöber”模板法制备Ag@C纳米粒子及其催化性能

采用“Stöber”模板法合成了核-壳-壳结构的Ag@SiO_(2)@RF复合纳米粒子,经过碳化、刻蚀得到了“Rattle型”结构的Ag@C纳米粒子。采用透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱(RS)、N2吸附及X线粉末衍射(XRD)表征检测,对其形貌、结构进行表征。结果表明:制备的Ag@C纳米粒子具有完整的球形结构、较大的空腔和可移动的纳米银内核,壳层上有介孔,平均孔径为7.8 nm,比表面积为866 m2/g。以2 mg Ag@C为催化剂,室温下用过量的KBH4还原1 mmol/L对硝基苯酚,测试Ag@C纳米粒子的催化性能。结果表明:反应3 min,其转化率为98%,催化剂使用6次活性没有明显下降。

利用煤焦油中酚类物质Stöber法制备碳纳米球用于CO_(2)吸附

煤焦油的排放和直接利用会造成严重的环境污染,开发高附加值材料的绿色合成方法及应用是煤焦油利用的关键。本文采用Stöber法以间苯二酚和中低温煤焦油为碳源与甲醛聚合制备了多孔碳纳米球CO_(2)吸附剂,通过扫描电子显微镜、N2吸附-脱附测试、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱、X射线衍射等手段对样品进行测试和分析。考察了预聚温度、水热温度和煤焦油添加量对碳纳米球的孔结构和CO_(2)吸附性能的影响。预聚温度为60℃、水热温度为200℃时,产物具有最优异的比表面积和CO_(2)吸附性能。C_(1)-R_(1)-RT-200吸附剂的比表面积达到787m^(2)/g,CO_(2)最大吸附量为4.64mmol/g。当煤焦油占总投料质量的50%~76%时,产物的CO_(2)吸附性能较好,优于纯的间苯二酚模型化合物。所制备的多孔碳纳米球的CO_(2)吸附等温线可以很好地吻合Langmuir等温线模型,说明多孔碳纳米球对CO_(2)的吸附为单分子层吸附。

BER Performance Analysis of OTFS Systems with Power Allocation

Orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS),as a novel 2-D modulation technique,has been proposed to achieve better BER performances over delayDoppler channels.In this paper,we propose two different power allocation(PA)algorithms in OTFS systems with zero forcing(ZF)or minimum mean square error(MMSE)equalization,where general formulas with PA are derived in advance under the condition of minimum BER(MBER)criterion.On one hand,a suboptimal MBER power allocation method is put forward to achieve better BER performances,and then analytical BER expressions are derived with proposed PA strategy.Considering the case of MMSE equalization,a combined subsymbol allocation(SA)and PA strategy is raised,where some subsymbols may be abandoned due to worse channel conditions,and then it is proven effectively to improve BER performances through theoretical and simulation results.Furthermore,BER performances with proposed joint SA and PA strategy are also investigated in delay-Doppler channels,where an improved message passing(MP)receiver based on equivalent channel matrix with PA is given.

The case-dependent lignin role in lignocellulose nanofibers preparation and functional application-A review

Lignocellulose nanofibers(LCNFs) as a new material is attracting extensive attention. The pretreatment and mechanical fibrillation are the two main stages involved in the preparation of LCNFs, and lignin plays the important role of these two stages. This review discussed the interaction between lignin and chemicals in the pretreatment stage, and discovered the general law of the effect of lignin in the mechanical fibrillation stage.Lignin exhibits both promotion and inhibition effects on mechanical fibrillation, and the mutual competition between the two effects ultimately affects the energy consumption, morphology and yield of LCNFs. Furthermore, the recent research progress related to the contributions of lignin on the functional application of LCNFs was summarized, aiming to provide profound guidance for the preparation and application of LCNFs.

Durability Testing of Composite Aerospace Materials Based on a New Polymer Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin

In this study,the durability of a new polymer carbonfiber-reinforced epoxy resin used to produce composite material in the aerospacefield is investigated through analysis of the corrosion phenomena occurring at the microscopic scale,and the related infrared spectra and thermal properties.It is found that light and heat can con-tribute to the aging process.In particular,the longitudinal tensile strength displays a non-monotonic trend,i.e.,itfirst increases and then decreases over time.By contrast,the longitudinal compressive and inter-laminar shear strengths do not show significant changes.It is also shown that the inter-laminar shear strength of carbonfiber/epoxy resin composites with inter-laminar hybrid structure is better than that of pure carbonfiber materials.The related resistance to corrosion can be improved by more than 41%.

The Microparticles SiOx Loaded on PAN-C Nanofiber as Three-Dimensional Anode Material for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

Three-dimensional C/SiOx nanofiber anode was prepared by polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)and polyacrylonitrile(PAN)as precursors via electrospinning and freeze-drying successfully.In contrast to conventional carbon cover-ing Si-based anode materials,the C/SiOx structure is made up of PAN-C,a 3D carbon substance,and SiOx load-ing steadily on PAN-C.The PAN carbon nanofibers and loaded SiOx from pyrolyzed PDMS give increased conductivity and a stable complex structure.When employed as lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)anode materials,C/SiOx-1%composites were discovered to have an extremely high lithium storage capacity and good cycle per-formance.At a current density of 100 mA/g,its reversible capacity remained at 761 mA/h after 50 charge-dis-charge cycles and at 670 mA/h after 200 cycles.The C/SiOx-1%composite aerogel is a particularly intriguing anode candidate for high-performance LIBs due to these appealing qualities.

Effects of Filler-Asphalt Ratio on the Properties of Lignin and Polyester Fiber Reinforced SMPU/SBS Modified Asphalt Mortar

To understand the effects offiller-asphalt ratio on different properties of lignin and polyesterfiber reinforced shape memory polyurethane(SMPU)/styrene butadiene styrene(SBS)composite modified asphalt mortar(PSAM),as well as to reveal the reinforcing and toughening mechanisms of lignin and polyesterfibers on PSAM,SMPU,SBS and mineral powder werefirst utilized to prepare PSAM.Then the conventional,rheological and anti-cracking properties of ligninfiber reinforced PSAM(LFAM)and polyesterfiber reinforced PSAM(PFAM)at dif-ferentfiller-asphalt ratios were characterized.Test results indicate that the shear strength,deformation resistance and viscosity are increased after adding 0.8wt%ligninfiber or polyesterfiber and increasing thefiller-asphalt ratio from 0.8 to 1.2.The optimalfiller-asphalt ratio of 1.0 is proposed after comprehensive performance assessments of PSAM.Polyesterfiber shows a better reinforcing effect than ligninfiber,but its improvement in the thermal stability of PSAM is not significant at high temperatures.Additionally,the complex modulus,storage modulus,loss modulus and rutting resistance factor of PSAM are improved after adding ligninfiber and polyesterfiber,as well as show an increasing trend as thefiller-asphalt ratio is raised,but the phase angle is gradually decreased.Further,the increase of elastic components in PSAM effectively enhances the anti-deformation ability of PSAM at high temperatures,and polyesterfiber more obviously improves the high-temperature deformation resistance of PSAM than ligninfiber.Finally,the anti-cracking performance of PFAM and LFAM at low temperatures is reduced by 74.2%and 46.7%,respectively,as thefiller-asphalt ratio is raised from 0.8 to 1.2.The low-temperature anti-cracking performance of LFAM is lower than that of PFAM at the samefiller-asphalt ratio,even lower than that of PSA.Compared with ligninfiber,the anti-cracking performance and deformation resistance of PSAM at low temperature is more greatly enhanced by polyester fiber.

Characterization of Unsaturated Polyester Filled with Waste Coconut Shells, Walnut Shells, and Carbon Fibers

This study aims to evaluate the erosion behavior and the hardness of hybrid composites made of varying amounts of coconut shells,walnut shells,and carbonfibers dispersed in a polyester matrix.MINITAB(L16)Taguchi experiments were used to determine the optimal combination of parameters.In particular,an erosion device con-sisting of a motor with a constantflow rate of 45 L/min,a pump with a diameter of 40 mm,a nozzle with a dia-meter of 5 mm,and a tank made of“perspex glass”55 cm long,30 cm tall,and 25 cm wide was used.The tests were conducted by varying the sample-to-nozzle distance,the pattern angle,and the sand particle size.The results have revealed that the presence of 7.5%by weight of waste coconut shell,for conditions corresponding to 90°angle,sand size 425μm,stand distance 30 cm,gives the best wear resistance(3.04×10^(-5) g/g).Thefiller content and sand particle size affect the erosive rate,with the angle playing a secondary role.The distance between the sample and the nozzle has a weaker effect on erosive wear.The hardness results show that the models(UP-5%carbonfiber-2.5-3.5-4.5-5.5-6.5-7.5 wt.%waste coconut shell)give the best values for prayer compared to the samples(UP-5 wt.%carbonfiber-2.5-3.5-4.5-5.5-6.5-7.5 wt.%waste walnut shell).

Study on Mechanical Properties of High Fine Silty Basalt Fiber Shotcrete Based on Orthogonal Design

In order to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of highfines sand(HFS)produced by the mine,full solid waste shotcrete(HFS-BFRS)was prepared with HFS asfine aggregate in cooperation with basaltfiber(BF).The strength growth characteristics of HFS-BFRS were analyzed.And thefitting equation of compressive strength growth characteristics of HFS-BFRS under the synergistic effect of multiple factors was given.And based on the orthogonal experimental method,the effects on the compressive strength,splitting tensile strength andflex-ural strength of HFS-BFRS under the action of different levels of influencing factors were investigated.The effect of three factors on the mechanical properties of HFS-BFRS,3,and 28 d,respectively,was revealed by choosing the colloidal sand ratio(C/H),basaltfiber volume fraction(BF Vol)and naphthalene high-efficiency water reducing agent(FDN)as the design variables,combined with indoor tests and theoretical analysis.The results show that the sensitivity of the three factors on compressive strength andflexural strength is C/H>FDN>BF Vol,and split-ting tensile strength is BF Vol>FDN>C/H.Finally,thefitting ratio of HFS-BFRS was optimized by the factor index method,and the rationality was verified by thefield test.For thefluidity of HFS-BFRS,the slump can be improved by 139%under the action of 1.2%FDN,which guarantees the pump-ability of HFS-BFRS.

基于误码率的眼图测试——ISOBER

在实时示波器上测量高速数字信号的眼图时,常规的眼图测量方法很难测到1012个比特的眼图,力科的ISOBER技术可在实时示波器上快速测量与分析很低误码率时的眼图轮廓,为高速串行信号设计提供了更好的分析与验证方法。

On Converse Theorem of Best Approximation by Polynomials in Bergman Spaces H_q^p(p>0,q>1)

A Bernstein type theorem and a converse theorem of best approximation by polynomials in Bergman spaces Hq^p(p>0,q>1) are proved.Some proofs and results in [1] are in proved.

抽象形式语法对象封装与BER编码实现

抽象形式语法 (ASN.1)标注的网络协议数据单元可读性好 ,但是用传统的过程调用方法实现这些协议单元的编解码将是一件复杂而繁重的工作 ,因此 ,本文使用面向对象的思想对抽象形式语法的基本数据类型进行封装以达到如下简化目的 :“在对抽象形式语法标注的协议数据单元不作改动或稍作改动的情况下 ,直接利用原有的协议数据单元定义完成这些协议数据单元的编解码工作 .”本文描述的对象封装形式不仅仅适合 X.6 90 BER编码 ,而且也适合 X.6 91BER编码 .

不同Bers型空间之间的加权复合算子

该文讨论了单位圆盘上不同Bers型空间之间的加权复合算子的有界性、紧性和弱紧性,给出了一些充分必要的判别条件,特别地得到不同Bers型空间上加权复合算子的紧性与弱紧性的等价性.这些推广了经典的复合算子与乘法算子的相关结论.该文同时也给出了Bers型空间上复合算子的Fredholm性和闭值域问题的刻画,完善了文献[6]中结论.

基于BER的ASN.1编解码原理与设计实现

本文介绍了ASN .1和BER基本编码规则 ,分析了 7号信令协议栈的TCAP层消息结构和ASN .1之间的关系 ,详细介绍了应用于信令中继系统中的ASN .1编解码模块的设计和实现。

改进Stber法合成粒径精确控制的二氧化硅纳米粒子(英文)

改进了Stber方法合成粒径介于90 nm至200 nm之间的且粒径精确可控的纳米二氧化硅粒子。利用透射电镜(TEM)和动态光散射技术(DLS)研究了原硅酸乙酯的用量、溶剂、催化剂的用量以及搅拌速度对二氧化硅粒子大小及分散性的影响。结果显示这些因素对粒子的粒径以及粒径分布具有重要影响。利用该改进的方法合成的200cm以下的二氧化硅粒子具有极窄的粒径分布,透射电镜显示某一粒径分布下的粒子粒径分布均匀,粒径变化可控制在20 nm以下。

短波跳频系统信道BER的实时监测性能分析

基于短波信道 Watterson模型 ,提出了短波跳频系统信道比特差错率(BER)实时监测的一种自适应测量方法。该方法可根据伪错监测统计情况自适应地选择用于非线性外推估值的监测路径来估计 BER,数值模拟结果分析表明 :用非线性外推算法可将估测值的相对误差降低到 49.4%。

基于指向性误差校正技术的自由空间光通信系统BER分析

针对指向性误差对自由空间光通信系统性能的影响如误码率以及传统指向性误差校正技术存在的实施难度大等问题,本文在焦面上,基于指向性误差校正技术对FSO系统进行BER分析。首先,讨论了指向性误差校正技术的基本原理,并得到了指向性误差与FSO系统BER之间的关系,设计了一种PID闭环控制算法。其次,搭建了基于PID算法的闭环控制系统,并进行了相关实验。实验结果表明:针对不同大气湍流扰动强度的FSO系统,所述指向性误差校正方法和PID闭环控制算法均具有较好的效果,其中弱扰动情况下的改善效果尤其明显。

单位球上Bers型空间之间的加权复合算子

为了研究Cn中单位球上Bers型空间及小Bers型空间之间加权复合算子uCφ的有界性和紧性特征,利用泛函分析和复分析的方法,获得了uCφ为有界算子或紧算子的若干充要条件,得到了uCφ在上述空间之间的范数估计.

基于多径信道的1024QAM信号BER探析与仿真

多径传播是随参信道的最突出的特点,对信号起着极其重要的作用.多进制幅相联合调制(APK或QAM)是通信调制的一种重要方式,多径传播效应对QAM信号比特误码的影响是决定实际数字通信系统性能的重要因素.本文深入探讨了1024QAM信号通过多径信道后的性能与特点,并用SystemView对其波形和系统BER(比特误码率)等主要性能进行了仿真和分析.