GENERATOR VIBRATION FAULT DIAGNOSIS METHOD BASED ON ROTOR VIBRATION AND STATOR WINDING PARALLEL BRANCHES CIRCULATING CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS

Rotor vibration characteristics are first analyzed, which are that the rotor vibration of fundamental frequency will increase due to rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault, air-gap dynamic eccentricity fault, or imbalance fault, and the vibration of the second frequency will increase when the air-gap static eccentricity fault occurs. Next, the characteristics of the stator winding parallel branches circulating current are analyzed, which are that the second harmonics circulating current will increase when the rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault occurs, and the fundamental circulating current will increase when the air-gap eccentricity fault occurs, neither being strongly affected by the imbalance fault. Considering the differences of the rotor vibration and circulating current characteristics caused by different rotor faults, a method of generator vibration fault diagnosis, based on rotor vibration and circulating current characteristics, is developed. Finally, the rotor vibration and circulating current of a type SDF-9 generator is measured in the laboratory to verify the theoretical analysis presented above.

Research on Hybrid Power System with Dual Stator-winding and Its Decoupled Control Strategy

For the bi-power system adopted widely in future armored vehicles,a hybrid power generator with dual stator-winding was proposed.Its structure and working principle were analyzed first,and its main parameters were determined and verified according to the power requirements.The system's mathematical model was established,and a decoupled control method was put forward on the basis of the instantaneous reactive power theory.For the voltage building-up,a voltage control strategy was designed on the basis of mixed reactive power compensation to implement stabilized 28V and 270V outputs simultaneously.The simulation results show that the stabilization accuracy and disturbance rejection ability of the system are improved much more than other ordinary generators.

Calculation and analysis of unbalanced magnetic pulls of different stator winding setups in static eccentric induction motor

In large-scale electric machines, unbalanced magnetic pull （UMP） caused by eccentricity usually results in stator-rotor rub, so it is necessary to investigate the amplitude and the influencing factors. This paper takes the squirrel-cage induction motor as an example. A magnetic loop model of an induction motor is established by an analytical method. The impact of stator winding setup （parallel branch and pole pairs） on each magnetomotive force （MMF） and unbalanced magnetic pull is analyzed. Using the finite element simulation method, the spatial and time distribution of flux density of the rotor outer circle under static eccentricity is obtained, and the unbalanced magnetic pull calculation caused by static eccentricity is completed. The conclusion of the influence of stator winding on the size of unbalanced magnetic pull provides reliable gist for motor noise and vibration analysis, and especially provides an important reference for large induction motor design.

Stator Winding Turn Faults Diagnosis for Induction Motor by Immune Memory Dynamic Clonal Strategy Algorithm

Quick detection of a small initial fault is important for an induction motor to prevent a consequent large fault.The mathematical model with basic motor equations among voltages,currents,and fluxes is analyzed and the motor model equations are described.The fault related features are extracted.An immune memory dynamic clonal strategy(IMDCS)system is applied to detecting the stator faults of induction motor.Four features are obtained from the induction motor,and then these features are given to the IMDCS system.After the motor condition has been learned by the IMDCS system,the memory set obtained in the training stage can be used to detect any fault.The proposed method is experimentally implemented on the induction motor,and the experimental results show the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method to the diagnosis of stator winding turn faults in induction motors.

Design of Online Vision Detection System for Stator Winding Coil

The quality of the stator winding coil directly affects the performance of the motor.A dual-camera online machine vision detection method to detect whether the coil leads and winding regions were qualified was designed.A vision detection platform was designed to capture individual winding images,and an image processing algorithm was used for image pre-processing,template matching and positioning of the coil lead area to set up a coordinate system.After eliminating image noise by Blob analysis,the improved Canny algorithm was used to detect the location of the coil lead paint stripped region,and the time was reduced by about half compared to the Canny algorithm.The coil winding region was trained with the ShuffleNet V2-YOLOv5s model for the dataset,and the detect file was converted to the Open Neural Network Exchange(ONNX)model for the detection of winding cross features with an average accuracy of 99.0%.The software interface of the detection system was designed to perform qualified discrimination tests on the workpieces,and the detection data were recorded and statistically analyzed.The results showed that the stator winding coil qualified discrimination accuracy reached 96.2%,and the average detection time of a single workpiece was about 300 ms,while YOLOv5s took less than 30 ms.

Creation and Development of Turbo-generators with Water-Cooled Stator and Rotor Windings in Shanghai Electrical Machinery Mfg Works

1. An Overview of Manufacture and Operation A turbine generator utilizing a new technology of electrical machinery industry, i.e. the windings of its stator and rotor all being inner water-cooled, was first successfully created in China and was known afterwards as a turbine generator with watercooled stator and rotor windings (Abbrev, TGWSR). The teachers from Zhejiang University came to Shanghai between

The Multi-Objective Optimization of AFPM Generators with Double-Sided Internal Stator Structures for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

The axial flux permanent magnet(AFPM)generator with double-sided internal stator structure is highly suitable for vertical axis wind turbines due to its high power density.The performance of the AFPM generator with double-sided internal stator structure can be improved by the reasonable design of electromagnetic parameters.To further improve the overall performance of the AFPM generator with double-sided internal stator structure,multivariable(coil widthω_(c),permanent magnet thickness h,pole arc coefficient α_(p) and working air gap l_(g))and multi-objective(generator efficiencyη,total harmonic distortion of the voltage THD and induced electromotive force amplitude EMF)functional relationships are innovatively established.Orthogonal analysis,mean analysis and variance analysis are performed on the influence parameters by combining the Taguchi method and response surface methodology to study the influence degrees of each influence parameter on the optimization objectives to determine the most appropriate electromagnetic parameters.The optimization results are verified by 3D finite element analysis.The optimized APFM generator with double-sided internal stator structure exhibits superior economy,stronger magnetic density,higher efficiency and improved power quality.

Experimental Analysis of A Cooling System for Wind-Driven Generator Stator

A novel cooling system with cooling channels is proposed for the stator of 3MW wind-driven generator.An experimental platform is built to investigate the performance of the cooling system with different loads.At30%,50% or 80% generator loads,the temperatures meet the design requirement.However,it is a little over the requirement at 100%load,duo to experimental errors and some unknown thermal resistances.In the test at 100%load,the developing trends of the parameters of these two generators are similar and only minor differences occurs when they reach steady state our work can be benefit for the design and improvement of MW wind-driven generator cooling solutions.

Analysis of electromagnetic characteristics of typical faults in permanent magnet wind generators

Due to the harsh actual operating environment of the permanent magnet wind turbine,it is easy to break down and difficult to monitor.Therefore,the electromagnetic characteristics identification of major fault types of large-scale permanent magnet wind turbines is studied in this paper.The typical faults of rotor eccentricity,stator winding short circuit and permanent magnet demagnetization of permanent magnet wind turbines are analyzed theoretically.The wavelet analysis algorithm is used to decompose and reconstruct the abnormal electromagnetic signal waveform band,and the characteristic frequency of the electromagnetic signal is obtained when the fault occurs.In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,a 3.680MW permanent magnet wind turbine was taken as the research object.Its physical simulation model was established,and an external circuit was built to carry out field co-simulation.The results show that the motor fault type can be determined by detecting the change rule of fault characteristic frequency in the spectrum diagram,and the electromagnetic characteristic analysis can be applied to the early monitoring of the permanent magnet wind turbine fault.

Dynamic modeling and direct power control of wind turbine driven DFIG under unbalanced network voltage conditions

This paper proposes an analysis and a direct power control (DPC) design of a wind turbine driven doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) under unbalanced network voltage conditions. A DFIG model described in the positive and negative synchronous reference frames is presented. Variations of the stator output active and reactive powers are fully deduced in the presence of negative sequence supply voltage and rotor flux. An enhanced DPC scheme is proposed to eliminate stator active power oscillation during network unbalance. The proposed control scheme removes rotor current regulators and the decomposition processing of positive and negative sequence rotor currents. Simulation results using PSCAD/EMTDC are presented on a 2-MW DFIG wind power generation system to validate the feasibility of the proposed control scheme under balanced and unbalanced network conditions.

Feature extraction of induction motor stator fault based on particle swarm optimization and wavelet packet

To effectively extract the interturn short circuit fault features of induction motor from stator current signal, a novel feature extraction method based on the bare-bones particle swarm optimization （BBPSO） algorithm and wavelet packet was proposed. First, according to the maximum inner product between the current signal and the cosine basis functions, this method could precisely estimate the waveform parameters of the fundamental component using the powerful global search capability of the BBPSO, which can eliminate the fundamental component and not affect other harmonic components. Then, the harmonic components of residual current signal were decomposed to a series of frequency bands by wavelet packet to extract the interturn circuit fault features of the induction motor. Finally, the results of simulation and laboratory tests demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.

基于端部绕组模块的定子励磁无刷电机冷却方法

为了提升定子励磁无刷电机的冷却能力,提出了一种基于端部绕组模块的定子励磁无刷电机冷却方法.在电机端部绕组和定子铁芯叠片端部的间隙中插入端部绕组冷却(EWC)模块,以减小定子绕组热点区域和冷却介质之间的间隙,从而提高端部绕组的冷却能力.对非重叠式集中绕组长度计算模型进行改进,评估采用EWC模块前后电机定子电枢绕组长度的变化,分析EWC模块的电导率对电机定子损耗的影响.采用计算流体动力学(CFD)模型,对比EWC模块在不同铜耗和励磁源损耗密度下的冷却性能.结果表明,采用EWC模块可以使端部绕组的稳态温升降低约50%,热态时的绕组电阻降低7.51%,从而改善了定子的冷却条件.

Determination of the Orthotropic Material Behavior of Stator Bars and of the Material Characteristics of the Space Brackets

The end windings of generators are excited to vibrations due to electromagnetic forces which can cause severe damage （especially in case of resonance） and noise. To avoid this, it is important to predict the natural frequencies and modes of the end windings with finite elements during the design process. Hence, a material model of the complete stator bar is necessary. This paper shows the development of such a material model. The composite structure of a stator bar is quite complex and makes it impossible to provide a quick calculation of the eigenvalues. That is the reason for using a suitable, homogeneously, geometry based solid model. Special attention was paid to the experimental determination of the material characteristics of the orthotropic composite space brackets. The numerical results have been evaluated against measurements. Eigenvalues, Young＇s modulus, and shear modulus have been experimentally investigated.

大型发电机端部绕组电磁力物理数字孪生建模

为了在“智慧汽轮机”中更好地结合物理信息模型先验知识与数据驱动模型,并向真实机组模型迁移试验模型,进一步实现可靠的实验室数值仿真数据和真实运行数据互相印证与混和建模驱动,以600 MW大型汽轮发电机为研究对象,建立融合演进因素的汽轮发电机定子绕组本体模型,提出集成数字孪生智能绕组研究框架,并提出智能绕组内涵的形式化定义。基于镜像法、气隙回转电流应用叠加法、毕奥-萨伐尔定律和安培力定律建立定子端部绕组电磁力的数学机理物理信息模型。对有限元电磁力和数字化电磁力进行了分析对比,验证了所建立电磁力数字化物理信息模型的合理性。对比分析振动响应结果,进一步验证了数字化电磁力物理信息建模的正确性以及有限元电磁力对比验证的正确性。研究将对“智慧汽轮机”运维的振动动态基于物理机理与数据驱动混和建模的数字孪生故障诊断与预测提供有力的支撑。

气隙偏心对同步发电机定子绕组温升特性的影响

为了分析同步发电机气隙偏心对定子绕组的铜耗及温升的影响规律。首先理论推导了正常情况和偏心下的磁通密度及相应的铜耗,分析了绕组的温升特性;然后建立了CS-5型故障模拟发电机的三维有限元模型,计算得到了发电机在不同负载和不同故障程度下定子绕组的铜耗和温度变化规律;最后在CS-5型故障模拟发电机上对定子绕组温度进行了实测,所得实验结果和仿真数据与理论分析结论基本一致。研究发现:定子绕组直线段温度高于端部温度;定子绕组的铜耗和温度在气隙偏心工况下均高于正常情况,且随着偏心量和负载的增加呈现升高趋势;在静偏心下靠近小气隙一侧的绕组温度高于其他部位。

基于开口变压器法的交流电机定子非激励相绕组匝间短路检测研究

为了解决交流电机定子绕组中线圈绝缘损伤引起匝间短路故障无法准确、快速定位的问题,提出将检测转子绕组匝间短路的开口变压器法移植到检测交流电机定子绕组匝间短路,定子单相添加激励源,非激励相绕组设置故障点,开口变压器检测故障点所在槽,分析故障前后开口变压器绕组感应电动势的变化。首先阐述开口变压器检测定子非激励相的工作原理,分析正常和故障状态下通过开口变压器铁心漏磁通的表达式,进一步得到开口变压器绕组感应电动势表达式,获取故障变化规律。随后建立交流电机电磁仿真模型,进行仿真分析,最后用一台定子样机进行实验验证。结果表明:故障状态下,随着故障程度的加深,故障点所在槽的开口变压器感应电动势随之减小,证明了开口变压器可以作为离线检测交流电机定子非激励相绕组匝间短路故障的有效手段。

高导热储热材料对高功率密度永磁电机温升的影响

如何降低电机温升是电机设计中一个至关重要的问题.将绝缘漆与高导热材料、储热材料、固化材料通过一定工艺制备成高导热储热材料,填充在样机绕组端部与外壳的间隙处,并对其进行了温度场分析与温升实验.结果表明:利用储热材料吸收热量的特性与高导热材料的高导热率可有效降低电机温升10.2℃,电机功率提高了9.8%,高导热储热材料能有效提高电机的性能.

基于超扭曲滑模的双定子绕组感应电机转速磁通控制

针对双定子绕组感应电机DSWIMs(dual-stator winding induction machines)在传统直接转矩和磁通控制下转矩、磁通和电流纹波大,在低速下控制磁通难度大、噪声大等问题,提出1种基于超扭曲滑模控制器STSMC(super twisting sliding mode controller)的DSWIMs新型转速和磁通直接控制方法。通过设计满足李雅普诺夫稳定条件的有限时间收敛误差为0的非线性控制器,提出1种DSWIMs新型转矩分配算法,可使DSWIMs在较宽的转速范围内运行,并包括零转速,所需电磁转矩由2组绕组根据其额定功率提供。此外,针对DSWIMs设计了1种基于滑模控制的全阶观测器,能够高精度地估计绕组磁通、磁通角和转子转速,以实现最优磁通状态。最后,在1个3.3 kWDSWIM驱动系统上进行实验测试,评估所提DSWIM控制方案的性能,实验结果证明了所提控制方法、转矩分配算法和全阶观测器在不同速度区域的有效性。

发电机定子绕组端部模态试验分析

发电机是电力生产的关键设备之一,其安全稳定运行对于供电的可靠性有着极为重要的作用。通过锤击法对某电厂发电机定子绕组端部进行模态试验分析,获得定子绕组端部的动力特性及线棒、引线固有频率,以指导定子绕组端部大修期间的检查维护,确保汽轮发电机在运行期间不发生较大振动或共振,提升机组安全运行水平。

基于d-q变换及WOA-LSTM的异步电机定子匝间短路故障诊断方法

为了实现对异步电机定子绕组匝间短路故障的可靠在线诊断,提出一种基于d-q变换及鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)优化的长短期记忆网络(LSTM)的故障诊断方法。通过理论推导可知,d-q变换可有效提取定子电流中的特征频谱数据。采用鲸鱼优化算法对长短期记忆网络中的3个关键参数进行优化,建立WOA-LSTM故障分类模型。为了验证基于d-q变换和WOA-LSTM故障诊断方法的有效性,分别以小波变换、快速傅里叶变换及d-q变换提取电流频谱数据作为输入数据集,以一台YE2-100L1-4型异步电机为实验对象进行实验验证。研究结果表明:相比于小波变换及快速傅里叶变换,采用d-q变换能更准确的提取出定子电流中的故障特征,更精确地反映电机故障状态,有助于提高故障分类准确率;相比于传统的LSTM算法,经WOA优化后的LSTM算法分类准确率可达98.3%,能可靠地实现不同程度匝间短路故障的诊断。