Bipolar medium-voltage DC(MVDC)and lowvoltage DC(LVDC)grids have the advantages of flexible integration of distributed renewable-energy generation and reliable power supply.In order to achieve voltage conversion,power...Bipolar medium-voltage DC(MVDC)and lowvoltage DC(LVDC)grids have the advantages of flexible integration of distributed renewable-energy generation and reliable power supply.In order to achieve voltage conversion,power transfer,and electrical isolation for bipolar MVDC and LVDC grids,a high-power DC-DC converter is essential.Therefore,this paper proposes an isolated bipolar modular multilevel DCDC converter(BiMMDC)with power self-balancing capability for interconnection of MVDC and LVDC grids.The proposed BiMMDC consists of two series connected MMCs in the MV stage to configure a bipolar MVDC interface,and interleaved converters combined with a dual-transformer are designed in the LV stage to configure the bipolar LVDC interface and to provide a self-balancing capability.Equivalent circuits of two series-connected MMCs and a dual-transformer with interleaved converters are derived.After that,operation principles of the proposed BiMMDC are introduced,considering balanced/unbalanced power transfer of bipolar LVDC grid and monopolar shortcircuit or open-circuit faults at MVDC grid.The control scheme is also presented for the proposed BiMMDC under different operating conditions.Finally,a Matlab simulation and controller hardware-in-the-loop(CHIL)evaluation results are provided to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed typology and its operating performance.展开更多
研究一种基于多模块多电平双向DC-DC变换器的超级电容储能系统,该系统可有助于减小超级电容单体电压低与应用场合电压高间的矛盾。超级电容组间的均压控制是该系统稳定运行的关键之一。对超级电容组的均压控制和储能系统能量管理策略进...研究一种基于多模块多电平双向DC-DC变换器的超级电容储能系统,该系统可有助于减小超级电容单体电压低与应用场合电压高间的矛盾。超级电容组间的均压控制是该系统稳定运行的关键之一。对超级电容组的均压控制和储能系统能量管理策略进行分析和设计。利用双向变换器的小信号模型分析超级电容储能系统电流控制与超级电容组间均压控制的关系,设计多模块多电平双向DC-DC变换器的双闭环控制策略,在稳定控制网侧电感电流的同时实现超级电容组间电压均衡的解耦控制。进一步,根据母线电压变化及超级电容荷电水平(state of charge,SOC)提出储能系统能量控制策略。系统仿真和实验验证了所提出的基于MMC双向变换器的超级电容储能系统控制策略的有效性。展开更多
This paper proposes a DC fault protection strategy for large multi-terminal HVDC(MTDC)network where MMC based DC-DC converter is configured at strategic locations to allow the large MTDC network to be operated interco...This paper proposes a DC fault protection strategy for large multi-terminal HVDC(MTDC)network where MMC based DC-DC converter is configured at strategic locations to allow the large MTDC network to be operated interconnected but partitioned into islanded DC network zones following faults.Each DC network zone is protected using either AC circuit breakers coordinated with DC switches or slow mechanical type DC circuit breakers to minimize the capital cost.In case of a DC fault event,DC-DC converters which have inherent DC fault isolation capability provide‘firewall’between the faulty and healthy zones such that the faulty DC network zone can be quickly isolated from the remaining of the MTDC network to allow the healthy DC network zones to remain operational.The validity of the proposed protection arrangement is confirmed using MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations.展开更多
多端口固态变压器是多电压形态多电压等级的交直流混合电网的核心设备,模块化多电平(modular multilevel converter,MMC)型固态变压器(solid state transformer,SST)具有中压直流端口,可接入中压直流配电网,构成多区域交流配电网的柔性...多端口固态变压器是多电压形态多电压等级的交直流混合电网的核心设备,模块化多电平(modular multilevel converter,MMC)型固态变压器(solid state transformer,SST)具有中压直流端口,可接入中压直流配电网,构成多区域交流配电网的柔性互联,提升区域网络间功率灵活调节能力。而采用传统的MMC-SST拓扑及控制,中压直流线路短路故障会引起低压端口供电中断。文中提出一种混合型MMC-SST的拓扑及控制,其具备中压交流、中压直流和低压交直流端口,通过控制使其具有中压直流短路故障耐受能力,同时故障期间保持中压交流和低压端口的不间断功率交互,从而提升低压用户供电可靠性。分析MMC-SST在正常运行和中压直流故障不间断运行控制下内部能量平衡机理,提出中压直流短路故障下电容电压平衡及不间断运行控制策略,实现MMC-SST中压直流短路故障时不间断稳定运行。通过理论分析,仿真与物理动模实验,验证了所提拓扑及控制的可行性及有效性。展开更多
The concept of a flexible power electronics substation(FPES)was first applied in the Zhangbei DC distribution network demonstration project.As a multi-port power electronics transformer(PET)with different AC and DC vo...The concept of a flexible power electronics substation(FPES)was first applied in the Zhangbei DC distribution network demonstration project.As a multi-port power electronics transformer(PET)with different AC and DC voltage levels,the FPES has adopted a novel topology integrating modular multilevel converter(MMC)and four-winding medium frequency transformer(FWMFT)based multiport DC-DC converter,which can significantly reduce capacitance in each sub-module(SM)of a MMC and also save space and cost.In this paper,in order to accelerate speed of electromagnetic transient(EMT)simulations of FPES based hybrid AC/DC distribution systems,an averaged-value model(AVM)is proposed for efficient and accurate representation of FPES.Assume that all SM capacitor voltages are perfectly balanced in the MMC,then the MMC behavior can be modeled using controlled voltage sources based on modulation voltages from control systems.In terms of the averaged current transfer characteristics among the windings of the FWMFT,we consider that all multiport DC-DC converters are controlled with the same dynamics,a lumped averaged model using controlled current and voltage sources has been developed for these four-port DC-DC converters connected to the upper or lower arms of the MMC.The presented FPES AVM model has been tested and validated by comparison with a detailed IGBT-based EMT model.Results show that the AVM is significantly more efficient while maintaining its accuracy in an EMT simulation.展开更多
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51877089)。
文摘Bipolar medium-voltage DC(MVDC)and lowvoltage DC(LVDC)grids have the advantages of flexible integration of distributed renewable-energy generation and reliable power supply.In order to achieve voltage conversion,power transfer,and electrical isolation for bipolar MVDC and LVDC grids,a high-power DC-DC converter is essential.Therefore,this paper proposes an isolated bipolar modular multilevel DCDC converter(BiMMDC)with power self-balancing capability for interconnection of MVDC and LVDC grids.The proposed BiMMDC consists of two series connected MMCs in the MV stage to configure a bipolar MVDC interface,and interleaved converters combined with a dual-transformer are designed in the LV stage to configure the bipolar LVDC interface and to provide a self-balancing capability.Equivalent circuits of two series-connected MMCs and a dual-transformer with interleaved converters are derived.After that,operation principles of the proposed BiMMDC are introduced,considering balanced/unbalanced power transfer of bipolar LVDC grid and monopolar shortcircuit or open-circuit faults at MVDC grid.The control scheme is also presented for the proposed BiMMDC under different operating conditions.Finally,a Matlab simulation and controller hardware-in-the-loop(CHIL)evaluation results are provided to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed typology and its operating performance.
文摘研究一种基于多模块多电平双向DC-DC变换器的超级电容储能系统,该系统可有助于减小超级电容单体电压低与应用场合电压高间的矛盾。超级电容组间的均压控制是该系统稳定运行的关键之一。对超级电容组的均压控制和储能系统能量管理策略进行分析和设计。利用双向变换器的小信号模型分析超级电容储能系统电流控制与超级电容组间均压控制的关系,设计多模块多电平双向DC-DC变换器的双闭环控制策略,在稳定控制网侧电感电流的同时实现超级电容组间电压均衡的解耦控制。进一步,根据母线电压变化及超级电容荷电水平(state of charge,SOC)提出储能系统能量控制策略。系统仿真和实验验证了所提出的基于MMC双向变换器的超级电容储能系统控制策略的有效性。
基金supported in part by China Electric Power Research Institute(CEPRI).
文摘This paper proposes a DC fault protection strategy for large multi-terminal HVDC(MTDC)network where MMC based DC-DC converter is configured at strategic locations to allow the large MTDC network to be operated interconnected but partitioned into islanded DC network zones following faults.Each DC network zone is protected using either AC circuit breakers coordinated with DC switches or slow mechanical type DC circuit breakers to minimize the capital cost.In case of a DC fault event,DC-DC converters which have inherent DC fault isolation capability provide‘firewall’between the faulty and healthy zones such that the faulty DC network zone can be quickly isolated from the remaining of the MTDC network to allow the healthy DC network zones to remain operational.The validity of the proposed protection arrangement is confirmed using MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations.
文摘多端口固态变压器是多电压形态多电压等级的交直流混合电网的核心设备,模块化多电平(modular multilevel converter,MMC)型固态变压器(solid state transformer,SST)具有中压直流端口,可接入中压直流配电网,构成多区域交流配电网的柔性互联,提升区域网络间功率灵活调节能力。而采用传统的MMC-SST拓扑及控制,中压直流线路短路故障会引起低压端口供电中断。文中提出一种混合型MMC-SST的拓扑及控制,其具备中压交流、中压直流和低压交直流端口,通过控制使其具有中压直流短路故障耐受能力,同时故障期间保持中压交流和低压端口的不间断功率交互,从而提升低压用户供电可靠性。分析MMC-SST在正常运行和中压直流故障不间断运行控制下内部能量平衡机理,提出中压直流短路故障下电容电压平衡及不间断运行控制策略,实现MMC-SST中压直流短路故障时不间断稳定运行。通过理论分析,仿真与物理动模实验,验证了所提拓扑及控制的可行性及有效性。
基金This work was supported in part by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(51977142)。
文摘The concept of a flexible power electronics substation(FPES)was first applied in the Zhangbei DC distribution network demonstration project.As a multi-port power electronics transformer(PET)with different AC and DC voltage levels,the FPES has adopted a novel topology integrating modular multilevel converter(MMC)and four-winding medium frequency transformer(FWMFT)based multiport DC-DC converter,which can significantly reduce capacitance in each sub-module(SM)of a MMC and also save space and cost.In this paper,in order to accelerate speed of electromagnetic transient(EMT)simulations of FPES based hybrid AC/DC distribution systems,an averaged-value model(AVM)is proposed for efficient and accurate representation of FPES.Assume that all SM capacitor voltages are perfectly balanced in the MMC,then the MMC behavior can be modeled using controlled voltage sources based on modulation voltages from control systems.In terms of the averaged current transfer characteristics among the windings of the FWMFT,we consider that all multiport DC-DC converters are controlled with the same dynamics,a lumped averaged model using controlled current and voltage sources has been developed for these four-port DC-DC converters connected to the upper or lower arms of the MMC.The presented FPES AVM model has been tested and validated by comparison with a detailed IGBT-based EMT model.Results show that the AVM is significantly more efficient while maintaining its accuracy in an EMT simulation.
