In this study, we developed a tailored capillary sorbent for bilirubin removal. For immobilized bioligand, capillaries were grafted with epoxy groups using RIGP. The HSA immobilized capillaries has a high affinity ads...In this study, we developed a tailored capillary sorbent for bilirubin removal. For immobilized bioligand, capillaries were grafted with epoxy groups using RIGP. The HSA immobilized capillaries has a high affinity adsorption capacity （71.2 mg bilirubin/g polymer） and a shorter adsorption equilibrium time （about 60 min）.展开更多
Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is indeed common. However, severe nerve injuries and bilirubin encephalopathy are rare and only occur in the unusual cases of extreme hyperbilirubinemia. Objectives: To investig...Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is indeed common. However, severe nerve injuries and bilirubin encephalopathy are rare and only occur in the unusual cases of extreme hyperbilirubinemia. Objectives: To investigate brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes and their correlations with perinatal predisposing factors in neonates with indirect hyperbilirubinemia, via regions of interest (ROIs) analysis. Methods: Seventy-six neonates with a gestational age of ≥35 weeks diagnosed with neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia or bilirubin encephalopathy all underwent brain MRI during hospitalization. Depending on peak total serum bilirubin (TSB), they were assigned to group A (<221 μmol/L), B (≥221 μmol/L μmol/L), C (≥42 μmol/L μmol/L), or D (≥428 μmol/L). The globus pallidus and the white matter around the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle and posterior horn of the lateral ventricle were selected as the ROIs. Average optical densities (AODs) of the ROIs and the cerebrospinal fluid region were measured. The ratio between the AODs was designated as the relative optical density (ROD), and used to determine relative signal intensity. Results: RODs of the globus pallidus were significantly lower in group D than in all other groups. TSB and the ratio of TSB to serum albumin concentration (B/A) was significantly negatively correlated with ROD in theglobus pallidus. Corrected age was significantly negatively correlated with the ROD of the ROIs. Conclusions: Semi-quantitative image analysis is a feasible method to assess conventional brain MRI for neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia. The signal intensity of the globus pallidus in T1-weighted images was significantly correlated with TSB level and B/A.展开更多
After binding to human serum albumin,bilirubin could undergo photoisomerization and photoinduced cyclization process.The latter process would result the formation of a product,named as lumirubin.These photo induced be...After binding to human serum albumin,bilirubin could undergo photoisomerization and photoinduced cyclization process.The latter process would result the formation of a product,named as lumirubin.These photo induced behaviors are the fundamental ofclinical therapy for neonatal jaundice.Previous studies have reported that the addition of long chain fatty acids is beneficial to the generation of lumirubin,yet no kinetic study has revealed the mechanism behind.In this study,how palmitic acid affects the photochemical reaction process of bilirubin in Human serum albumin(HSA)is studied by using femtosecond transient absorption and fluorescence up-conversion techniques.With the addition of palmitic acid,the excited population of bilirubin prefers to return to its hot ground state(S_(0))through a 4 ps decay channel rather than the intrinsic ultrafast decay pathways(<1 ps).This effect prompts the Z-Z to E-Z isomerization at the S_(0) state and then further increases the production yield of lumirubin.This is the first time to characterize the promoting effect of long chain fatty acid in the process of phototherapy with femtosecond time resolution spectroscopy and the results can provide useful information to benefit the relevant clinical study.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a major complication of diabetes mellitus(DM).Type-2 DM(T2DM)is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality,while serum biomarkers may facilitate the p...BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a major complication of diabetes mellitus(DM).Type-2 DM(T2DM)is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality,while serum biomarkers may facilitate the prediction of these outcomes.Early differential diagnosis of T2DM complicated with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)plays an important role in controlling disease progression and improving safety.AIM To investigate the correlation of serum bilirubin andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GGT)with major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs)in T2DM patients with ACS.METHODS The clinical data of inpatients from January 2022 to December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively.According to different conditions,they were divided into the T2DM complicated with ACS group(T2DM+ACS,n=96),simple T2DM group(T2DM,n=85),and simple ACS group(ACS,n=90).The clinical data and laboratory indices were compared among the three groups,and the correlations of serum total bilirubin(TBIL)levels and serumγ-GGT levels with other indices were discussed.T2DM+ACS patients received a 90-day follow-up after discharge and were divided into event(n=15)and nonevent(n=81)groups according to the occurrence of MACEs;Univariate and multivariate analyses were further used to screen the independent influencing factors of MACEs in patients.RESULTS The T2DM+ACS group showed higherγ-GGT,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and lower TBIL and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than the T2DM and ACS groups(P<0.05).Based on univariate analysis,the event and nonevent groups were significantly different in age(t=3.3612,P=0.0011),TBIL level(t=3.0742,P=0.0028),γ-GGT level(t=2.6887,P=0.0085),LDL-C level(t=2.0816,P=0.0401),HbA1c level(t=2.7862,P=0.0065)and left ventricular ejection fraction(LEVF)levels(t=3.2047,P=0.0018).Multivariate logistic regression analysis further identified that TBIL level and LEVF level were protective factor for MACEs,and age andγ-GGT level were risk factors(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Serum TBIL levels are decreased andγ-GGT levels are increased in T2DM+ACS patients,and the two indices are significantly negatively correlated.TBIL andγ-GGT are independent influencing factors for MACEs in such patients.展开更多
The formation and breaking of intramolecular hydrogen bonds of bilirubin in CDCl_3-DMSO-d_6 binary solvent have been investigated by means of NMR spectroscopy.The chemical shifts of protons at dipyrrinone lactam C=O a...The formation and breaking of intramolecular hydrogen bonds of bilirubin in CDCl_3-DMSO-d_6 binary solvent have been investigated by means of NMR spectroscopy.The chemical shifts of protons at dipyrrinone lactam C=O and N-H,Pyrrole N-H,C-5,C-15 and methylene groups of 8,12-propionic acid side-chains changed markedly as a function of composition of the binary solvent.The hydrogen bond formation is dependent on the conformation of propionic acid side-chains.展开更多
钙钛矿材料由于具有结构稳定、易于获取、成本低廉和易于合成等优点,在发光二极管、激光器和太阳能电池等光电器件领域具有广阔的应用前景。目前,部分适合UV-LED应用的钙钛矿具有结构不稳定性。为了寻找结构稳定的钙钛矿,此项研究利用...钙钛矿材料由于具有结构稳定、易于获取、成本低廉和易于合成等优点,在发光二极管、激光器和太阳能电池等光电器件领域具有广阔的应用前景。目前,部分适合UV-LED应用的钙钛矿具有结构不稳定性。为了寻找结构稳定的钙钛矿,此项研究利用第一性原理对无铅双钙钛矿Cs_(2)NaScX_(6)(X=Cl,Br,I)的电子及光学性质进行了理论计算。计算结果表明:Cs_(2)NaScX_(6)(X=Cl,Br,I)为直接带隙半导体,带隙值分别为5.545 e V(Cl)、4.549 eV(Br)和3.408 eV(I),Cs_(2)NaScI_(6)在紫外光范围内具有较强的光吸收。本研究内容为无铅A_(2)B^(I)B^(III)X_(6)型双钙钛矿成为UV-LED的候选材料提供理论支持。展开更多
Objective: To study the correlation of serum bilirubin level with nerve defect, oxidative stress and adhesion molecules in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 85 patients who were diagnosed with acu...Objective: To study the correlation of serum bilirubin level with nerve defect, oxidative stress and adhesion molecules in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 85 patients who were diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction in Huangshi Central Hospital between August 2014 and March 2017 were selected as the ACI group of the research, and 62 healthy volunteers who received physical examination in Huangshi Central Hospital over the same period were selected as control group. The levels of bilirubin and the contents of nerve defect markers, oxidative stress indexes and adhesion molecules in serum as well as the expression of oxidative stress indexes in peripheral blood were measured. Results: Serum TBIL, IBIL, NSE, sTRAIL, sFas, GFAP, S100B, MDA, AOPP, FKN, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, ALCAM and PECAM-1 contents as well as peripheral blood Nrf-2 and HO-1 mRNA expression of ACI group were greatly higher than those of control group, serum SOD content was greatly lower than that of control group, and DBIL level was not different from that of control group;serum TBIL and IBIL levels of ACI patients were positively correlated with serum NSE, sTRAIL, sFas, GFAP, S100B, MDA, AOPP, FKN, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, ALCAM and PECAM-1 contents as well as peripheral blood Nrf-2 and HO-1 mRNA expression, and negatively correlated with serum SOD content. Conclusion: The increase of serum TBIL and IBIL levels in patients with cerebral infarction is related to the degree of nerve defect, the activation of oxidative stress and the increased generation of adhesion molecules.展开更多
Surgical resection is a pivotal therapeutic approach for addressing hepatic space-occupying lesions,with liver volume restoration and hepatic functional recovery being crucial for assessing surgical prognosis.The preo...Surgical resection is a pivotal therapeutic approach for addressing hepatic space-occupying lesions,with liver volume restoration and hepatic functional recovery being crucial for assessing surgical prognosis.The preoperative albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score,encompassing serum albumin and bilirubin levels,can be determined via blood analysis,effectively mitigating human error and providing an accurate depiction of liver function.The hepatectomy ratio,which is the proportion of the liver volume removed to the total liver volume,is critical in preserving an adequate liver tissue volume to ensure postoperative hepatic functional compensation,minimize surgical complications,and reduce mortality rates.Incorporating the preoperative ALBI score and hepatectomy ratio aids surgeons in assessing the optimal timing and extent of partial hepatectomy.The introduction of preoperative albumin bilirubin score and hepatectomy percentage is beneficial for the surgeons to evaluate the timing and magnitude of partial liver resection.展开更多
Plant height(PH)is associated with lodging resistance and planting density,which is regulated by a complicated gene network.In this study,we identified a spontaneous dwarfing mutation in maize,m30,with decreased inter...Plant height(PH)is associated with lodging resistance and planting density,which is regulated by a complicated gene network.In this study,we identified a spontaneous dwarfing mutation in maize,m30,with decreased internode number and length but increased internode diameter.A candidate gene,ZmCYP90D1,which encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 family,was isolated by map-based cloning.ZmCYP90D1 was constitutively expressed and showed highest expression in basal internodes,and its protein was targeted to the nucleus.A G-to-A substitution was identified to be the causal mutation,which resulted in a truncated protein in m30.Loss of function of ZmCYP90D1 changed expression of hormoneresponsive genes,in particular brassinosteroid(BR)-responsive genes which is mainly involved in cell cycle regulation and cell wall extension and modification in plants.The concentration of typhasterol(TY),a downstream intermediate of ZmCYP90D1 in the BR pathway,was reduced.A haplotype conferring dwarfing without reducing yield was identified.ZmCYP90D1 was inferred to influence plant height and stalk diameter via hormone-mediated cell division and cell growth via the BR pathway.展开更多
This editorial synthesizes insights from a series of studies examining the interplay between metabolic and oxidative stress biomarkers in cardiovascular disease(CVD),focusing particularly on type-2 diabetes mellitus(T...This editorial synthesizes insights from a series of studies examining the interplay between metabolic and oxidative stress biomarkers in cardiovascular disease(CVD),focusing particularly on type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and acute coronary syndrome(ACS).The central piece of this synthesis is a study that investigates the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in the body through the analysis of serum bilirubin andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GGT)levels in T2DM patients with ACS.This study highlights serum bilirubin as a protective antioxidant factor,while elevatedγ-GGT levels indicate increased oxidative stress and correlate with major adverse cardiovascular events.Complementary to this,other research contributions revealγ-GGT’s role as a risk factor in ACS,its association with cardiovascular mortality in broader populations,and its link to metabolic syndrome,further elucidating the metabolic dysregulation in CVDs.The collective findings from these studies underscore the critical roles ofγ-GGT and serum bilirubin in cardiovascular health,especially in the context of T2DM and ACS.By providing a balanced view of the body’s oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms,these insights suggest potential pathways for targeted interventions and improved prognostic assessments in patients with T2DM and ACS.This synthesis not only corroborates the pivotal role ofγ-GGT in cardiovascular pathology but also introduces the protective potential of antioxidants like bilirubin,illuminating the complex interplay between T2DM and heart disease.These studies collectively underscore the critical roles of serum bilirubin andγ-GGT as biomarkers in cardiovascular health,particularly in T2DM and ACS contexts,offering insights into the body’s oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms.This synthesis of research supports the potential of these biomarkers in guiding therapeutic strategies and improving prognostic assessments for patients with T2DM and some CVD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes mellitus are more likely to experience depression,although most patients remain undiagnosed.The relation between total bilirubin and depression has been increasingly discussed,but ...BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes mellitus are more likely to experience depression,although most patients remain undiagnosed.The relation between total bilirubin and depression has been increasingly discussed,but limited studies have examined the association of total bilirubin with depression risk in adults with diabetes,which warrants attention.AIM To investigate the association between total bilirubin levels and the risk of depression in adults with diabetes.METHODS The study included adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018.Depression was determined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.Multivariable logistic regression,propensity scorematched analysis and restricted cubic spline models were utilized to investigate the association between total bilirubin levels and depression risk in adults with diabetes.RESULTS The study included 4758 adults with diabetes,of whom 602(12.7%)were diagnosed with depression.After adjusting for covariates,we found that diabetic adults with lower total bilirubin levels had a higher risk of depression(OR=1.230,95%CI:1.006-1.503,P=0.043).This association was further confirmed after propensity score matching(OR=1.303,95%CI:1.034-1.641,P=0.025).Subgroup analyses showed no significant dependence of age,body mass index,sex,race or hypertension on this association.Restricted cubic spline models displayed an inverted U-shaped association of total bilirubin levels with depression risk within the lower range of total bilirubin levels.The depression risk heightened with the increasing levels of total bilirubin,reaching the highest risk at 6.81μmol/L and decreasing thereafter.CONCLUSION In adults with diabetes,those with lower levels of total bilirubin were more likely to have depressive symptoms.Serum total bilirubin levels may be used as an additional indicator to assess depression risk in adults with diabetes.展开更多
文摘In this study, we developed a tailored capillary sorbent for bilirubin removal. For immobilized bioligand, capillaries were grafted with epoxy groups using RIGP. The HSA immobilized capillaries has a high affinity adsorption capacity （71.2 mg bilirubin/g polymer） and a shorter adsorption equilibrium time （about 60 min）.
文摘Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is indeed common. However, severe nerve injuries and bilirubin encephalopathy are rare and only occur in the unusual cases of extreme hyperbilirubinemia. Objectives: To investigate brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes and their correlations with perinatal predisposing factors in neonates with indirect hyperbilirubinemia, via regions of interest (ROIs) analysis. Methods: Seventy-six neonates with a gestational age of ≥35 weeks diagnosed with neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia or bilirubin encephalopathy all underwent brain MRI during hospitalization. Depending on peak total serum bilirubin (TSB), they were assigned to group A (<221 μmol/L), B (≥221 μmol/L μmol/L), C (≥42 μmol/L μmol/L), or D (≥428 μmol/L). The globus pallidus and the white matter around the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle and posterior horn of the lateral ventricle were selected as the ROIs. Average optical densities (AODs) of the ROIs and the cerebrospinal fluid region were measured. The ratio between the AODs was designated as the relative optical density (ROD), and used to determine relative signal intensity. Results: RODs of the globus pallidus were significantly lower in group D than in all other groups. TSB and the ratio of TSB to serum albumin concentration (B/A) was significantly negatively correlated with ROD in theglobus pallidus. Corrected age was significantly negatively correlated with the ROD of the ROIs. Conclusions: Semi-quantitative image analysis is a feasible method to assess conventional brain MRI for neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia. The signal intensity of the globus pallidus in T1-weighted images was significantly correlated with TSB level and B/A.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.91850202, No.21873030 and No.11674101)Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.19QA1402800)
文摘After binding to human serum albumin,bilirubin could undergo photoisomerization and photoinduced cyclization process.The latter process would result the formation of a product,named as lumirubin.These photo induced behaviors are the fundamental ofclinical therapy for neonatal jaundice.Previous studies have reported that the addition of long chain fatty acids is beneficial to the generation of lumirubin,yet no kinetic study has revealed the mechanism behind.In this study,how palmitic acid affects the photochemical reaction process of bilirubin in Human serum albumin(HSA)is studied by using femtosecond transient absorption and fluorescence up-conversion techniques.With the addition of palmitic acid,the excited population of bilirubin prefers to return to its hot ground state(S_(0))through a 4 ps decay channel rather than the intrinsic ultrafast decay pathways(<1 ps).This effect prompts the Z-Z to E-Z isomerization at the S_(0) state and then further increases the production yield of lumirubin.This is the first time to characterize the promoting effect of long chain fatty acid in the process of phototherapy with femtosecond time resolution spectroscopy and the results can provide useful information to benefit the relevant clinical study.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Major Project of Changzhou Science and Technology Bureau,No.CE20205047Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomo us Region,No.ZD202220Changzhou A major scientific research project of the Municipal Health Commission,No.2022D01F52.
文摘BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a major complication of diabetes mellitus(DM).Type-2 DM(T2DM)is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality,while serum biomarkers may facilitate the prediction of these outcomes.Early differential diagnosis of T2DM complicated with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)plays an important role in controlling disease progression and improving safety.AIM To investigate the correlation of serum bilirubin andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GGT)with major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs)in T2DM patients with ACS.METHODS The clinical data of inpatients from January 2022 to December 2022 were analyzed retrospectively.According to different conditions,they were divided into the T2DM complicated with ACS group(T2DM+ACS,n=96),simple T2DM group(T2DM,n=85),and simple ACS group(ACS,n=90).The clinical data and laboratory indices were compared among the three groups,and the correlations of serum total bilirubin(TBIL)levels and serumγ-GGT levels with other indices were discussed.T2DM+ACS patients received a 90-day follow-up after discharge and were divided into event(n=15)and nonevent(n=81)groups according to the occurrence of MACEs;Univariate and multivariate analyses were further used to screen the independent influencing factors of MACEs in patients.RESULTS The T2DM+ACS group showed higherγ-GGT,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and lower TBIL and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than the T2DM and ACS groups(P<0.05).Based on univariate analysis,the event and nonevent groups were significantly different in age(t=3.3612,P=0.0011),TBIL level(t=3.0742,P=0.0028),γ-GGT level(t=2.6887,P=0.0085),LDL-C level(t=2.0816,P=0.0401),HbA1c level(t=2.7862,P=0.0065)and left ventricular ejection fraction(LEVF)levels(t=3.2047,P=0.0018).Multivariate logistic regression analysis further identified that TBIL level and LEVF level were protective factor for MACEs,and age andγ-GGT level were risk factors(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Serum TBIL levels are decreased andγ-GGT levels are increased in T2DM+ACS patients,and the two indices are significantly negatively correlated.TBIL andγ-GGT are independent influencing factors for MACEs in such patients.
文摘The formation and breaking of intramolecular hydrogen bonds of bilirubin in CDCl_3-DMSO-d_6 binary solvent have been investigated by means of NMR spectroscopy.The chemical shifts of protons at dipyrrinone lactam C=O and N-H,Pyrrole N-H,C-5,C-15 and methylene groups of 8,12-propionic acid side-chains changed markedly as a function of composition of the binary solvent.The hydrogen bond formation is dependent on the conformation of propionic acid side-chains.
文摘钙钛矿材料由于具有结构稳定、易于获取、成本低廉和易于合成等优点,在发光二极管、激光器和太阳能电池等光电器件领域具有广阔的应用前景。目前,部分适合UV-LED应用的钙钛矿具有结构不稳定性。为了寻找结构稳定的钙钛矿,此项研究利用第一性原理对无铅双钙钛矿Cs_(2)NaScX_(6)(X=Cl,Br,I)的电子及光学性质进行了理论计算。计算结果表明:Cs_(2)NaScX_(6)(X=Cl,Br,I)为直接带隙半导体,带隙值分别为5.545 e V(Cl)、4.549 eV(Br)和3.408 eV(I),Cs_(2)NaScI_(6)在紫外光范围内具有较强的光吸收。本研究内容为无铅A_(2)B^(I)B^(III)X_(6)型双钙钛矿成为UV-LED的候选材料提供理论支持。
文摘Objective: To study the correlation of serum bilirubin level with nerve defect, oxidative stress and adhesion molecules in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 85 patients who were diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction in Huangshi Central Hospital between August 2014 and March 2017 were selected as the ACI group of the research, and 62 healthy volunteers who received physical examination in Huangshi Central Hospital over the same period were selected as control group. The levels of bilirubin and the contents of nerve defect markers, oxidative stress indexes and adhesion molecules in serum as well as the expression of oxidative stress indexes in peripheral blood were measured. Results: Serum TBIL, IBIL, NSE, sTRAIL, sFas, GFAP, S100B, MDA, AOPP, FKN, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, ALCAM and PECAM-1 contents as well as peripheral blood Nrf-2 and HO-1 mRNA expression of ACI group were greatly higher than those of control group, serum SOD content was greatly lower than that of control group, and DBIL level was not different from that of control group;serum TBIL and IBIL levels of ACI patients were positively correlated with serum NSE, sTRAIL, sFas, GFAP, S100B, MDA, AOPP, FKN, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, ALCAM and PECAM-1 contents as well as peripheral blood Nrf-2 and HO-1 mRNA expression, and negatively correlated with serum SOD content. Conclusion: The increase of serum TBIL and IBIL levels in patients with cerebral infarction is related to the degree of nerve defect, the activation of oxidative stress and the increased generation of adhesion molecules.
文摘Surgical resection is a pivotal therapeutic approach for addressing hepatic space-occupying lesions,with liver volume restoration and hepatic functional recovery being crucial for assessing surgical prognosis.The preoperative albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score,encompassing serum albumin and bilirubin levels,can be determined via blood analysis,effectively mitigating human error and providing an accurate depiction of liver function.The hepatectomy ratio,which is the proportion of the liver volume removed to the total liver volume,is critical in preserving an adequate liver tissue volume to ensure postoperative hepatic functional compensation,minimize surgical complications,and reduce mortality rates.Incorporating the preoperative ALBI score and hepatectomy ratio aids surgeons in assessing the optimal timing and extent of partial hepatectomy.The introduction of preoperative albumin bilirubin score and hepatectomy percentage is beneficial for the surgeons to evaluate the timing and magnitude of partial liver resection.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2004144,31971893,32101743)the Key Technologies R&D Program of Henan Province(232102111080)Yunnan Academician Expert Workstation(202305AF150082).
文摘Plant height(PH)is associated with lodging resistance and planting density,which is regulated by a complicated gene network.In this study,we identified a spontaneous dwarfing mutation in maize,m30,with decreased internode number and length but increased internode diameter.A candidate gene,ZmCYP90D1,which encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 family,was isolated by map-based cloning.ZmCYP90D1 was constitutively expressed and showed highest expression in basal internodes,and its protein was targeted to the nucleus.A G-to-A substitution was identified to be the causal mutation,which resulted in a truncated protein in m30.Loss of function of ZmCYP90D1 changed expression of hormoneresponsive genes,in particular brassinosteroid(BR)-responsive genes which is mainly involved in cell cycle regulation and cell wall extension and modification in plants.The concentration of typhasterol(TY),a downstream intermediate of ZmCYP90D1 in the BR pathway,was reduced.A haplotype conferring dwarfing without reducing yield was identified.ZmCYP90D1 was inferred to influence plant height and stalk diameter via hormone-mediated cell division and cell growth via the BR pathway.
文摘This editorial synthesizes insights from a series of studies examining the interplay between metabolic and oxidative stress biomarkers in cardiovascular disease(CVD),focusing particularly on type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and acute coronary syndrome(ACS).The central piece of this synthesis is a study that investigates the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in the body through the analysis of serum bilirubin andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GGT)levels in T2DM patients with ACS.This study highlights serum bilirubin as a protective antioxidant factor,while elevatedγ-GGT levels indicate increased oxidative stress and correlate with major adverse cardiovascular events.Complementary to this,other research contributions revealγ-GGT’s role as a risk factor in ACS,its association with cardiovascular mortality in broader populations,and its link to metabolic syndrome,further elucidating the metabolic dysregulation in CVDs.The collective findings from these studies underscore the critical roles ofγ-GGT and serum bilirubin in cardiovascular health,especially in the context of T2DM and ACS.By providing a balanced view of the body’s oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms,these insights suggest potential pathways for targeted interventions and improved prognostic assessments in patients with T2DM and ACS.This synthesis not only corroborates the pivotal role ofγ-GGT in cardiovascular pathology but also introduces the protective potential of antioxidants like bilirubin,illuminating the complex interplay between T2DM and heart disease.These studies collectively underscore the critical roles of serum bilirubin andγ-GGT as biomarkers in cardiovascular health,particularly in T2DM and ACS contexts,offering insights into the body’s oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms.This synthesis of research supports the potential of these biomarkers in guiding therapeutic strategies and improving prognostic assessments for patients with T2DM and some CVD.
文摘BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes mellitus are more likely to experience depression,although most patients remain undiagnosed.The relation between total bilirubin and depression has been increasingly discussed,but limited studies have examined the association of total bilirubin with depression risk in adults with diabetes,which warrants attention.AIM To investigate the association between total bilirubin levels and the risk of depression in adults with diabetes.METHODS The study included adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018.Depression was determined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.Multivariable logistic regression,propensity scorematched analysis and restricted cubic spline models were utilized to investigate the association between total bilirubin levels and depression risk in adults with diabetes.RESULTS The study included 4758 adults with diabetes,of whom 602(12.7%)were diagnosed with depression.After adjusting for covariates,we found that diabetic adults with lower total bilirubin levels had a higher risk of depression(OR=1.230,95%CI:1.006-1.503,P=0.043).This association was further confirmed after propensity score matching(OR=1.303,95%CI:1.034-1.641,P=0.025).Subgroup analyses showed no significant dependence of age,body mass index,sex,race or hypertension on this association.Restricted cubic spline models displayed an inverted U-shaped association of total bilirubin levels with depression risk within the lower range of total bilirubin levels.The depression risk heightened with the increasing levels of total bilirubin,reaching the highest risk at 6.81μmol/L and decreasing thereafter.CONCLUSION In adults with diabetes,those with lower levels of total bilirubin were more likely to have depressive symptoms.Serum total bilirubin levels may be used as an additional indicator to assess depression risk in adults with diabetes.
