Optimization of Mapping Rule of Bit-Interleaved Turbo Coded Modulation with 16QAM

Optimization of mapping rule of bit-interleaved Turbo coded modulation with 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is investigated based on different impacts of various encoded bits sequence on Turbo decoding performance. Furthermore, bit-interleaved in-phase and quadrature phase (I-Q) Turbo coded modulation scheme are designed similarly with I-Q trellis coded modulation (TCM). Through performance evaluation and analysis, it can be seen that the novel mapping rule outperforms traditional one and the I-Q Turbo coded modulation can not achieve good performance as expected. Therefore, there is not obvious advantage in using I-Q method in bit-interleaved Turbo coded modulation.

Fatigue Verification of Class 1 Nuclear Power Piping According to ASME BPV Code

In this paper, fatigue verification of Class 1 nuclear power piping according to ASME Boiler ＆ Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, NB-3600, is addressed. Basic design requirements and relevant verification procedures using Design-By-Analysis are first reviewed in detail. Thereafter, a so-called simplified elastic-plastic discontinuity analysis for further verification when the basic requirements found unsatisfactory is examined and discussed. In addition, necessary computational procedures for evaluating alternating stress intensities and cumulative damage factors are studied in detail. The authors＇ emphasis is placed on alternative verification procedures, which do not violate the general design principles upon which the code is built, for further verification if unsatisfactory results are found in the simplified elastic-plastic analysis. An alternative which employs a non-linear finite element computation and a refined numerical approach for re-evaluating the cumulative damage factors is suggested. Using this alternative, unavoidable plastic strains can be correctly taken into account in a computationally affordable way, and the reliability of the verification will not be affected by uncertainties introduced in the simplified elastic-plastic analysis through the penalty factor Ke and other simplifications.

On the Legislative Concept and New Rules of the System of Marriage and Family in China's Civil Code

Twenty-four new or revised systems or rules have been incorporated in the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China for the purpose of strengthening the State's protection of marriage and family,promoting development of family civilization,and respecting the autonomy of the parties to marriage and family.Furthermore,they are designed for advancing equal marriage and family status,implementing the principle for the best interests of children,and protecting the rights and interests of the weak in marriage and family.In the Marriage and Family Section of the Civil Code,the Chapter 1“General”has got the new principle of the State protecting marriage and family,new advisory rule for promoting development of marriage and family civilization,and new principle for protecting the best interest of adoptees.Moreover,it has defined the types of relatives,close relatives and family members.In the Chapter 2“Marriage,”the lawful circumstances for prohibiting marriage and for invalidating marriage are reduced,the scheme of revoking a marriage is revised and supplemented;the obligation of telling the truth about major diseases,and the right for the innocent party to claim damages for an invalid or revoked marriage,are added.In the Chapter 3“Family Relations,”the rules of husband and wife's family agency right and its restriction,the rules of marital common debt determination,the rules of marital common property split,and the rule of litigation for the confirmation and denial of parent-child relationship,are added;in the Chapter 4“Divorce,”the pre-divorce coolingoff period and the time for dissolution of marriage relationship are added,the legal circumstances for divorce in litigation,the rules for dealing with child support during divorce,and the principle of splitting the common property of divorced couples are supplemented,the applicable conditions of divorce financial compensation and divorce financial assistance are modified,and the legal circumstances for divorce damage compensation is increased;in the Chapter 5“Adoption,”the age of adoptees and the number of adopted children are relaxed,the conditions of adopters are revised,and the adoption evaluation rules are added.

The UK Non-Frustration Rule:Should it be Replaced with a US-inspired Approach?

Recently,Arm Holdings,the most successful semiconductor and software design company in the UK,has agreed to be sold to SoftBank,a Japanese company.This takeover case,along with the case that Cadbury was acquired by Kraft in 2010,has led to questions about the openness to foreign mergers and acquisitions.[1]The non-frustration rule plays an important role in the openness of the UK’s market for corporate control.[2]Therefore,it is time to rethink about the non-frustration rule.One of the most heated questions is whether the rule should be replaced with the US-inspired approach.This article argues that the US-inspired approach will not function as well in the UK as it does in the US.After all,the UK and the US differ a lot in corporate structures and company regulations which make the background of the non-frustration rule different in two countries.

THE FORM OF REFORM： REVISITING THE CHOICE AMONG A CREED, A CODE, AND A CATALOGUE

In the past, international Evidence law reformers have focused primarily on substantive evidentiary doctrines. However, for reforms to be effective, the courts and legislatures must state the revised doctrines in a form that promotes the overall objectives of the legal system. The basic choice facing reformers is among a creed identifying broad goals, a code stating flexible principles, and a catalogue prescribing detailed rules. In the past, especially in the United States, there was a consensus among Evidence scholars that the code format is preferable. However, if a key objective of a national legal system is to encourage pretrial disposition of cases, the courts and legislatures should give serious thought to utilizing a catalogue format. That format is especially attractive in the doctrinal areas such as privilege in which evidentiary rules are intended to affect primary behavior outside the courtroom.

Chinese legislative reform for wet multimodal transportation of goods:What shall we learn from the Rotterdam Rules and what hold us back in the way of joining the Rules as a contracting state?

This article purports to shed light on some thoughts on China’s legislative reform in respect of rules pertaining to regulate the multimodal transportation involving a sea leg. While the section of multimodal transportation in the Chinese Maritime Code has not been much challenged in the legal practice, the recent Rotterdam Rules that deals with contracts of carriage of goods wholly or partly by sea certainly probes the area with new solutions. These new solutions have enlightened the debates among the scholars and practitioners over the routes for the reform of the wet multimodal transport provisions in the Code. In this article, the author attempts to assess the Rotterdam Rules solutions in connection with the characteristics of Chinese import and export trades that involve multimodal transportation as well as the relevant domestic legislation and international treaties to which China has entered into as member state that regulate transport of goods by modes other than sea. Based on the analysis, it finds out that some of the former solutions may give rise to unexpected results that hinder their adoption in the future Code : it could narrow the existing scope of application of the Chinese Maritime Code and would let the multimodal transport operators escape the mandatory regime of the Code.And if provision like the Art.26 of the Rotterdam Rules is adopted in the Code, a great market difference might be created as between the fragmented transportation under various contracts and the multimodal transportation under a single contract. However,certain rules are positive so that can be adopted in the future Code: the hypothetical contract approach adopted in the Art. 26 of the Rotterdam, Rules and the gap-filling approach adopted in the Arts. 26 and 82 of the Rules may provide better certainties in respect of issues such as time for suit, liability for delay, transport documents.Moreover, Chinese legislators may consider to extend the multimodal liability regime to the independent contractors or subcontractors of the MTOs that are involved in maritime carriage and related operations.

Eurocode8、CECS 160:2004与GB50011—2010中考虑土-结构相互作用效应的比较

我国新版《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB 50011—2010)于2010年12月1日起正式实施;从考虑土-结构相互作用效应方面,我国抗震规范与欧洲抗震设计规范(Eurocode8)2004版和我国建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(CECS 160:2004)进行了比较,旨在为从事工程抗震的设计和研究人员提供一定参考和借鉴。

Recognition of vertical vowel graphemes of Korean characters based on combination of vowel graphemes

Korean characters consist of 2 dimensional distributed consonantal and vowel graphemes. The purpose of reducing the 2 dimensional characteristics of Korean characters to linear arrangements at early stage of character recognition is to decrease the complexity of following recognition task. By defining the identification codes for the vowel graphemes of Korean characters, the rules for combination of vowel graphemes are established, and a recognition algorithm based on the rules for combination of vowel graphemes, is therefore proposed for vertical vowel graphemes. The algorithm has been proved feasilbe through demonstrating simulations.

STRONG CODING THEOREM AND ASYMPTOTIC ERROR EXPONENT OF ARBITRARILY VARYING SOURCE

Csiszar's strong coding theorem for discrete memoryless scarce is generalized to arbitrarily varying source.We also determine the asymptotic error exponent for arbitrarily wrying source.

“避风港”规则的实践困境与完善路径

“避风港”规则是判定网络侵权责任的重要规则之一,在互联网发展早期较好地平衡了权利保护与产业发展的关系。但随着新技术新业态的快速发展,“避风港”规则在新技术环境下面临着一系列实践困境:网络内容分享平台驶入“避风港”的条件不明确,对特定侵权内容的通知处置难以遏制重复侵权,公法审查义务可能会架空“避风港”规则的适用。摆脱这些困境,就应该在《民法典》解释论框架下,合理划定新技术环境下平台应尽的注意义务,适当扩展解释“必要措施”以遏制重复侵权,澄清私法注意义务与公法审查义务的关系。

基于多维关联规则的车辆故障码解耦方法研究

本文提出一种针对车辆复杂耦合故障的故障码(DTC)解耦方法。首先由车辆故障自诊断原理及故障信号传播过程分析故障码的复杂关联性,结合关联规则技术挖掘故障码间强关联关系,并定义故障码多维关联规则;其次由故障码数据集特征,改进适用于故障码多维关联规则挖掘的FP-Growth算法;最后由多维关联规则构建故障码关联知识图谱,结合图论实现复杂故障码解耦。结果表明,该方法能有效降低故障码的数量及复杂度,提升基于故障码检修故障的效率。

教育法典中数字教育规范图景及其实现

新时代,教育立法的核心任务是提升立法品质、实现良法善治,随着教育法典编纂工作被列入立法计划,教育法法典化研究受到广泛关注。面临数字社会快速发展新形态,数字教育新问题日益凸显,数字技术的应用为传统的教育模式带来一系列新挑战,现阶段的数字教育法律体系难以满足数字教育治理的迫切需求,数字背景下的高质量教育立法显得至关重要。将数字教育规范深度融入教育法典之中,应当成为法典编纂设想的题中应有之义。在编纂教育法典的系统性工程中,遵循数字教育规范进路,以数字教育法律原则、数字教育主体规范、数字教育行为规范和数字教育技术规范为基础,充分补充、调整和升级相关数字教育法律规范,形成以数字教育法律原则为统领的数字教育法律规范图景,为教育的高质量、可持续发展奠定坚实的制度基础。

论《民法典》信用条款的适用规则

《民法典》将信用的保护纳入人格权编。司法实践中,法院处理信用纠纷仍存在案由多样、适用主体不明、负担义务不清、赔偿范围不一等问题,理论上需要进一步从《民法典》信用条款出发,阐释信用的核心内涵、法律特性、权益属性以及保护方式等,并进一步细化《民法典》信用条款的适用规则,包括区分侵害信用的名誉侵权行为和信息侵权行为,明确信用信息条款的适用主体仅限于自然人,对于敏感性个人信用信息的处理者课加处理时的“特定目的+单独同意”义务,侵害信用的赔偿范围限于直接经济损失、精神损害赔偿等。

《海牙规则》之回顾与启示

《海牙规则》是船货双方利益妥协的产物,以统一提单若干法律规则为宗旨,具有调整内容的限定性、法律规范的强制性和规则内容的明确性之特点,其实施至少在20世纪60年代基本实现了海上货物运输法律国际化,且对当前这一领域的国际化仍然发挥着基础性作用。《汉堡规则》和《鹿特丹规则》采用的承运人责任规则超出海上贸易实际需求,以及在上述特点方面存在不足,是其未能发挥实现海上货物运输法律国际化作用的主要原因。在正确认识海上货物运输条约与国内法的关系、立法的共性和差异基础上,中国在对参加《鹿特丹规则》持谨慎态度的同时,应当在《海商法》修改时积极借鉴或吸收该规则中合理和成熟的内容,优化《海商法》第四章采用的“混合制度”。

变电站隔离开关操作产生的电磁暂态特征量研究

变电站隔离开关操作产生的电磁骚扰是电力系统二次设备防护的重要内容。基于真型实验场开展了一系列实验,在AIS和GIS内进行了一系列不同电压等级不同容性负载的隔离开关分合闸重复实验。由于隔离开关操作持续时间长,采样率高,采集得到的实测数据十分庞大,为了方便处理实测数据,设计了一种自动计算的模型既能实现隔离开关全过程多次放电脉冲群的特征量提取,也能实现单次击穿波形的分离和计算。计算结果显示AIS隔离开关操作产生的电磁骚扰主频在300~600 kHz,有些文献中测量结果高达几MHz,GIS产生的电磁骚扰在17~20 MHz。暂态电流及其耦合的电磁骚扰主频仅受变电站结构和参数影响,相同实验条件下GIS产生的地电波比AIS幅值更高主频更大振荡更强烈。该实验结果为电力系统开展针对二次设备的电磁防护试验提供了量化参数。

基于《中华医典》文献挖掘中医治疗积聚的用药规律研究

目的:探讨《中华医典》中治疗积聚方剂的用药特点及其规律。方法:检索《中华医典》治疗积聚的方剂,按照纳入和排除标准筛选治疗积聚的方剂,建立Excel数据库,进行用药频次、性味、归经分析。并使用R语言arules包及arulesViz包对筛选处方中的药物进行关联规则分析及可视化,使用IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0对药物进行复杂网络分析,采用SPSS Statistics 26.0对聚类方剂进行分析。结果:筛选后共纳入方剂426首,包含中药303种,总用药频次4075次;四气9种,总频次3214次;五味8种,总频次5490次;十二经总频次11936次。治疗积聚应用频次较高的药物前3位为木香、肉桂、当归;关联性药对以三棱、木香出现频次最高。复杂网络分析,木香-肉桂、木香-三棱之间的关联性较强。聚类图谱显示,皮尔逊相关性为20时,高频药物可聚为5类。结论:历代医家在积聚治疗时,所用药物药性以温性为主,药味以辛味和苦味为主,归经侧重于脾胃经,功效以理气药、温里药、补益药为主。通过对《中华医典》中治疗积聚的用药规律研究,为临床实践中药治疗积聚相关疾病提供参考。

面向异构处理平台任务调度的麻雀优化算法

针对当前异构信号处理平台中各处理器任务数量分配不均衡、处理器性能发挥不完全以及系统运行效率低的问题,文中提出一种面向异构处理平台的麻雀优化算法。该算法利用了麻雀算法较强的全局寻优能力和麻雀种群内部的高效工作机制。在经典麻雀算法基础上,文中提出了符合任务调度的二进制异或编解码规则,将离散的任务分配方案映射为连续的麻雀位置信息。将处理器负载均衡指数作为适应度函数,选取每次迭代中的最优解;在麻雀遍历任务时,采用任务优先级分流排序策略。对通信密集型任务和计算密集型任务采取不同的计算式得到更符合任务特点的遍历顺序,生成随机任务图,并将所提算法同ICPA(Improved Critical Path Algortthm)算法进行对比。仿真结果表明,相比于ICPA算法,所提算法的负载均衡指数平均优化率为60%,各处理器负载情况更加均衡,能更好地发挥异构处理平台的整体效能。

基于数据挖掘探析《中华医典》中针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的选穴特点

目的:运用数据挖掘技术探析中医古籍文献中针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的穴位选用特点。方法:收集《中华医典》中历代针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的腧穴条目,并根据纳排标准将腧穴录入数据库,建立古代文献数据库,对其归经、所在部位及特定穴进行梳理,分析选穴特点,运用IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0、IBM SPSS Modeler18.0及Cytoscape3.9.1软件对所得腧穴条目进行聚类分析及关联规则分析,并绘制复杂网络图;运用中医传承辅助平台V2.5软件对所得腧穴条目进行熵层次聚类算法,得出新腧穴处方。结果:共获得针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的相关条目127条,涉及中医古籍25部,共包含80个腧穴、使用总频次为297次。其中《普济方·针灸》中相关条目最多,对针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的指导意义最大;使用频次前5位的腧穴为风府、风池、承浆、天柱与昆仑;应用最多的腧穴归经以足太阳膀胱经和督脉为主,且所在部位以头面颈项部和手足部为主,特定穴使用频次最高的是交会穴和五腧穴;关联规则显示支持度最高的穴组为“风府穴-风池穴”,核心穴组处方为“风府-风池-承浆-天柱-哑门-完骨”;使用树状图进行聚类分析共出现6个有效腧穴聚类群;并基于复杂系统熵聚类算法得出两个新腧穴处方。结论:本研究利用数据挖掘技术对古籍中针灸治疗痉挛性斜颈的相关条目进行梳理分析,分析其选穴配伍特点,可得出针灸治疗病症内容丰富,重视将不同经络腧穴配伍应用,以局部取穴与远端取穴配伍为主,重视特定穴的使用,对现代临床应用具有一定的指导意义。

无资料地区闸站调度下江湖水量交互规律研究

为解决无资料地区通江湖泊水量交互规律,以涨渡湖为例,将江湖水量交互原理同遥感解译理论相耦合,提出一种无资料地区闸站调度下江湖水量交互规律研究方法,基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台分析湖泊面积变化,结合同期降水、蒸发和湖泊特性,计算江湖交互水量。结果表明,湖泊多年月平均面积总体变化趋势一致,呈规律性变化,2~6月呈下降趋势,7~11月呈上升趋势,变化范围在40~47 km^(2)之间;每年2~6、11~12月湖水入江,7~10月、12月~次年1月江水倒灌入湖。结果可为其他无资料地区闸站调度下江湖水量交互规律研究提供参考。

“保障生态安全”的环境立法表达——以流域生态安全为中心展开

相较于一般意义的生态环境保护与治理,“保障生态安全”因更加突出的底线控制思维与短板效应视角而兼具理论价值与实践意义。缘于生态安全尚存概念不清、定位不明的学理困境,“保障生态安全”虽在环境立法中提出,但未能具体且充分展开。实现“保障生态安全”在环境立法的表达完善应首先明晰生态安全的现有表达分异,并对其内涵与定位作出明确。鉴于生态安全必须从区域尺度衡量的基本特性,以及现有环境法律体系由基本法和大量以生态空间与要素为类型的单行法构成的基本情况,选取流域这一重要且典型的自然生态区域作为主要分析对象,阐明保障流域生态安全内容的具体构成,并分析保障流域生态安全在环境立法中的应然与实然。流域生态安全立法的完善理论上应当达至层级与要素的多维度关照、价值明确与内容充实的全面化展开,反观当前立法现状,相关立法关涉流域生态安全保障的规范则处于空白与重叠并存、模糊与整体关照不足的实然境地。生态环境法典编纂是推进生态环境法律体系化的重要方式,实现“保障生态安全”在环境立法中的良好表达可以生态环境法典编纂为契机。应首先明确生态安全整体性融入生态环境法律体系的路径选择,即不制定综合性较强的生态安全法,而是以“理念指引-原则遵循-制度实施”体系贯彻,在以“纂”为主的总则编中规定“保障生态安全”的立法目的、基本原则与基本制度,在以“编”为主的分编中体系化贯彻具体制度的构建,以最终形成整体上生态安全价值理念的立法彰显。