基于Bio-PEPA的光纤网络安全态势动态计算系统

光纤网络安全态势动态计算时,以往使用的系统在状态激增的情况下,极易受到攻击破坏,系统的脆弱性比较高。为此,提出基于Bio-PEPA的光纤网络安全态势动态计算系统。在硬件设计上,采用以传感器为主,分析器与决策器为辅的连接结构,针对态势数据源的不同,设计多源传感器,通过传感器将态势数据传输到上层应用;在软件设计上,利用Bio-PEPA建立光纤网络形式化模型,根据上传的态势事件性质的不同,确定并量化态势指标,结合模型中的观测值,实现光纤网络安全态势动态计算。至此,系统设计完成。测试结果表明:设计系统在状态激增的情况下,稳态概率值变化范围在0.05~0.5之间,并且动态计算时间组件数量为9 000时仅需要2.663 s。说明所提方法对于光纤网络安全态势动态计算的研究有一定的参考价值。

Simulation of a ground-layer adaptive optics system for the Kunlun Dark Universe Survey Telescope

Ground Layer Adaptive Optics （GLAO） is a recently developed technique extensively applied to ground-based telescopes, which mainly compensates for the wavefront errors induced by ground-layer turbulence to get an appropriate point spread function in a wide field of view. The compensation results mainly depend on the turbu-lence distribution. The atmospheric turbulence at Dome A in the Antarctic is mainly distributed below 15 meters, which is an ideal site for applications of GLAO. The GLAO system has been simulated for the Kunlun Dark Universe Survey Telescope, which will be set up at Dome A, and uses a rotating mirror to generate several laser guide stars and a wavefront sensor with a wide field of view to sequentially measure the wavefronts from different laser guide stars. The system is simulated on a computer and parameters of the system are given, which provide detailed information about the design of a practical GLAO system.

A 1kHz Fe:ZnSe Laser Gain-Switched by a ZnGeP2 Optical Parametric Oscillator at 77 K

We demonstrate a Fe:ZnSe laser gain-switched by a 2.9 m ZnGeP2 optical parametric oscillator under pulse repetition frequency of 1 kHz at liquid nitrogen temperature of 77 K. The maximum output power is 63 m W with pulse duration of 34.4 ns. The wavelength covers 3686.6–4088.6 nm and centers at 3897.7 nm. The output power decreases with increasing the temperature of the crystal in 77–222 K.

All-optical switching and nonlinear optical properties of HBT in ethanol solution

This paper demonstrates an all-optical switching model system comprising a single pulsed pump beam at 355 nm and a CW He-Ne signal beam at 632.8 nm with 2-（2＇-hydroxyphenyl）benzothiazole （HBT） in ethanol solution. The origins of the optical switching effect were discussed. By the study of nonlinear optical properties for HBT in ethanol solvent, this paper verified that the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer （ESIPT） effect of HBT and the thermal effect of solvent worked on quite different time scales and together induced the change of the refractive index of HBT solution, leading to the signal beam deflection. The results indicated that the HBT molecule could be an excellent candidate for high-speed and high-sensitive optical switching devices.

Low noise,continuous-wave single-frequency 1.5-μm laser generated by a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator

We report a low noise continuous-wave （CW） single-frequency 1.5-μm laser source obtained by a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator （SRO） based on periodically poled lithium niobate （PPLN）. The SRO was pumped by a CW single-frequency Nd：YVO4 laser at 1.06μm. The 1.02 W of CW single-frequency signal laser at 1.5 μm was obtained at pump power of 6 W. At the output power of around 0.75 W, the power stability was better than ±l.5% and no mode-hopping was observed in 30 min and frequency stability was better than 8.5 MHz in 1 min. The signal wavelength could be tuned from 1.57 to 1.59 μm by varying the PPLN temperature. The 1.5-μm laser exhibits low noise characteristics, the intensity noise of the laser reaches the shot noise limit （SNL） at an analysis frequency of 4 MHz and the phase noise is less than 1 dB above the SNL at analysis frequencies above 10 MHz.

A Tilt-correction Adaptive Optical System for the Solar Telescope of Nanjing University

A tilt-correction adaptive optical system installed on the 430 mm Solar Telescope of Nanjing University has been put in operation. It consists of a tip-tilt mirror, a correlation tracker and an imaging CCD camera. An absolute difference algorithm is used for detecting image motion in the correlation tracker. The sampling frequency of the system is 419 Hz. We give a description of the system's configuration, an analysis of its performance and a report of our observational results. A residual jitter of 0.14 arcsec has been achieved. The error rejection bandwidth of the system can be adjusted in the range 5-28 Hz according to the beacon size and the strength of atmospheric turbulence.

Fiber lenses for ultra-small probes used in optical coherent tomography

We present a design, construction and characterization of different variations of GRIN and ball fiber lenses, which were recently proposed for ultra-small biomedical imaging probes. Those fiber lens modules are made of a single mode fiber and a GRIN or ball fiber lens with or without a fiber spacer between them. The lens diameters are smaller than 0.3 mm. We discuss design methods, fabrication techniques, and measuring performance of the fiber lenses. The experimental results are compared to their modeling results. The fabrication of a high quality beam director for both lens types is presented as well. These fiber integrated beam directors could be added on the tips of the fiber lenses for side-view probes. A needle probe made by these fiber lenses is demonstrated as a sample of the ultra-small probe for biomedical imaging application. In vivo human finger images acquired by a swept source optical coherence tomography using the fiber lenses with different beam profiles were shown, which indicates the important impact of

Treatment of Dyes Wastewater by a New Kind of Bio - Fluid Bed

A new kind of bio-fluid bed used to treat dyes wastewater is described in detail due to its several special features,such as high removal efficiency,simple struc-ture,shock load resistance,etc.By means of analyzing the experiment data,the results show that the dye wastewater’s organic matter is removed greatly after be-ing treated by this new kind of bio-fluid bed.On the other hand,the removal efficiency of chromaticity of

Crystal Growth, Thermal, Mechanical and Optical Properties of a New Organic Nonlinear Optical Material: Ethyl P-Dimethylamino Benzoate (EDMAB)

An organic material, namely, ethyl p-dimethylamino benzoate was crystallized for the first time by solution growth technique using pure and mixed solvents. Growth kinetics and morphology changes with solvents were investigated based on solute –solvent interactions of pure and mixed solvents. An appropriate mixed solvent for high quality crystals with well-defined morphology is reported. The absence of solvent molecules and the presence of various functional groups of the grown sample were qualitatively confirmed by FTIR spectroscopic studies. Thermal properties of the grown sample were analyzed by TG and DTA analysis. Mechanical properties of the EDMAB crystal were investigated by micro hardness studies. Moreover, the grown crystal shows high transparency in the visible and near IR regions. The material shows relatively high SHG efficiency than that of KDP.

New Pyrometer with Double Y-type Optical Fibers

Abstract: A new pyrometer, which can solve the affection of emissivity change in temperature measuring, has been developed by double Y - type optical fibers. The mathematical model of the new pyrometer is presented and the errors of the new pyrometer are analyzed.

A NEW OPTICALLY ACTIVE POLYURETHANE DERIVED FROM CHIRAL(2R,3R)(+)-DIETHYL L-TARTRATE AND DIISOCYANATE

Optically active polyurethane was synthesized by the polyaddition of (2R, 3R)-(+)-diethyl L-tartrate (DET), 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) with various molecular weights at 60 degrees C in DMSO. The polymers were characterized by specific rotation, DSC and H-1 NMR spectra.

Optical and near-infrared photometric study of NGC 6724

BVRI CCD photometry of the poorly studied open cluster NGC 6724 has been carried out down to a limiting magnitude of V-20 mag. The stars of the cluster have been observed using the Newtonian focus （f/4.84） of the 74-inch telescope at Kottamia Astronomical Observatory in Egypt. Also, the 2MASS - JHK system is used to confirm the results we obtained. The main photometric parameters have been estimated for the present object; the diameter is found to be 6 arcmin, the distance is 15304-60pc from the Sun and the age is 900＋50Myr. The optical reddening E（B - V） = 0.65 mag, while the infrared reddening is E（J - H） = 0.20 mag. The slope of the mass function distribution and the relaxation time estimations indicate that cluster NGC 6724 is dynamically relaxed.

Nonlinear Optical Properties and Optical Limiting Measurements of {(1Z)-[4-(Dimethylamino)Phenyl]Methylene} 4-Nitrobenzocarboxy Hydrazone Monohydrate under CW Laser Regime

We report results from the investigation of the nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficient of {(1Z)-[4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]methylene} 4-nitrobenzocarboxy hydrazone mono-hydrate (DMPM4NBCHM) solution using Z-scan technique with a continuous wave (CW) Argon ion laser. The results show that this type of organic material has a large nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refractive index at 488 nm and 514 nm. The origin of the nonlinear effects was discussed. We demonstrate that the light induced nonlinear refractive index variation, leads to limiting effect. The results indicated that DMPM4NBCHM could be promising candidates for application on nonlinear photonic devices and optical limiters.

An Optical Model for the Remote-Sensing of Absorption Coefficients of Phytoplankton in Oceanic/Coastal Waters

A new model for the remote sensing of absorption coefficients of phytoplankton aph (λ) in oceanic and coastal waters is developed and tested with SeaWiFS and MODIS-Aqua data. The model is derived from a rela-tionship of the remote sensing reflectance ratio Rrs (670)/Rrs (490) and aph (490) and aph (670) (from large in-situ data sets). When compared with over 470 independent in-situ data sets, the model provides accurate retrievals of the aph (λ) across the visible spectrum, with mean relative error less than 8%, slope close to unity and R2 greater than 0.8. Further comparison of the SeaWiFS-derived aph (λ) with in-situ aph (λ) values gives similar and consistent results. The model when used for analysis of MODIS-Aqua imagery, provides more realistic values of the phytoplankton absorption coefficients capturing spatial structures of the massive algal blooms in surface waters of the Arabian Sea. These results demonstrate that the new algorithm works well for both the coastal and open ocean waters observed and suggest a potential of using remote sensing to provide knowledge on the shape of phytoplankton absorption spectra that are a requirement in many inverse models to estimate phytoplankton pigment concentrations and for input into bio-optical models that predict carbon fixation rates for the global ocean.

气溶胶微生物粒子本征荧光计数仪器设计

针对气溶胶微生物粒子实时监测的需求,对基于微生物粒子本征荧光和光散射检测方法和装置进行了研究。分析了粒子光散射检测的基本原理,对微生物粒子荧光活性分子以及金黄色葡萄球菌等6种微生物进行了荧光光谱的测试和分析,确定了405nm激发光和双路散射光的整体设计方案。通过对气路和检测腔结构的重要参数仿真,实现了其优化设计,最后,完成了检测装置的构建。初步测试结果表明:该装置实现了对粒子散射光和荧光的同步探测,可以对普通尘埃粒子和微生物粒子进行区分和计数,为进一步开展气溶胶微生物粒子浓度的实时监测仪器研发奠定了基础。

多芯光纤荧光定量检测耦合系统设计

为提高多芯光纤荧光检测灵敏度,本文基于多芯光纤的空间传导理论模型,分析了多芯光纤的数量、激发光纤纤芯半径、接收光纤纤芯半径以及它们的数值孔径等对多芯光纤耦合效率的影响。针对提高耦合效率,设计和优化了耦合系统中非球面透镜的曲率半径和各面间距,基于分析设计优化的参数构建多芯光纤荧光定量检测系统,并对不同浓度梯度的罗丹明6G溶液进行定量测试,与多芯直接耦合对比,文章设计的多芯光纤耦合系统其激发光和发射光耦合效率由低于10%,提升了80.171%和95.314%,最低检测浓度低至2.08759551×10^(-9)nM/L,此浓度下荧光光强值较直接耦合提升了4.5倍。进一步验证了多芯光纤耦合系统射的可行性。说明通过增加光学耦合系统能有效提高光纤式荧光定量检测灵敏度及能够满足应用需求。

黄东海海区春季半经验分析生物-光学算法研究

基于2003年4月黄东海试验获取的现场实测的水体表观光学参数和固有光学参数数据,对生物-光学半经验分析算法进行了研究。根据算法的基本原理开发了黄色物质吸收系数光谱模型等一系列经验模型,利用多元非线性最小二乘法求解、反演叶绿素a浓度,并对模型进行检验。结果表明,模型的反演值与实测值的一致性较好。

掺锶的偏硼酸钡(Sr_xBa_(1-x)B_2O_4)大块单晶的生长和表征

Barium metaborate (BaB 2O 4) exists in two forms the high temperature for m α phase and the low temperature form β phase,with the phase transition poi nt at around 925℃.The low temperature phase (β BBO) is an excellent NLO cryst al for UV region,while the high temperature one (α BBO) is known as a good bir efringent material.α BBO crystal possesses better transparency in the ultravio let region compared with commonly used YVO 4 and CaCO 3 crystals.However,due t o phase transition problem,it is difficult to grow single α BBO crystals by D CZ method,which restricts its wider application.α BBO crystal usually cracks upon cooling resulted from phase transition to β phase.Therefore,it is difficult to grow β BBO single crystals directly from pure BaB 2O 4 mel t;however,to grow single crystals of α BBO is not easy,either. Our recent experiments showed that one could avoid cracking of α BBO cryst als by Sr 2+ doping.This minute amount of Sr 2+ plays the role of structure stabilizer,which inhibits structural reconstruction. In this way,Sr 2+ d op ed BBO single crystals do not subject to phase transition from 925℃ down to roo m temperature. We have mow successfully grown out α BBO single crystals 30mm in diameter by D CZ method from Sr x Ba 1- x BO 4 melt with Sr concentration 0.3 0 .5%.The ratation rate is 10 15r/min,pulling speed is 1 2mm/h.Preliminary tests revealed that its structure and physic chemical properties were almost identic al to those grown from pure melts.These Sr 2+ doped α BBO crystals are no w being widely used in optical isolators.

热带西太平洋海区生物-光学变异性

在海上测量期间，观测到几次浮游植物大量繁殖过程，每次分别持续8—18d，叶绿素含量分别升高约3—10倍。由于浮游植物大量繁殖，光束衰减系数随叶绿素a含量升高而增大。谱分析的结果表明，光束衰减系数与叶绿素a含量的时间序列有较好的相干性，其相干系数在0．6—1．0之间。在此基础上，讨论了生物-光学变异性与海洋物理过程的关系。结果表明，混合层深度及水温等物理参数的变化是导致生物-光学特性在数十天时域尺度上变化的重要因素。