Biofilms grown inside two sewage collecting pipes located in industrial and residential areas are studied. Bacterial biomass inside three layers of biofilms was evaluated. Biofilm cohesion under different mixing rate ...Biofilms grown inside two sewage collecting pipes located in industrial and residential areas are studied. Bacterial biomass inside three layers of biofilms was evaluated. Biofilm cohesion under different mixing rate and ionic strength was also investigated. Effects of physical and chemical parameters in the biofilms were evaluated by monitoring turbidity, chemical and biochemical oxygen demands. Extracted organic matter from biofilms was partitioned to polar, aromatic and saturated fractions using activated silica column chromatography. Results revealed that bacterial biomass growth depending on biofilm thickness and stratification. The most loaded stratum in bacteria/biomass was the sewage-biofilm interface stratum that represented 51% of the total bacteria/biomass. Stirring rate and ionic strength of mono- and bivalent salts showed a major influence in biofilm disruption. The stirring time enhanced the exchange dynamic and matter capture between biofilm fragments at the critical stirring rate 90 r/min. Sodium chloride showed the dispersing effect on biofilms in suspension, and decreased the BOD5 （biochemical oxygen demand） beyond the physiological salt concentration.展开更多
基金supported by the CEDRE (Cooperation for Evaluation and Developpement of Research) Program (No. 06EF29/L43).
文摘Biofilms grown inside two sewage collecting pipes located in industrial and residential areas are studied. Bacterial biomass inside three layers of biofilms was evaluated. Biofilm cohesion under different mixing rate and ionic strength was also investigated. Effects of physical and chemical parameters in the biofilms were evaluated by monitoring turbidity, chemical and biochemical oxygen demands. Extracted organic matter from biofilms was partitioned to polar, aromatic and saturated fractions using activated silica column chromatography. Results revealed that bacterial biomass growth depending on biofilm thickness and stratification. The most loaded stratum in bacteria/biomass was the sewage-biofilm interface stratum that represented 51% of the total bacteria/biomass. Stirring rate and ionic strength of mono- and bivalent salts showed a major influence in biofilm disruption. The stirring time enhanced the exchange dynamic and matter capture between biofilm fragments at the critical stirring rate 90 r/min. Sodium chloride showed the dispersing effect on biofilms in suspension, and decreased the BOD5 （biochemical oxygen demand） beyond the physiological salt concentration.
文摘针对污水处理复杂系统中关键水质参数生化需氧量(biochemical oxygen demand,BOD)难以准确实时预测的问题,在分析污水处理过程相关影响因素的基础上,提出一种基于敏感度分析法的自组织随机权神经网络(selforganizing neural network with random weights,SONNRW)软测量方法.该方法首先通过机理分析选取原始辅助变量,经过数据预处理,之后采用主元分析法对辅助变量进行精选,作为SONNRW的输入变量进行污水处理关键水质参数BOD的预测.SONNRW算法利用隐含层节点输出及其权值向量计算该隐含层节点对于残差的敏感度,根据敏感度大小对网络隐含层节点进行排序,删除敏感度较低的隐含层节点即冗余点.仿真结果表明:该软测量方法对水质参数BOD的预测精度高、实时性好、模型结构稳定,能够用于污水水质的在线预测.
