沼肥与生态农业

农药和化肥的大量使用,加剧了环境污染,导致地力下降,已经成为影响农业持续发展的一个重大问题。因此,探索无公害的农业生产方式,大力推广生态农业是我国农业发展的主要方向。用沼肥代替部分化肥和农药,将会改善生态环境,提高农产品质量,为发展生态农业奠定基础。

卵磷脂-水有序结构对CaCO_3晶型的影响

Influence of the concentration of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in the solution of 0.5mol.L-1 CaCl2 on the crystal structure of CaCO3 has been studied by means of X-ray diffeaction method.When the concentration of PC is below its CMC, the calcite CaCO3 is formed. It advantageous that CaCl2 reacts with Na2CO3 so as to form vaterite CaCO3 in the lipesome composed of PC more than in the water. The arnount of vaterite CaCO3 formed is increased with increase of con-centration of PC. But if the concentration of PC is so increased as to form liquid crystal, then the amount of vaterite decreases obviously. The reason for the difference of crystal type formed has been discussed in the paper.

沼液生产浓缩复合液肥生产技术及设备的研究

沼液的科学施用能提高土壤中有机质和营养元素的含量,改善土壤结构,提高土壤肥力。为此,常温下沼液经过螺旋滚筒式沼液沼渣精密分离装置过滤分离出植物纤维、砂粒、悬浮物等大颗粒物质,过滤液由输送泵输送至沼液机械过滤装置和多介质过滤装置以及精密过滤装置滤除泥沙、藻类及农药残留物等大分子物质后,再经过沼液错流超滤装置进一步精密过滤和分离;未透过液进入浓缩液储罐,透过液进入浓缩装置继续进行浓缩分离,分离出的浓缩液进入浓缩液储罐后输送至配液罐进行液肥的配制;液肥再经过在线灭菌装置消毒后进行包装,作为农作物及花卉等植物液肥使用。经过处理的沼液,减少了农业生态环境,并创造了显著的经济效益和社会效益。