Nowadays,biohazard events caused by laboratory pathogen leaks and infectious disease transmission have become an increasingly important threat to human safety.The principal form of transmission of pathogenic microorga...Nowadays,biohazard events caused by laboratory pathogen leaks and infectious disease transmission have become an increasingly important threat to human safety.The principal form of transmission of pathogenic microorganisms is via aerosols,which could spread over a wide area within a short time.The system of biological aerosol recognition mainly involves early warning,field detection,as well as sampling and laboratory testing.Early warning about biological aerosols is essential for establishing a timely response.Once the presence of a biological aerosol is suspected,field detection is immediately performed to confirm the occurrence of the aerosol.Then,the aerosol is sampled using air sampling devices for laboratory identification of the microbial type.This review specifically intends to introduce the technologies and equipment for biological aerosol early warning and field detection based on laser-induced fluorescence(LIF).展开更多
To understand the aerosol characteristics in a regional background environment,fine-particle(PM_(2.5),n=228)samples were collected over a one-year period at the Shangdianzi(SDZ)station,which is a Global Atmospheric Wa...To understand the aerosol characteristics in a regional background environment,fine-particle(PM_(2.5),n=228)samples were collected over a one-year period at the Shangdianzi(SDZ)station,which is a Global Atmospheric Watch regional background station in North China.The chemical and optical characteristics of PM_(2.5)were analyzed,including organic carbon,elemental carbon,water-soluble organic carbon,water-soluble inorganic ions,and fluorescent components of watersoluble organic matter.The source factors of major aerosol components are apportioned,and the sources of the fluorescent chromophores are further analyzed.The major chemical components of PM_(2.5)at SDZ were NO_(3)^(-),organic matter,SO_(4)^(2-),and NH_(4)^(+).Annually,water-soluble organic carbon contributed 48%±15%to the total organic carbon.Secondary formation(52%)and fossil fuel combustion(63%)are the largest sources of water-soluble organic matter and water-insoluble organic matter,respectively.In addition,three humic-like and one protein-like matter were identified via parallel factor analysis for excitation–emission matrices.The fluorescence intensities of the components were highest in winter and lowest in summer,indicating the main impact of burning sources.This study contributes to understanding the chemical and optical characteristics of ambient aerosols in the background atmosphere.展开更多
文摘Nowadays,biohazard events caused by laboratory pathogen leaks and infectious disease transmission have become an increasingly important threat to human safety.The principal form of transmission of pathogenic microorganisms is via aerosols,which could spread over a wide area within a short time.The system of biological aerosol recognition mainly involves early warning,field detection,as well as sampling and laboratory testing.Early warning about biological aerosols is essential for establishing a timely response.Once the presence of a biological aerosol is suspected,field detection is immediately performed to confirm the occurrence of the aerosol.Then,the aerosol is sampled using air sampling devices for laboratory identification of the microbial type.This review specifically intends to introduce the technologies and equipment for biological aerosol early warning and field detection based on laser-induced fluorescence(LIF).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42130513 and 41625014)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0606801)。
文摘To understand the aerosol characteristics in a regional background environment,fine-particle(PM_(2.5),n=228)samples were collected over a one-year period at the Shangdianzi(SDZ)station,which is a Global Atmospheric Watch regional background station in North China.The chemical and optical characteristics of PM_(2.5)were analyzed,including organic carbon,elemental carbon,water-soluble organic carbon,water-soluble inorganic ions,and fluorescent components of watersoluble organic matter.The source factors of major aerosol components are apportioned,and the sources of the fluorescent chromophores are further analyzed.The major chemical components of PM_(2.5)at SDZ were NO_(3)^(-),organic matter,SO_(4)^(2-),and NH_(4)^(+).Annually,water-soluble organic carbon contributed 48%±15%to the total organic carbon.Secondary formation(52%)and fossil fuel combustion(63%)are the largest sources of water-soluble organic matter and water-insoluble organic matter,respectively.In addition,three humic-like and one protein-like matter were identified via parallel factor analysis for excitation–emission matrices.The fluorescence intensities of the components were highest in winter and lowest in summer,indicating the main impact of burning sources.This study contributes to understanding the chemical and optical characteristics of ambient aerosols in the background atmosphere.
