Progeny studies of Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata were carried with respect to bioproductivity,pod and seed characters which is one of the selection methods in tree improvement programmes. Variations in bioprodu...Progeny studies of Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata were carried with respect to bioproductivity,pod and seed characters which is one of the selection methods in tree improvement programmes. Variations in bioproductivity and biodiesel parameters of both the plants were compared every 6 months for 4 years of investigation and analyzed by analysis of variance and correlation coefficient by Pearson＇s method using software Graphpad instat 3.06（for Windows and Mac）. P. pinnata has better germination rate（71.4 %）, 100 pod weight（PW）（311.59 g） and 100 seed weight（SW）（173.46 g） as compared to J. curcas for germination rate（43.2 %）, 100 PW（111.29 g） and 100 SW（67.46 g）. P. pinnata has strong correlation for plant height to canopy growth（CG）（0.948）, collar diameter（CD）（0.994）, number of branches per plant（NBP）（0.995） and to number of leaves per branch（NLB）（0.862） as compared to J.curcas which showed good correlation among plant height to CG（0.976）, CD（0.970）, NBP（0.988）, NLB（0.920） and to number of pods per branch（0.657）. However, J. curcas depicted negative correlation for pod breadth to seed length（SL）（-0.447）, seed breadth（-0.248） and to seed thickness（ST）（-0.364） and among the 100 PW to SL（-0.199）, ST（-0.220） and to 100 SW（-0.704）. About 4 kg of P. pinnata seeds were required for each liter of crude oil which yields896 ml of biodiesel on transesterification as compared to5.66 kg of J. curcas seeds for a liter of crude oil, producing about 663 ml of biodiesel. The quality of biodiesel meets the major specification of American Society for Testing and Materials（ASTM） standards for biodiesel. The crude glycerin and seed cake obtained as byproduct during biodiesel production were also measured which can be purified and used in composting, animal feeds, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic industries.展开更多
In the present article we study the production of grape molasses. Data drawn from a specified biolaboratory, are properly analyzed in order to detect factors that affect significantly the Brix value and the volatile a...In the present article we study the production of grape molasses. Data drawn from a specified biolaboratory, are properly analyzed in order to detect factors that affect significantly the Brix value and the volatile acidity of the final product. The ground that is used for planting and a variety of grapes have been taken into account. Off-line statistical quality control techniques have been employed and the outcomes are displayed and discussed in detail.展开更多
Butyric acid as a renewable resource has become an increasingly attractive alternative to petroleum based fuels.Clostridium tyrobutyricum is well documented as a fermentation strain for the production of acids. Howeve...Butyric acid as a renewable resource has become an increasingly attractive alternative to petroleum based fuels.Clostridium tyrobutyricum is well documented as a fermentation strain for the production of acids. However, it hasbeen reported that butyrate inhibits its growth, and the accumulation of acetate also inhibits biomass synthesis,making production of butyric acid from conventional fermentation processes economically challenging. The presentstudy aimed to identify whether irradiation of C. tyrobutyricum cells makes them more tolerant to butyric acidinhibition and increases the production of butyrate compared with wild type.展开更多
D-psicose exits in an extremely small amount in nature and is difficult to be chemically synthesized.Only three bacteria have been used in the biotransformation of D-psicose from D-fructose.In this paper,another bacte...D-psicose exits in an extremely small amount in nature and is difficult to be chemically synthesized.Only three bacteria have been used in the biotransformation of D-psicose from D-fructose.In this paper,another bacterium which could convert D-fructose to D-psicose was isolated and identified as Rhodobacter sphaeroides.The process parameters of D-psicose production using permeabilized cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides SK011 were optimized,including the permeabilization procedure:0.1%(w/v)CTAB,10 min,and reaction conditions:cell concentration,30 g dry cell wt/L;concentration of substrate,50 g/L;40℃,pH 9.0;reaction time,8 h.Under the optimized conditions,the permeabilized cells produced approximately 6.5 g/L D-psicose with a Dpsicose productivity of 0.82 g·L^(-1)·h^(-1).This is the first report of bioproduction of D-psicose using permeabilized cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides.展开更多
It has now passed more than forty years since solid-state fermentation(SSF)research developments have gained importance for the scientific community.After so many years,numerous processes and equipment for SSF were st...It has now passed more than forty years since solid-state fermentation(SSF)research developments have gained importance for the scientific community.After so many years,numerous processes and equipment for SSF were studied and designed focusing on the production of different commercially relevant bioproducts such as enzymes,fermented food,such as Chinese daqu and koji,organic acids,pigments,phenolic compounds,aromas,biosorbents and so many others.However,no review paper has been focused yet specifically on agricultural and animal feed bioproducts obtained through SSF techniques.This review comprises the description of agricultural sub-products that have been employed in most important developed pro-cesses concerning the production of animal feed products and agricultural products such as spores,probiotics,biofungicides,bioinsecticides and other biopesticides,biofertilizers and plant growth hormones.Major designed SSF bioreactors are also described and the most important related cases of successful employment of the technique are reported.Finally,a summary of patents and innovations regarding SSF products and processes in this area is presented,showing that the main involved countries are China,South Korea,India and the USA.It is clear that the interest in this theme is increasing and that scientific and technological developments are still needed.展开更多
Algae are a large group of photo synthetic organisms responsible for approximately half of the earth’s total photosynthesis.In addition to their fundamental ecological roles as oxygen producers and as the food base f...Algae are a large group of photo synthetic organisms responsible for approximately half of the earth’s total photosynthesis.In addition to their fundamental ecological roles as oxygen producers and as the food base for almost all aquatic life,algae are also a rich source of bioactive natural products,including several clinical drugs.Cytochrome P450 enzymes(P450s) are a superfamily of biocatalysts that are extensively involved in natural product biosynthesis by mediating various types of reactions.In the post-genome era,a growing number of P450 genes have been discovered from algae,indicating their important roles in algal life-cycle.However,the functional studies of algal P450s remain limited.Benefitting from the recent technical advances in algae cultivation and genetic manipulation,the researches on P450s in algal natural product biosynthesis have been approaching to a new stage.Moreover,some photoauto trophic algae have been developed into "photo-bioreactors" for heterologous P450s to produce high-value added pharmaceuticals and chemicals in a carbon-neutral or carbon-negative manner.Here,we comprehensively review these advances of P450 studies in algae from 2000 to 2021.展开更多
Lignin fractionation and depolymerization generates heterogeneous streams of aromatic compounds and conversion of aromatic compounds into valuable products,but it is not efficient.Many microbes in nature have evolved ...Lignin fractionation and depolymerization generates heterogeneous streams of aromatic compounds and conversion of aromatic compounds into valuable products,but it is not efficient.Many microbes in nature have evolved metabolic path-ways to convert complex lignin polymers into aromatic compounds and transform these aromatic compounds into central intermediates for bioproduct synthesis.The objective of this paper is to review the recent process development of lignin bioconversion into aromatic compounds and bioproducts.Lignin structural and molecular changes during fractionation and depolymerization are presented.Subsequent lignin conversion into aromatic compounds by upper pathways and further converted into central metabolites and bioproducts via lower pathways are emphasized.In particular,enzymes and mediator systems to enhance lignin conversion and key intermediates in lignin catabolic pathways are discussed.Strategies to enhance bioproduct formation through lignin valorization are summarized.展开更多
基金supported by the project UGC-MRP No.F.No.-39-258/2010(SF),UGC,Government of India,New Delhi
文摘Progeny studies of Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata were carried with respect to bioproductivity,pod and seed characters which is one of the selection methods in tree improvement programmes. Variations in bioproductivity and biodiesel parameters of both the plants were compared every 6 months for 4 years of investigation and analyzed by analysis of variance and correlation coefficient by Pearson＇s method using software Graphpad instat 3.06（for Windows and Mac）. P. pinnata has better germination rate（71.4 %）, 100 pod weight（PW）（311.59 g） and 100 seed weight（SW）（173.46 g） as compared to J. curcas for germination rate（43.2 %）, 100 PW（111.29 g） and 100 SW（67.46 g）. P. pinnata has strong correlation for plant height to canopy growth（CG）（0.948）, collar diameter（CD）（0.994）, number of branches per plant（NBP）（0.995） and to number of leaves per branch（NLB）（0.862） as compared to J.curcas which showed good correlation among plant height to CG（0.976）, CD（0.970）, NBP（0.988）, NLB（0.920） and to number of pods per branch（0.657）. However, J. curcas depicted negative correlation for pod breadth to seed length（SL）（-0.447）, seed breadth（-0.248） and to seed thickness（ST）（-0.364） and among the 100 PW to SL（-0.199）, ST（-0.220） and to 100 SW（-0.704）. About 4 kg of P. pinnata seeds were required for each liter of crude oil which yields896 ml of biodiesel on transesterification as compared to5.66 kg of J. curcas seeds for a liter of crude oil, producing about 663 ml of biodiesel. The quality of biodiesel meets the major specification of American Society for Testing and Materials（ASTM） standards for biodiesel. The crude glycerin and seed cake obtained as byproduct during biodiesel production were also measured which can be purified and used in composting, animal feeds, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic industries.
文摘In the present article we study the production of grape molasses. Data drawn from a specified biolaboratory, are properly analyzed in order to detect factors that affect significantly the Brix value and the volatile acidity of the final product. The ground that is used for planting and a variety of grapes have been taken into account. Off-line statistical quality control techniques have been employed and the outcomes are displayed and discussed in detail.
文摘Butyric acid as a renewable resource has become an increasingly attractive alternative to petroleum based fuels.Clostridium tyrobutyricum is well documented as a fermentation strain for the production of acids. However, it hasbeen reported that butyrate inhibits its growth, and the accumulation of acetate also inhibits biomass synthesis,making production of butyric acid from conventional fermentation processes economically challenging. The presentstudy aimed to identify whether irradiation of C. tyrobutyricum cells makes them more tolerant to butyric acidinhibition and increases the production of butyrate compared with wild type.
基金supported financially by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2006AA10Z334)the Research Program of Sate Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,Jiangnan University(SKLF-MB-200804 and SKLF-TS-200805).
文摘D-psicose exits in an extremely small amount in nature and is difficult to be chemically synthesized.Only three bacteria have been used in the biotransformation of D-psicose from D-fructose.In this paper,another bacterium which could convert D-fructose to D-psicose was isolated and identified as Rhodobacter sphaeroides.The process parameters of D-psicose production using permeabilized cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides SK011 were optimized,including the permeabilization procedure:0.1%(w/v)CTAB,10 min,and reaction conditions:cell concentration,30 g dry cell wt/L;concentration of substrate,50 g/L;40℃,pH 9.0;reaction time,8 h.Under the optimized conditions,the permeabilized cells produced approximately 6.5 g/L D-psicose with a Dpsicose productivity of 0.82 g·L^(-1)·h^(-1).This is the first report of bioproduction of D-psicose using permeabilized cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
基金This work was supported in part by Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil(CAPES)(Finance Code 001)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico-Brasil(CNPq)and internal funds of Federal University of Parana.
文摘It has now passed more than forty years since solid-state fermentation(SSF)research developments have gained importance for the scientific community.After so many years,numerous processes and equipment for SSF were studied and designed focusing on the production of different commercially relevant bioproducts such as enzymes,fermented food,such as Chinese daqu and koji,organic acids,pigments,phenolic compounds,aromas,biosorbents and so many others.However,no review paper has been focused yet specifically on agricultural and animal feed bioproducts obtained through SSF techniques.This review comprises the description of agricultural sub-products that have been employed in most important developed pro-cesses concerning the production of animal feed products and agricultural products such as spores,probiotics,biofungicides,bioinsecticides and other biopesticides,biofertilizers and plant growth hormones.Major designed SSF bioreactors are also described and the most important related cases of successful employment of the technique are reported.Finally,a summary of patents and innovations regarding SSF products and processes in this area is presented,showing that the main involved countries are China,South Korea,India and the USA.It is clear that the interest in this theme is increasing and that scientific and technological developments are still needed.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0907900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32000039,32025001,31972815 and 42176124)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2019ZD20,ZR2019ZD17 and ZR2020ZD23)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(2019GN031)the Scientific Research Fund of Binzhou Medical University(BY2021KYQD25)。
文摘Algae are a large group of photo synthetic organisms responsible for approximately half of the earth’s total photosynthesis.In addition to their fundamental ecological roles as oxygen producers and as the food base for almost all aquatic life,algae are also a rich source of bioactive natural products,including several clinical drugs.Cytochrome P450 enzymes(P450s) are a superfamily of biocatalysts that are extensively involved in natural product biosynthesis by mediating various types of reactions.In the post-genome era,a growing number of P450 genes have been discovered from algae,indicating their important roles in algal life-cycle.However,the functional studies of algal P450s remain limited.Benefitting from the recent technical advances in algae cultivation and genetic manipulation,the researches on P450s in algal natural product biosynthesis have been approaching to a new stage.Moreover,some photoauto trophic algae have been developed into "photo-bioreactors" for heterologous P450s to produce high-value added pharmaceuticals and chemicals in a carbon-neutral or carbon-negative manner.Here,we comprehensively review these advances of P450 studies in algae from 2000 to 2021.
文摘Lignin fractionation and depolymerization generates heterogeneous streams of aromatic compounds and conversion of aromatic compounds into valuable products,but it is not efficient.Many microbes in nature have evolved metabolic path-ways to convert complex lignin polymers into aromatic compounds and transform these aromatic compounds into central intermediates for bioproduct synthesis.The objective of this paper is to review the recent process development of lignin bioconversion into aromatic compounds and bioproducts.Lignin structural and molecular changes during fractionation and depolymerization are presented.Subsequent lignin conversion into aromatic compounds by upper pathways and further converted into central metabolites and bioproducts via lower pathways are emphasized.In particular,enzymes and mediator systems to enhance lignin conversion and key intermediates in lignin catabolic pathways are discussed.Strategies to enhance bioproduct formation through lignin valorization are summarized.
