海水养殖对海域生态系统的影响及其生物修复

海水养殖业的迅速发展对海域生态系统产生了一系列的严重影响,本文综述了海水养殖带来的营养盐污染及沉积环境变化、药物使用污染、对天然生物的影响等问题.对于海水养殖造成的问题,有着多种治理方式,基于养殖生态系统的生物修复,是近年来新兴的安全有效的修复方法.本文介绍了微生物修复、大型海藻修复、贝-藻修复、人工湿地修复等生物修复方法及其研究进展.随着研究的不断深入,治理的方式也越来越多,但要想从根本上解决海水养殖带来的污染及影响,基于生态系统的海水养殖管理乃是实现海水养殖业可持续发展的关键.

Assessment of Heavy Metals in Grain Fields with Long-term Treatment of Agrochemicals and Organic Manure in Hailun City of Northeast China

Heavy metals were evaluated in the soils of grain fields in Hailun City Experimental Research Station-Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS）. Four categories of the soil samples were chosen from the fields after 19 years of treatment with chemicals, no fertilizer, organic manure, and organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer. The study revealed a prevalence of significantly high concentrations of Cu, Zn and Pb in organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer in the grain fields of black soils. The concentrations of Cu and Zn in no fertilizer treatment, chemical treatment, and organic treatment also exceeded the permissible limits However, the concentrations of rig and As were found to be within the safe limits in all treatments.

受污染水域的微生物修复

通过对受污染水域生物修复原理的阐述,指出了微生物修复技术在污染物削减和水生生态系统恢复过程中的必要性和优越性。并结合微生物修复技术三原则和针对微生物易流失的问题,着重探讨了受污染水域中微生物修复技术的应用方法。最后,对滨岸带微生物修复技术的作用和应用方法加以介绍和探讨。