基于YOLOv5s的轻量化架空输电线路鸟巢检测网络

架空输电线路上的鸟巢侵占会对铁塔上的电力设备造成安全隐患,间接可能影响整个电力系统的稳定运行。针对目前架空输电线路鸟巢检测模型在复杂场景以及小目标场景下检测精度不高,检测效率低,模型复杂等问题。本研究提出一种基于YOLOv5s框架的轻量化架空输电线路鸟巢检测网络。首先在主干部分采用Fasternet重构YOLOv5s特征提取网络,降低模型复杂度,提高运行速度;然后在特征融合网络部分嵌入ConvMixer层,ConvMixer层的结构设计有助于在特征信息中更好的捕捉空间和通道的关系,提升模型对于小目标的检测能力;最后在特征融合网络部分引入ODConv模块,令送入检测头的特征图包含更多有效特征,提高模型对复杂场景和小目标的检测性能。实验结果表明,本文与基线模型YOLOv5s相比,计算量和模型体积分别减少了86%和72%,平均精度均值达到96.4%,检测速度达到104.2帧/s,验证了本文改进模型的有效性和可行性。

Investigation of Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Stainless Steel Surface and Their Effect on the Appearance Aspects of the Alloy Surface

Stainless steel alloy SS-304 is widely used in many engineering applications primarily for its excellent corrosion resistance, ease of fabrication and aesthetic appeal. Many kitchen appliances are made from SS-304 alloy because of its durability, ease of cleaning and beautiful finish. However, over the years of continuous usage and cleaning by detergent bar and abrasive clothes the initial brightness and shine of the plates and dishes undergo considerable degradation. In this work, we report the results of a thorough investigation of the physico-chemical characteristics of the surface regions of both new and old SS-304 plates of known history of continuous usage to identify the key physical and chemical factors that are responsible for the loss of shine. Several analytical techniques viz. SEM/EDX, AFM, XPS, XRD, Reflectance FTIR, Profilometry and Reflectance spectrometry in the visible region have been used for experimental investigation of surface structure, morphology, roughness profile, chemical composition and appearance measurements of several steel samples. In addition, glossmeter has been used to measure the gloss of the samples at certain specific angles. It seems that surface roughness is one of the key physical parameters that play an important role in the reduction of brightness and shine. The other parameter is the presence of a thin surface film on the steel surface. In order to analyze the experimental data and to predict the shine and brightness phenomena quantitatively, we have used Fresnel’s theory to compute first the reflectance from each component of SS-304 alloy assuming it to be a smooth surface and then extended it to compute the reflectance of the alloy surface (SS-304). In order to interpret the reflectance from old and used plates, we have further used Beckmann’s theory of light scattering from random rough surface to analyze and predict the appearance aspects of the alloy surface quantitatively. Both the experimental and computed results show good agreement, thus validating the reflectance model used for computing the reflectance from SS-304 alloy surface and the appropriateness of Beckmann’s model of random rough surface.

Association of <i>Ammodramus bairdii</i>A. 1844, and Other Species of Grassland Granivorous Birds in Winter Time in Northwestern Mexico

During the winter of 2009 grassland birds were monitored in the region of Cuchillas de la Zarca to estimate the association betweenAmmodramus bairdiiAudubon 1844, focal species of grassland and bird species belonging to the trophic guild of grassland granivorous birds (n = 25 ). The study area was divided into monitoring quadrants (n = 16) where 96 transects for bird monitoring were conducted, recording 16,635 individuals of which only 32.9% were in the trophic guild of grassland granivorous birds. The association betweenA. bairdiiand other species was estimated from the nonparametric statistical index of Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (W) and the p value, through permutation analysis (n = 10,000), finding positive and significant associations (p≤0.05) of the target species for study withSturnella magna,Passerculus sandwichensisandAmmodramus savannarum, species that share habitat preferences of natural grassland in good condition, slightly grazed and with little tolerance to the shrub cover. The association W ranged from 0.072 and 0.749. These results can recognize this region as an important area for the conservation of obligate grassland birds during winter, suggesting establish training programs to better utilize this resource by means of cattle activity.

立足教材基础 培养学生能力——三年级下册Unit 4 Where’s the bird? (Story time)教学设计

【教材简解】本单元的核心教学内容是"询问物品的位置"。要求学生在一定情景下能正确使用核心句型Where’s...?It’s....进行交谈。Story time共有七个场景,主要描述小鸟停在教室里的不同位置。在对话中出现了本单元的重点句型,即询问及回答地点。教学应与日常生活联系起来,培养学生的主动性思维和与人交流的能力。【目标预设】1.能初步感知新的语言知识:(1)单词:a bird,a desk,a chair,in,on,under。

Enzymatic recovery of glycopeptides from different industrial grades edible bird’s nest and its by-products:nutrient,probiotic and antioxidant activities,and physicochemical characteristics

This study was conducted to recover edible bird’s nest(EBN)hydrolysates from different grades of EBN,including the industrial by-products,using enzymatic treatment.The nutrient,physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of the recovered hydrolysates at different hydrolysis times were evaluated.Results showed that the recovery yield of enzymatic hydrolysis was above 89%for all grades of EBN and the degree of hydrolysis increased over time.Nitrite content(0.321-0.433 mg/L)was below the permissible tolerance level for all samples.Interestingly,the antioxidant activities(DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities and ferric reducing antioxidant powder(FRAP)activity)were significantly higher(P≤0.05)in hydrolysates recovered from EBN by-products(EBNhC and EBNhD)as compared to the high grade EBN hydrolysates(EBNhA and EBNhB).The in-vitro probiotic activity of EBN and its hydrolysates were examined using the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum.Evidently,EBN by-products hydrolysate(EBNhD)recorded the highest number of L.plantarum(1.1×1011 CFU/mL),indicating that low grade EBN has the potential as prebiotic material that promotes probiotic activity.This study demonstrated the concept of using EBN by-products hydrolysates for various applications,such as functional ingredients with enhanced bioactivities,to improve its economic value.

True cicadas (Cicadidae) as prey for the birds of the Western Palearctic: a review

Background:True cicadas(Cicadidae)are large and temporarily abundant insects.Their availability may produce demographic and behavioural effects on bird populations,as happens with forest avifauna feeding on periodical cicadas in North America.In Europe,the Near East and North Africa,knowledge of cicada predation by birds is sparse.Methods:To help fill this gap,I consulted Cramp’s Birds of the Western Palearctic,conducted a search of online databases and used search engines to generate a database of Western Palearctic birds known to eat cicadas.Results:A total of 105 species(16%of those occurring in the region)belonging to 13 orders,and comprising 20 of the 33 passerine families,were found to consume cicadas.I estimated that 69 of these bird species are known to consume cicadas within the limits of the Western Palearctic.Many terrestrial birds predate on cicadas,preferably on adults.Avian predators include cuckoos,owls,bee-eaters,woodpeckers,falcons,reed-warblers,larks,crows and jays,buntings,shrikes,pipits and wagtails,flycatchers and chats,tits,sparrows,leaf-warblers,starlings,warblers and thrushes,but also terns and gulls.Nymphs are consumed by some passerines,owls and herons.Cicadas can make up as much as 70%of food items delivered to nestlings.Analysis of stomach contents and neck collar samples are the most common methods used in diet studies.Conclusions:Available knowledge is biased towards species that have been more intensively studied,and often lack proper quantification of prey items.More studies about the relative importance of cicadas as prey for birds in the Western Palearctic are needed.I suggest using non-invasive studies based on pellets and droppings and prioritizing declining bird species.

A Survey of Wild Birds Trading in the Beijing Bird Markets

Birds are an indispensable part of nature andthey play an important role in maintaining an ecologicalbalance. The existence of bird markets undoubtedlyposes a threat to the population of wild birds. Thegeographical location of Beijing is paramount to themigratory birds. The species of birds are rich in varietyand its quantity is large in scale. In addition, the birdmarket in old town Beijing has a long history - since theQing Dynasty, it has been the main bird market in thecity. Therefore, a survey of the major bird markets inthe city is highly representative. This study investigatedthe types, quantities, and prices of wild birds tradedin several major bird markets in Beijing from July16 to July 18, 2019. Data analysis and collation werealso conducted in this study. The results of the surveypresented 26 kinds of wild birds, with a total tradingvolume of an estimated 253. They are mainly birdsof the order of the passerine, 18 of which are underBeijing’s second-class protection, and one of them isunder first-class protection.

Effect of Six Different Acoustic Frequencies on Growth of Cowpea(Vigna unguiculata)during Its Seedling Stage

[Objective] The aim was to study the effects of sound waves with different types and frequency characteristics on the growth of cowpea（Vigna unguiculata）during seedling stage.[Method] The insect-music mixed sound（MI）,cuckoo acoustic song,cricket acoustic song,single 400 Hz frequency sound wave,F5 and Fn sound waves composed of different frequencies were designed to investigate their effects on height and weight of cowpea seedling,and experimental data were statistically analyzed and multiple-compared by EXCEL.[Result] After treatment by sound waves with six different types and frequencies,the growth situations of cowpea were better than that in control.This indicated that sound waves could significantly promote height growth of plant.The treatments with good growth-promotion effect included 400 Hz frequency sound wave,cuckoo acoustic song and cricket acoustic song,followed by MI,Fn and F5.Cuckoo and cricket acoustic song treatment could promote the weight of cowpea seedling during seedling stage.[Conclusion] Sound waves with different types and frequency characteristics had significant growth-promotion effect on growth of cowpea during seedling stage,but their effects were different.

天津区域鸟类活动的双偏振天气雷达回波分析

利用2022年6月至2023年3月的宝坻S波段双偏振天气雷达资料,对探测到的天津区域空中生物活动进行分析,结果表明:天津区域空中生物活动存在明显的季节变化和日变化。雷达能够探测到的候鸟迁徙回波集中在2月下旬到11月下旬,其中湿地鸟类活动在夏季比较明显,候鸟迁徙活动在2月、11月特别频繁,鸟类回波出现的时刻与日出日落有明显的关联。其中,秋季鸟类活动特征较为明显,回波在反射率产品上呈现明显的类圆形特征,回波强度能达到35 dBz以上;从径向速度产品上可以看出,鸟类飞行时径向速度约在10~27 m·s^(-1);从相关系数(CC)产品上看,鸟类回波的CC整体数值较低,主要分布在0.1~0.8;从差分反射率(ZDR)产品上看,ZDR分布不均匀,最大可达3~5 dB。相比于单偏振天气雷达,S波段双偏振天气雷达对空中生物回波的识别有显著优势。

烯效唑（S－3307）对油菜幼苗抗寒性的生理效应

用０．０５μｇ／ｍｌ烯效唑（Ｓ－３３０７）浸油菜种子，能阻止其幼苗４℃，３６ｈ低温胁迫下的细胞膜电解质渗漏，提高ＳＯＤ，ＣＡＴ活性和游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白质以及Ｖｃ含量，降低ＭＤＡ含量和减缓低温对幼苗叶绿素的破坏。

耳后切口与传统S形切口行腮腺肿瘤切除的疗效对比研究

目的:评价经耳后切口及S形切口美容手术对腮腺肿瘤患者的疗效。方法:选择2016年2月-2018年2月笔者医院收治的40例腮腺肿瘤患者的临床资料进行研究,按照手术方法不同,将患者分成观察组(20例)和对照组(20例),对照组采用传统S形切口行肿瘤切除术,观察组采用经耳后切口行肿瘤切除术。比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量等手术指标,比较术后并发症发生情况和面神经功能恢复情况,对患者外观进行主观评分并比较术后疗效。结果:两组患者手术时间、术中出血量等手术指标比较无明显差异,不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组患者切口长度明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后面瘫、耳垂麻木、Frey’s综合征等并发症发生情况和面神经功能恢复情况无明显差异,两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),而观察组患者发生涎瘘和面部凹陷的情况明显优于对照组,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后观察组患者治疗有效率为95.0%,对照组为90.0%,两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后患者对外观满意评分明显优于对照组,比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:经耳后切口和S形切口手术对腮腺肿瘤患者治疗效果满意,经耳后切口美容手术能显著改善患者术后外观,可达到较好的美容效果。

基于旋转LED的Flappy bird游戏设计

利用单片机和旋转LED,设计了Flappy bird游戏。通过红外遥控器,可以控制小鸟的移动,从而完成游戏的操作。该设计具有硬件简单,显示直观,操作方便的优点。

sms10h全自动配光测试系统在前照灯配光中的应用

介绍sms10h全自动配光测试系统的结构及工作原理,采用该系统对某车型左右前照灯总成进行配光,并利用其附带的GRID扫描及分析功能,对前照灯光形进行扫描分析,模拟了实车夜间使用效果。路面试验评价结果表明,sms10h全自动配光测试系统软件模拟出的图形效果与实车路面测量效果基本一致。

Typical gastroduodenal endoscopic findings in a Crohn's disease patient in remission stage

A 39-year-old patient with Crohn's disease (CD) was referred to our hospital for maintenance treatment of CD.He was diagnosed as having CD of the small and large intestines at 32 years old.He underwent partial resection of the ileum at 35 years old because of ileal perforation.He had received enteral nutritional supplement (1200 kcal/d) and metronidazole preparation (500 mg/d),and was in remission Crohn's disease activity index 73.We performed a routine gastroduodenal endoscopic examination,which revealed the representative endoscopic findings of gastroduodenal lesions in CD,namely,bamboo-joint-like appearance of the gastric body and cardia and a notched sign in the duodenum.These findings were clearly observed by using indigo carmine dye spraying.In our patient,typical gastroduodenal findings were observed even in the remission stage,suggesting that these findings would contribute to the early diagnosis of CD not only in the active stage but also during remission.

Small objects detection in UAV aerial images based on improved Faster R-CNN

In order to solve the problem of small objects detection in unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)aerial images with complex background,a general detection method for multi-scale small objects based on Faster region-based convolutional neural network(Faster R-CNN)is proposed.The bird’s nest on the high-voltage tower is taken as the research object.Firstly,we use the improved convolutional neural network ResNet101 to extract object features,and then use multi-scale sliding windows to obtain the object region proposals on the convolution feature maps with different resolutions.Finally,a deconvolution operation is added to further enhance the selected feature map with higher resolution,and then it taken as a feature mapping layer of the region proposals passing to the object detection sub-network.The detection results of the bird’s nest in UAV aerial images show that the proposed method can precisely detect small objects in aerial images.

Modified Titration Intratympanic Gentamicin Injection for Unilateral Intractable Ménière's Disease

This study looked into the efficacy of a modified titration protocol of intratympanic gentamicin injection（ITG） in the patients with unilateral intractable Ménière＇s disease（MD）. Modified titration protocol of ITG at a low dose（20 mg/m L） was administered to 10 patients with definite unilateral intractable MD. After initial first two fixed ITGs on weekly basis,the patients might or might not be given any more injections,depending on the appearance of unilateral vestibular loss（UVL）. ITG was terminated if the patients satisfied the criteria of UVL. All patients were followed-up for at least two years. The effects of ITG on the vertigo attack,functional level scores and postural balance were evaluated. Of the 10 cases,8 showed the sign of UVL after receiving initial two ITGs and were not given any more intratympanic injections,and the other 2 patients were administered three ITGs. A two-year follow-up revealed that complete and substantial vertigo control was achieved in 9 cases,and limited vertigo control in 1 patient. Hearing level was lowered in 2 patients. The posture stability and functional level scores were improved. Our study showed that the modified titration protocol of ITG at a low dose could effectively control vertigo in patients with unilateral intractable MD.

Stephen Chow

Having appeared in more than 50 films and won numerous HongKong Film Awards, Stephen Chow ( Zhou Xingchi) was chosen as

Cyathus tenuicorticalis(Agaricales,Basidiomycota),a new species from La Selva Biological Station,Costa Rica

Cyathus tenuicorticalis was found growing on decaying wood from La Selva Biological Station,Costa Rica.Specimens were analyzed using the methodology proposed for the group and specific literature for the genus.The fundamental diagnostic features for this new species are the very thin double-layered cortex in peridioles,exoperidium strongly hirsute,and a platinum bright endoperidium.Description,discussion and photographs of this new species are provided.