Systematic microthermometric measurements of fluid inclusions in the PGE-polymetallic deposits hosted in the Lower Cambrian black rock series in southern China were performed, and the results suggest: (1) there exist ...Systematic microthermometric measurements of fluid inclusions in the PGE-polymetallic deposits hosted in the Lower Cambrian black rock series in southern China were performed, and the results suggest: (1) there exist two types of fluid inclusions. TypeⅠis of NaCl-H-2O system with low-medium salinity, and its homogenization temperatures (T-h) and salinities are {106.9}-{286.4℃} and ({0.8}-{21.8}) wt%NaCl eq. respectively; TypeⅡ is of CaCl-2-NaCl-H-2O system with medium-high salinities, and its homogenization temperatures and salinities range from {120.1℃} to {269.6℃} and ({11.4}-{31.4}) wt%NaCl eq., respectively. The typeⅡ fluid inclusions have been discovered for the first time in this kind of deposits; (2) two generations of ore-forming fluids were recognized. Characteristics of fluid inclusions in the PGE-polymetallic ores and carbonate-quartz stockworks in the underlying phosphorites are almost of no difference, they may represent ore-forming fluids at the main metallogenic stage. The peak value of homogenization temperature of those fluid inclusions is about 170℃, while their salinities possess a remarkable bimodal distribution pattern with two peak values of (27-31) wt%NaCl eq. and (4-6) wt%NaCl eq. On the contrary, fluid inclusions in the carbonate-quartz veins in the hanging wall may represent ore-forming fluids at the post-metallogenetic stage. The homogenization temperatures and the peak values of salinities are mostly 130-170℃ and (12-14) wt%NaCl eq., respectively; (3) nobel gas isotopic composition analyses in combination with the microthermometric measurements of fluid inclusions suggest that the ore-forming fluids at the main metallogenetic stage were probably derived from mixing of basinal hot brines with the CaCl-2-NaCl-H-2O system and seawater with the NaCl-H-2O system; (4) in the Early Cambrian, the basinal hot brines were trapped in the Caledonian basins, which were distributed along the southern margin of the Yangtze Craton, and where giant thick sediments were accumulated, and expelled and migrated laterally along the strata because of the pressure caused by overlying sediments. The basinal hot brines absorbed Ni, Mo, V, PGE from the surrounding rocks and were transformed into ore-bearing hydrothermal fluids with the CaCl-2-NaCl-H-2O system and medium-high salinities, then ascended along faults and mixed with seawater of the NaCl-H-2O system, and finally PGE-polymetallic deposits or occurrences were formed in the black rock series.展开更多
The present paper deals with spherically symmetric deformation of an inclusion- matrix problem, which consists of an infinite isotropic matrix and a spherically uniform anisotropic piezoelectric inclusion. The interfa...The present paper deals with spherically symmetric deformation of an inclusion- matrix problem, which consists of an infinite isotropic matrix and a spherically uniform anisotropic piezoelectric inclusion. The interface between the two phases is supposed to be perfect and the system is subjected to uniform loadings at infinity. Exact solutions are obtained for solid spherical piezoelectric inclusion and isotropic matrix. When the system is subjected to a remote traction, analytical results show that remarkable nature exists in the spherical inclusion. It is demonstrated that an infinite stress appears at the center of the inclusion. Furthermore, a cavitation may occur at the center of the inclusion when the system is subjected to uniform tension, while a black hole may be formed at the center of the inclusion when the applied traction is uniform pressure. The appearance of different remarkable nature depends only on one non-dimensional material parameter and the type of the remote traction, while is independent of the magnitude of the traction.展开更多
The P-T conditions of auriferous and barren quartz veins from Kopylovsky,Kavkaz and Krasnoye gold deposits in Proterozoic black shales of Bodaybo ore region are presented the first time in this study.Fluid inclusions ...The P-T conditions of auriferous and barren quartz veins from Kopylovsky,Kavkaz and Krasnoye gold deposits in Proterozoic black shales of Bodaybo ore region are presented the first time in this study.Fluid inclusions trapped in auriferous quartz are aqueous Na±K-Mg chloride with salinity of 6 wt.%-8.8 wt.%NaCleqv.Homogenization temperatures vary from 260 to 350℃,and calculated trapping pressures are 1.2-1.6 kbar.The fluids trapped in barren quartz have more complicated compositions with Na,K,Mg and Fe chlorides,salinity up to 13 wt.%NaCleqv,and homogenization temperatures ranging between 140 and 280℃.The volatiles in fluids are dominated by H2O,followed by CO2 with minor amounts of CH4 and N2.We suppose that auriferous and barren quartz veins have been formed due to the basic metamorphogenic fluid as evidenced by the close slat and gas fluid composition.展开更多
主观群体动力学模型(subjective group dynamics,SGD)探讨群际背景中个体的群体评价与群体成员评价的关系,针对群际偏见、分化评估和分化接纳意识(awareness of differential inclusion,ADI)三个核心变量间的关系及其影响因素,提出并验...主观群体动力学模型(subjective group dynamics,SGD)探讨群际背景中个体的群体评价与群体成员评价的关系,针对群际偏见、分化评估和分化接纳意识(awareness of differential inclusion,ADI)三个核心变量间的关系及其影响因素,提出并验证了一系列理论假设。SGD的理论基础包括社会认同理论、复杂性-极端性假设和态度极化模型、"白乌鸦效应"和个体对人知觉的发展。SGD模型的研究结果深化了群内偏好研究,支持了社会领域理论,并从群体机制角度为同伴拒斥研究提供了新思路,解释了群体同质性效应并修正了认知发展理论。该领域的发展需要从跨文化检验模型、完善模型结构、研究它与其他变量的关系等方面进行进一步探索。展开更多
文摘Systematic microthermometric measurements of fluid inclusions in the PGE-polymetallic deposits hosted in the Lower Cambrian black rock series in southern China were performed, and the results suggest: (1) there exist two types of fluid inclusions. TypeⅠis of NaCl-H-2O system with low-medium salinity, and its homogenization temperatures (T-h) and salinities are {106.9}-{286.4℃} and ({0.8}-{21.8}) wt%NaCl eq. respectively; TypeⅡ is of CaCl-2-NaCl-H-2O system with medium-high salinities, and its homogenization temperatures and salinities range from {120.1℃} to {269.6℃} and ({11.4}-{31.4}) wt%NaCl eq., respectively. The typeⅡ fluid inclusions have been discovered for the first time in this kind of deposits; (2) two generations of ore-forming fluids were recognized. Characteristics of fluid inclusions in the PGE-polymetallic ores and carbonate-quartz stockworks in the underlying phosphorites are almost of no difference, they may represent ore-forming fluids at the main metallogenic stage. The peak value of homogenization temperature of those fluid inclusions is about 170℃, while their salinities possess a remarkable bimodal distribution pattern with two peak values of (27-31) wt%NaCl eq. and (4-6) wt%NaCl eq. On the contrary, fluid inclusions in the carbonate-quartz veins in the hanging wall may represent ore-forming fluids at the post-metallogenetic stage. The homogenization temperatures and the peak values of salinities are mostly 130-170℃ and (12-14) wt%NaCl eq., respectively; (3) nobel gas isotopic composition analyses in combination with the microthermometric measurements of fluid inclusions suggest that the ore-forming fluids at the main metallogenetic stage were probably derived from mixing of basinal hot brines with the CaCl-2-NaCl-H-2O system and seawater with the NaCl-H-2O system; (4) in the Early Cambrian, the basinal hot brines were trapped in the Caledonian basins, which were distributed along the southern margin of the Yangtze Craton, and where giant thick sediments were accumulated, and expelled and migrated laterally along the strata because of the pressure caused by overlying sediments. The basinal hot brines absorbed Ni, Mo, V, PGE from the surrounding rocks and were transformed into ore-bearing hydrothermal fluids with the CaCl-2-NaCl-H-2O system and medium-high salinities, then ascended along faults and mixed with seawater of the NaCl-H-2O system, and finally PGE-polymetallic deposits or occurrences were formed in the black rock series.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10702077, 10602001 and 10672001)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 1083012).
文摘The present paper deals with spherically symmetric deformation of an inclusion- matrix problem, which consists of an infinite isotropic matrix and a spherically uniform anisotropic piezoelectric inclusion. The interface between the two phases is supposed to be perfect and the system is subjected to uniform loadings at infinity. Exact solutions are obtained for solid spherical piezoelectric inclusion and isotropic matrix. When the system is subjected to a remote traction, analytical results show that remarkable nature exists in the spherical inclusion. It is demonstrated that an infinite stress appears at the center of the inclusion. Furthermore, a cavitation may occur at the center of the inclusion when the system is subjected to uniform tension, while a black hole may be formed at the center of the inclusion when the applied traction is uniform pressure. The appearance of different remarkable nature depends only on one non-dimensional material parameter and the type of the remote traction, while is independent of the magnitude of the traction.
基金the State Contract of the Institute of Mineralogy,South-Urals Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology,Urals Branch,Russian Academy of Sciences(Project for 2019-2021)the Basic Research Foundation of Russia(No.16-05-00580).
文摘The P-T conditions of auriferous and barren quartz veins from Kopylovsky,Kavkaz and Krasnoye gold deposits in Proterozoic black shales of Bodaybo ore region are presented the first time in this study.Fluid inclusions trapped in auriferous quartz are aqueous Na±K-Mg chloride with salinity of 6 wt.%-8.8 wt.%NaCleqv.Homogenization temperatures vary from 260 to 350℃,and calculated trapping pressures are 1.2-1.6 kbar.The fluids trapped in barren quartz have more complicated compositions with Na,K,Mg and Fe chlorides,salinity up to 13 wt.%NaCleqv,and homogenization temperatures ranging between 140 and 280℃.The volatiles in fluids are dominated by H2O,followed by CO2 with minor amounts of CH4 and N2.We suppose that auriferous and barren quartz veins have been formed due to the basic metamorphogenic fluid as evidenced by the close slat and gas fluid composition.
文摘主观群体动力学模型(subjective group dynamics,SGD)探讨群际背景中个体的群体评价与群体成员评价的关系,针对群际偏见、分化评估和分化接纳意识(awareness of differential inclusion,ADI)三个核心变量间的关系及其影响因素,提出并验证了一系列理论假设。SGD的理论基础包括社会认同理论、复杂性-极端性假设和态度极化模型、"白乌鸦效应"和个体对人知觉的发展。SGD模型的研究结果深化了群内偏好研究,支持了社会领域理论,并从群体机制角度为同伴拒斥研究提供了新思路,解释了群体同质性效应并修正了认知发展理论。该领域的发展需要从跨文化检验模型、完善模型结构、研究它与其他变量的关系等方面进行进一步探索。
