This is the second paper of a series where we introduce a control volume based finite element method （CVFEM） to simulate multiphase flow in porous media. This is a fully conservative method able to deal with unstruc...This is the second paper of a series where we introduce a control volume based finite element method （CVFEM） to simulate multiphase flow in porous media. This is a fully conservative method able to deal with unstructured grids which can be used for representing any complexity of reservoir geometry and its geological objects in an accurate and efficient manner. In order to deal with the inherent heterogeneity of the reservoirs, all operations related to discretization are performed at the element level in a manner similar to classical finite element method （FEM）. Moreover, the proposed method can effectively reduce the so-called grid orientation effects. In the first paper of this series, we presented this method and its application for incompressible and immiscible two-phase flow simulation in homogeneous and heterogeneous porous media. In this paper, we evaluate the capability of the method in the solution of highly nonlinear and coupled partial differential equations by simulating hydrocarbon reservoirs using the black-oil model. Furthermore, the effect of grid orientation is investigated by simulating a benchmark waterflooding problem. The numerical results show that the formulation presented here is efficient and accurate for solving the bubble point and three-phase coning problems.展开更多
Grid direction selection and grid size design are two important elements that need to be considered in the grid direction design in reservoir numerical simulation. Reservoir engineers normally utilize geological data ...Grid direction selection and grid size design are two important elements that need to be considered in the grid direction design in reservoir numerical simulation. Reservoir engineers normally utilize geological data (such as the distribution of fractures, low permeability zones, faults and major stress) and simulation experiences to design the grid direction of simulation model qualitatively. The research of the paper indicates that the key to determine the grid direction is to determine the principal permeability direction. Under the circumstances of few static materials, a new grid direction determination method has been developed by using field data (well location map and inter-well permeability) on the bases of Darcy’s law and tensor analysis theory. The grid direction of WZ11-7 Oilfield simulation model has been determined using four production wells and two production zones (L1 and L3) in WZ11-7-2 well group, the results are in conformity with the geological studied major stress. Therefore, this method can give insights into the numerical simulation study.展开更多
基金Iranian Offshore OilCompany (IOOC) for financial support of this work
文摘This is the second paper of a series where we introduce a control volume based finite element method （CVFEM） to simulate multiphase flow in porous media. This is a fully conservative method able to deal with unstructured grids which can be used for representing any complexity of reservoir geometry and its geological objects in an accurate and efficient manner. In order to deal with the inherent heterogeneity of the reservoirs, all operations related to discretization are performed at the element level in a manner similar to classical finite element method （FEM）. Moreover, the proposed method can effectively reduce the so-called grid orientation effects. In the first paper of this series, we presented this method and its application for incompressible and immiscible two-phase flow simulation in homogeneous and heterogeneous porous media. In this paper, we evaluate the capability of the method in the solution of highly nonlinear and coupled partial differential equations by simulating hydrocarbon reservoirs using the black-oil model. Furthermore, the effect of grid orientation is investigated by simulating a benchmark waterflooding problem. The numerical results show that the formulation presented here is efficient and accurate for solving the bubble point and three-phase coning problems.
文摘Grid direction selection and grid size design are two important elements that need to be considered in the grid direction design in reservoir numerical simulation. Reservoir engineers normally utilize geological data (such as the distribution of fractures, low permeability zones, faults and major stress) and simulation experiences to design the grid direction of simulation model qualitatively. The research of the paper indicates that the key to determine the grid direction is to determine the principal permeability direction. Under the circumstances of few static materials, a new grid direction determination method has been developed by using field data (well location map and inter-well permeability) on the bases of Darcy’s law and tensor analysis theory. The grid direction of WZ11-7 Oilfield simulation model has been determined using four production wells and two production zones (L1 and L3) in WZ11-7-2 well group, the results are in conformity with the geological studied major stress. Therefore, this method can give insights into the numerical simulation study.
