以壳聚糖(chitosan,CS)、海藻酸钠(sodium alginate,SA)为成膜基材,通过添加黑苹果果皮花青素(black apple peel anthocyanin,BAA)提取物制备智能指示膜(CS-SA-BAA薄膜),并将其应用于虾新鲜度监测。分析比较BAA提取物添加量对复合薄膜...以壳聚糖(chitosan,CS)、海藻酸钠(sodium alginate,SA)为成膜基材,通过添加黑苹果果皮花青素(black apple peel anthocyanin,BAA)提取物制备智能指示膜(CS-SA-BAA薄膜),并将其应用于虾新鲜度监测。分析比较BAA提取物添加量对复合薄膜微观形貌、厚度、颜色、机械性能、水分质量分数、紫外线透过率等的影响;并进一步研究利用复合薄膜监测虾新鲜度的可行性。结果表明:添加BAA提取物到复合薄膜中使组分之间发生了相互作用,BAA提取物在复合薄膜中分散良好,且复合薄膜机械性能得到显著提升,水分质量分数和紫外线透过率下降。此外,BAA提取物在pH 1~14范围内颜色由红色变为黄色,对酸碱度有明显响应,含有15%BAA提取物的复合薄膜对pH值敏感,可将其应用于虾新鲜度指示。在4℃下贮藏的第5天,虾的总挥发性盐基氮含量和pH值超过了虾的腐败阈值,表明虾已经腐败,同时复合薄膜的颜色由最初的红色变为深灰色。因此,CS-SA复合膜可作为良好的载体固定BAA以制备智能指示膜,用于虾新鲜度监测。展开更多
Objective:To examine the structure of the oviduct of the shrimp Penaeus monodon.Methods:The oviducts of P.monodon with three different major groups of ovarian development(Group(Gr.) 1:Stages I & V;Gr.2:Stages II &...Objective:To examine the structure of the oviduct of the shrimp Penaeus monodon.Methods:The oviducts of P.monodon with three different major groups of ovarian development(Group(Gr.) 1:Stages I & V;Gr.2:Stages II & III;and Gr.3:Stage IV) were examined by light,transmission electron,and scanning electron microscopies,respectively.Results:The epithelium of the oviduct in Gr.1 was composed of tall simple columnar cells with their basal nuclei located on the basement membrane and its thick collagen fibers.In Gr.2,the oviduct seemed to produce some substances and their epithelial cells became transitional with centrally located nuclei and formed some vacuoles.Obviously,the epithelial cells in Gr.3(at Stage IV) were disorganized,disrupted,and shed accumulated spherical secretory substances including some cellular contents into the lumen.Conclusions:The structural changes of the P.monodon oviduct were related to ovarian maturation stages(Grs.1-3).Prior to spawning,only the oviduct epithelium at ovary Stage IV produced and secreted a number of spherical secretion substances into the lumen.These substances may act as the oviductal lubricants to facilitate the spawning process.展开更多
文摘Objective:To examine the structure of the oviduct of the shrimp Penaeus monodon.Methods:The oviducts of P.monodon with three different major groups of ovarian development(Group(Gr.) 1:Stages I & V;Gr.2:Stages II & III;and Gr.3:Stage IV) were examined by light,transmission electron,and scanning electron microscopies,respectively.Results:The epithelium of the oviduct in Gr.1 was composed of tall simple columnar cells with their basal nuclei located on the basement membrane and its thick collagen fibers.In Gr.2,the oviduct seemed to produce some substances and their epithelial cells became transitional with centrally located nuclei and formed some vacuoles.Obviously,the epithelial cells in Gr.3(at Stage IV) were disorganized,disrupted,and shed accumulated spherical secretory substances including some cellular contents into the lumen.Conclusions:The structural changes of the P.monodon oviduct were related to ovarian maturation stages(Grs.1-3).Prior to spawning,only the oviduct epithelium at ovary Stage IV produced and secreted a number of spherical secretion substances into the lumen.These substances may act as the oviductal lubricants to facilitate the spawning process.
