Clinical implications of single cell sequencing for bladder cancer

Bladder cancer(BC)is the 10th most common cancer worldwide,with about 0.5 million reported new cases and about 0.2 million deaths per year.In this scoping review,we summarize the current evidence regarding the clinical implications of single-cell sequencing for bladder cancer based on PRISMA guidelines.We searched PubMed,CENTRAL,Embase,and supplemented with manual searches through the Scopus,and Web of Science for published studies until February 2023.We included original studies that used at least one single-cell technology to study bladder cancer.Forty-one publications were included in the review.Twenty-nine studies showed that this technology can identify cell subtypes in the tumor microenvironment that may predict prognosis or response to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy.Two studies were able to diagnose BC by identifying neoplastic cells through single-cell sequencing urine samples.The remaining studies were mainly a preclinical exploration of tumor microenvironment at single cell level.Single-cell sequencing technology can discriminate heterogeneity in bladder tumor cells and determine the key molecular properties that can lead to the discovery of novel perspectives on cancer management.This nascent tool can advance the early diagnosis,prognosis judgment,and targeted therapy of bladder cancer.

Effects of Combined siRNA-TR and-TERT on Telomerase Activity and Growth of Bladder Transitional Cell Cancer BIU-87 Cells

The effects of combined RNA interference(RNAi) of human telomerase RNA(hTR) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT) genes on telomerase activity in a bladder cancer cell line(BIU-87 cells) were investigated by using gene chip technology in vitro with an attempt to evaluate the role of RNAi in the gene therapy of bladder transitional cell cancer(BTCC).Three TR-specific double-stranded small interfering RNAs(siRNAs) and three TERT-specific double-stranded siRNAs were designed to target different regions of TR and TERT mRNA.The phTR-siRNA,phTERT-siRNA,and the combination of both plasmids phTR+phTERT-siRNA were transfected into BIU-87 cells.The expression of hTR and hTERT mRNA was detected by quantitative fluorescent reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and a telomeric repeat amplification protocol was applied to detect telomerase activity.Growth inhibition of BIU-87 cells was measured by MTT assay.Gene chip analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of the combined RNAi of hTR+hTERT genes on telomerase activity and growth of BIU-87 cells in vitro.The results showed that the expression of hTERT and hTR mRNA was inhibited by pRNAT-hTERT-Ⅲ,pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ,and pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ+hTERT-Ⅲ in BIU-87 cells.The inhibition efficiency of pRNAT-hTERT-Ⅲ,pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ,pRNAT-hTERT-Ⅲ+pRNAT-hTR-Ⅲ was 67% for TERT mRNA,41% for TR mRNA,57% for TR mRNA and 70% for TERT mRNA in BIU-87 cells respectively.The growth of BIU-87 cells was inhibited and telomerase activity was considerably decreased,especially in the cells treated with combined RNAi-hTR and-hTERT.Gene chip analysis revealed that 21 genes were down-regulated(ATM,BAX,BCL2,BCL2L1,BIRC5,CD44,CTNNB1,E2F1,JUN,MCAM,MTA1,MYC,NFKB1,NFKBIA,NME4,PNN,PNN,SERPINE1,THBS1,TNFRSF1A,and UCC1).The results indicated that hTR-siRNA and hTERT-siRNA,especially their combination,siRNA hTR+hTERT,specifically and effectively suppressed the expression of both hTR and hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity.Molecular biological mechanism by which combined siRNA-TR and-TERT inhibited telomerase activity and growth of BIU-87 cells in vitro may involve the down-regulation of the 21 genes.

RECURRENCE RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA OF BLADDER

Objective： To study recurrence factors and set up a model to evaluate the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. Methods： An analysis on recurrence-related factors was made by Cox＇s proportional hazards model analysis and logistic multiple linear regression model analysis in 212 patients with transitional cell carcinoma treated surgically from 1995-2001. These factors included clinical and pathologic figures. Results： The most important factor is metastasis to the regional lymph nodes, the Hazards ratio is 6.6 （P=0.0004）, followed by multiple tumors （Hr=2.255, P〈0.0001）, tumor in trigone and bladder neck （Hr=2.053, P〈0.0001）, stage （Hr=2.057, P〈0.0001）, grade （Hr=1.569, P=0.0081）, intravesical chemotherapeutic instillations （Hr-0.559, P=0.0011） and hematuria （Hr=0.762, P=0.0076）. A predicting equation was established, and the predicting values were calculated according to the individual features of patients. The predicting and actual values were compared, and the sensitivity, specificity and overall concordance were 83.5%, 67.6% and 80.1% respectively. Conelusion：The evaluation of prognosis could be made quite accurately based on these factors.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder： A Single Centre Experience

Urothelial cancers usually recur distantly rather than loco-regionally. In patients with pT2 and pT3/pT4 tumors, local recurrence has been observed in 3-4% and 11-16%, respectively, whereas distant failure has occurred in 10-27% and 19-35%, respectively. Despite local therapy most patients with muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma （TCC） of the bladder die of systemic relapse, indicating a need for effective adjunctive systemic treatment. We determined whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy improved overall survival. This study evaluated the role of neoadjuvant combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine/cisplatin （GC） in improving the outcome of this group of patients. A total of 44 patients （84% Male, 16% Female） with newly diagnosed bladder cancer （T3-4, N0-2, M0） were subjected to initial 3 cycles of GC, then managed according to response. Patients were assessed clinically after each cycle and by Interim CT scan after 3 cycles of chemotherapy and those who achieved complete or partial response underwent radical cystectomy. We enrolled 63 patients, 19 of whom were found to be ineligible; thus, 44 were assigned to receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery. Average size of the largest tumor was greater that 30mm in 77% patients. According to Computed Tomographic findings 70% patients belonged to Stage T4A. The overall response rate to GC was 50%, and incomplete response was achieved in 25% whereas 25% patients were lost to follow up. Twenty two patients who had complete response, underwent cystectomy and diversion. It was observed that those patients who underwent radical cystectomy with ureterosigmoidostomy had an increased serum creatinine in comparison to patients who had ileal conduit. The size of the effect is modest and combination chemotherapy can be administered safely without adverse outcomes resulting in delayed local therapy. Further efforts to identify the patients most likely to benefit from neoadjuvant therapy are necessary to optimize its use.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCES OF THE EXPRESSION OF METALLO- THIONEIN IN FIVE TYPES EPITHELIUM CELL CANCER

Objective： To study the expressions of （CSC）, bladder transitional cell cancer metallothionein and the significances in cervical squamous cell cancer （BTC）, esophageal squamous cell cancer （ESC）, gastral tubular adenocarcinoma （GC） and large intestinal tubular adenocarcinoma （LIC）. Methods： lmmunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression rates of MT in five types of cancer tissue. Results： The expression rates of MT were 75.00% （24/32） in ESC, 52.27% （46/88） in GTC, 59.46% （44/74） in LIC, 64.86% （48/74） in BTC and 58.57% （41/70） in CSC respectively. The positive rates of MT expression were higher in low differentiation and deep muscular group than those in medium or high differentiation and superficial muscular invasion group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The expression of MT is related to differentiation degree and invasion degree.

Vascular endothelial growth factor,p53,and the H-ras oncogene in Egyptian patients with bladder cancer

AIM:To evaluate the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),p53,and the H-ras oncogene and different clinicopathological parameters in Egyptian patients with Schistosoma-associated transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.METHODS:The study included 50 patients with transitional cell carcinoma for whom radical cystectomy and urinary diversions were carried out.VEGF and p53 protein expressions were evaluated with an immunohistochemical staining method,and H-ras oncogene mutations were analyzed with a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) technique.RESULTS:High grade tumors revealed higher p53 immunostaining than low grade tumors(P = 0.016).p53 and VEGF protein expressions,as well as H-ras oncogene mutations,had an insignificant impact on patient outcomes(P = 0.962,P = 0.791,and P = 967,respectively).Cancer extension to regional lymph nodes was associated with poor outcomes(P = 0.008).CONCLUSION:VEGF,p53 and the H-ras oncogene have no relation to patient survival and outcome in Schistosoma-associated transitional cell carcinoma.

Transitional cell carcinoma of the ovary – A case report with review of literature

Transitional cell carcinoma （TCC） of the ovary is a rare and recently recognized subtype of ovarian epithelial cancer. We presented the first case report from our Institute （Sheri Kashmir Instiute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India）, which was initially rnisdiagnosed as stromal cell carcinoma （granulosa cell tumour）, and on review of histopathology with immunohistochemistry, the diagnosis of TCC of the ovary was established. The aim of this article was to describe the typical case of primary TCC of the ovary and to review the literature for information on TCC management.

罗哌卡因抑制膀胱癌J82细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭的分子机制研究

目的探讨罗哌卡因对人膀胱癌J82细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响及对c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)信号通路的调控作用。方法体外培养人膀胱癌J82细胞,该研究分为预实验和正式实验两个部分。预实验分组:对照组(不进行干预),低、中、高浓度罗哌卡因组(200、400、800μmol/L罗哌卡因);正式实验分组:对照组、罗哌卡因组(有显著作用浓度的罗哌卡因)、阳性药物组(100 nmol/L紫杉醇)、抑制剂组(罗哌卡因+20μmol/L JNK信号通路抑制剂SP600125)和激活剂组(罗哌卡因+1μg/mL JNK信号通路激活剂茴香霉素),干预24 h。分别采用细胞计数试剂盒-8(CCK-8)法、5-乙炔基-2′脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(EdU)、划痕法、Transwell小室法、蛋白免疫印迹法检测细胞活力、增殖率、迁移率、侵袭细胞数、上皮间质转化(EMT)及JNK通路相关蛋白水平。结果预实验中,与对照组比较,高浓度罗哌卡因组细胞活力明显降低(P<0.05),以高浓度罗哌卡因(800μmol/L)进行正式实验。正式实验中,罗哌卡因组和阳性药物组细胞增殖率、迁移率、侵袭细胞数,以及N-钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)、纤维粘连蛋白(FN)和磷酸化(p)-JNK表达水平较对照组降低(P<0.05),E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)表达水平较对照组升高(P<0.05)。与罗哌卡因组相比,抑制剂组细胞增殖率、迁移率、侵袭细胞数,以及N-cadherin、Vimentin、FN和p-JNK表达水平降低(P<0.05),E-cadherin表达水平升高(P<0.05),而激活剂组上述指标趋势则正好相反(P<0.05)。结论罗哌卡因可能通过阻断JNK信号通路活化抑制人膀胱癌J82细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT进程。

μ-opioid receptor agonist facilitates circulating tumor cell formation in bladder cancer via the MOR/AKT/Slug pathway:a comprehensive study including randomized controlled trial

Background:μ-opioid receptor agonists(MORAs)are indispensable for analgesia in bladder cancer(BC)patients,both during surgery and for chronic pain treatment.Whether MORAs affect BC progression and metastasis remains largely unknown.This study focused on the effects of MORAs on the formation of circulating tumor cells(CTCs)in BC and aimed to provide potential therapeutic targets,which would retain the pain-relieving effects of MORAs in BC patients without sacrificing their long-term prognosis.Methods:Different preclinical models were used to identify the effects of MORAs on the progression of BC.A novel immunocapture microfluidic chip was utilized to analyze whether MORAs affected the number of CTCs in mouse models and clinical BC patients.Bioinformatic analyses,total transcriptome sequencing,and molecular biology methods were then used to investigate the underlying mechanisms in these models and in BC cell lines.Results:Mouse models of hematogenous metastasis and in situ BC demonstrated that tumor metastasis was significantly increased after MORA treatment.A significant increase in the number of mesenchymal and/or epithelial CTCs was detected after MORA treatment in both the mouse models and clinical trial patients.Mechanistically,MORAs facilitated the formation of CTCs by activating the MOR/PI3K/AKT/Slug signaling pathway,hereby promoting the epithelialmesenchymal transition(EMT)of BC cells,as knockdown of MOR,Slug or blockade of PI3K inhibited the EMT process and CTC formation.Conclusion:MORAs promoted BC metastasis by facilitating CTC formation.The EMT-CTC axis could be targeted for preventive measures during MORA treatment to inhibit the associated tumormetastasis or recurrence in BC patients.

Clinical signification on the expressions of metallothionein in three types cancer of woman

Objective： To study the expressions and significations of metallothionein （MT） in cervical squamous cell cancer （CSC）, bladder transitional cell cancer （BTC） and breast cancer （BC） of woman. Methods： Immunohistochemical method was used to examine the expresses rate of MT in three types of woman cancer tissue. Results： The expressions rates of MT were 54.35% （29146） in BTC, 67.05% （59188） in BC and 57.14% （40/70） in CSC. The positive rate of MT expression was higher in low differentiation group than well differentiation group in BTC and CSC （P 〈 0.05）. Positive of MT in lobular cancer was significance higher than medullary and duct cancers （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The expression of MT is related to differentiation degree, and it is a guidance for clinical choice of chemotherapy project.

Bladder urothelial carcinoma extending to rectal mucosa and presenting with rectal bleeding

An 87-year-old-man with prostate-cancer-stage-T1cGleason-6 treated with radiotherapy in 1996, recurrent prostate cancer treated with leuprolide hormonal therapy in 2009, and bladder-urothelial-carcinoma in situ treated with Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin and adriamycin in 2010, presented in 2015 with painless, bright red blood per rectum coating stools daily for 5 mo. Rectal examination revealed bright red blood per rectum; and a hard, fixed, 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm mass at the normal prostate location. The hemoglobin was 7.6 g/d L(iron saturation = 8.4%,indicating iron-deficiency-anemia). AbdominopelvicCT-angiography revealed focal wall thickening at the bladder neck; a mass containing an air cavity replacing the normal prostate; and adjacent rectal invasion. Colonoscopy demonstrated an ulcerated, oozing, multinodular, friable, 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm mass in anterior rectal wall, at the usual prostate location. Histologic and immunohistochemical analysis of colonoscopic biopsies of the mass revealed poorly-differentiatedcarcinoma of urothelial origin. At visceral angiography, the right-superior-rectal-artery was embolized to achieve hemostasis. The patient subsequently developed multiple new metastases and expired 13 mo postembolization. Comprehensive literature review revealed 16 previously reported cases of rectal involvement from bladder urothelial carcinoma, including 11 cases from direct extension and 5 cases from metastases. Patient age averaged 63.7 ± 9.6 years(all patients male). Rectal involvement was diagnosed on average 13.5 ± 11.8 mo after initial diagnosis of bladder urothelial carcinoma. Symptoms included constipation/gastrointestinal obstruction-6, weight loss-5, diarrhea-3, anorexia-3, pencil thin stools-3, tenesmus-2, anorectal pain-2, and other-5. Rectal examination in 9 patients revealed annular rectal constriction-6, and rectal mass-3. The current patient had the novel presentation of daily bright red blood per rectum coating the stools simulating hemorrhoidal bleeding; the novel mechanism of direct bladder urothelial carcinoma extension into rectal mucosa via the prostate; and the novel aforementioned colonoscopic findings underlying the clinical presentation.

经尿道双极等离子体汽化电切术治疗浅表性膀胱肿瘤

目的观察经尿道双极等离子体膀胱肿瘤汽化电切术(PKVBt)治疗浅表性膀胱肿瘤的治疗效果。方法对76例浅表性膀胱肿瘤患者行PKVBt术,其中8例合并良性前列腺增生症(BPH)者同时行经尿道双极等离子体前列腺汽化电切术(PKVP)。术后常规行膀胱化疗药物灌注。结果72例膀胱肿瘤1次切除,4例多发性膀胱肿瘤根据患者病情分2次切除。平均手术时间PKVBt为35min,PKVBt+PKVP为87min。2例术中膀胱穿孔。全组无输血。术后平均留置尿管48h。70例均随访24个月,复发16例(21%)。结论PKVBt具有操作简单、出血少、恢复快、术后并发症低等优点。

RT-PCR检测膀胱移行细胞癌患者尿CK20 mRNA表达的研究

目的 探讨膀胱移行细胞癌 (TCCB)患者尿细胞角蛋白 2 0 (CK2 0 )mRNA表达及其意义。方法 采用逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)检测 6 1例TCCB患者、19例非肿瘤患者及 11例健康志愿者尿脱落细胞CK2 0mRNA。结果 6 1例TCCB患者中 5 2例尿脱落细胞CK2 0阳性表达 ,阳性率为 85 .3% ,对照组 30例中 2例表达 ,阳性率为 6 .7%。各分期尿CK2 0mRNA阳性率T1为 83.9% (2 6 / 31) ,T2 4期 86 .7% (2 6 / 30 ) ,两者差异无统计学意义 ;分级G1为 82 .8% (2 4 / 2 9) ,G2 85 .0 % (17/ 2 0 ) ,G3 91.7% (11/ 12 ) ,三者之间差异无统计学意义。行保留膀胱手术患者 5 1例 ,其中 4 2例术前尿CK2 0mRNA表达阳性 ,术后36例阴性 ,术后转阴率 85 .7%。 5 1例中有 2 9例 (术后尿脱落细胞CK2 0阳性表达 4例 )随访 6个月 ,4例CK2 0阳性表达者有2例 (5 0 % )复发 ,2 5例CK2 0阴性表达有 1例 (4 % )复发 ,两者复发率比较有统计学差异 (P <0 .0 0 5 )。结论 RT PCR检测尿脱落细胞CK2 0mRNA表达是诊断TCCB一种简便方法 ,其敏感性为 85 .3% ,特异性为 93.3% ,有助于膀胱TCCB的早期诊断和预后观察 。

浅表性膀胱癌术后不同剂量卡介苗膀胱灌注的疗效比较

目的比较浅表性膀胱癌术后不同剂量卡介苗(BCG)膀胱灌注的疗效。方法浅表性膀胱癌患者术后随机接受120mg、60mg和30mg三种不同剂量的BCG膀胱灌注,随访6-24个月,选取临床和随访资料完整病例241例,评判灌注后不良反应发生和肿瘤复发的情况。结果60mg剂量组膀胱灌注毒副反应较120mg剂量组轻(P<0.05),较30mg剂量组肿瘤复发率低(P<0.05)。结论与120mg和30mg相比,BCG灌注剂量为60mg时副反应更轻,肿瘤复发率更低。

浅表性和浸润性膀胱癌微环境中树突状细胞的变化及意义

目的研究树突状细胞(Dc)在不同类型膀胱移行细胞癌及癌旁组织中的变化以及与肿瘤病理分级的关系,探讨恶性肿瘤免疫逃避的可能机制。方法将133例膀胱移行细胞癌病理标本按WHO标准进行病理分级,按1987年国际抗癌协会(UICC)标准进行临床分型(浅表和浸润),应用免疫组化法检测病理标本中Dc。结果133例标本中肿瘤Dc数目明显少于瘤旁组织(G116.85±1.1,G29.45±2.17,G32.99±1.19vsG121.8±4.78,G221.71±4.72,G320.00±5.49,P<0.01)并随肿瘤病理分级的增加而减少,相同病理分级浅表性膀胱癌实质内Dc数目(G210.79±1.69;G34.79±0.67)明显多于浸润性膀胱癌实质内Dc数目(G27.52±1.0;G32.46±0.66),其差别具有统计学意义(P<0.01);肿瘤旁组织Dc数目在不同肿瘤病理分级、临床分型的标本中差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论Dc仅在机体有炎症或肿瘤时作为抗原递呈者出现;肿瘤内Dc数目的减少是恶性肿瘤逃避机体的免疫监视和排斥的一个可能机制;浸润性膀胱癌容易转移可能与瘤内Dc数目及活性过度下调和Dc过早凋亡有关。

凋亡抑制蛋白livin在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的研究一种新的凋亡抑制蛋白(Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proten,IAP)livin两种异构体livin-α和livin-βmRNA在膀胱移行细胞癌(Transitional Cell Carcinoma of Bladder,TCC)组织中的表达,及其与TCC的病理分级、临床分期的相关性。方法采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测30例TCC患者的肿瘤组织、3例良性前列腺增生症(Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia,BPH)和2例外伤所致的膀胱破裂患者的膀胱组织中livin-α和livin-βmRNA的表达。结果30例TCC组织中livin mRNA表达阳性率为16.7%,其表达阳性的病例病理分级均为Ⅲ级,肿瘤均侵及深肌层。而3例BPH患者和2例膀胱破裂患者的膀胱组织livin mRNA表达均呈阴性。结论livin可作为TCC的分子标记物,可成为对TCC恶性程度和预后判断的参考指标。

保留膀胱手术联合动脉化疗治疗浸润性膀胱癌的临床研究

目的评价保留膀胱手术联合动脉化疗治疗浸润性膀胱癌的临床疗效。方法2003年4月-2006年12月,对35例浸润性膀胱癌患者采用经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切或膀胱部分切除术联合GC(吉西他滨+顺铂)方案动脉化疗治疗,总结分析肿瘤控制情况、膀胱保存率和患者的生存率。结果33例患者获随访,2例失访,平均随访24.3个月(3-45个月)。27例无瘤生存,2例带瘤生存,4例死于肿瘤转移,2年生存率为88.8%;19例无复发及转移,5例浅表性复发,3例浸润性复发,6例转移;25例保留膀胱生存,4例行挽救性全膀胱切除,4例死亡,2年膀胱保存率为74.1%。全部患者对动脉化疗耐受良好,无严重全身和局部不良反应。结论保留膀胱手术联合GC方案动脉化疗治疗浸润性膀胱移行细胞癌近期疗效满意,毒副作用轻,值得临床进一步观察研究。

人膀胱浅表性移行细胞癌基因表达变化的基因芯片研究

目的研究人膀胱浅表性移行上皮细胞癌(TCC)和正常膀胱组织差异表达基因。方法应用基因芯片技术对6例膀胱浅表性TCC癌组织和正常膀胱组织的总RNA进行检测。结果在13939条目的基因中共发现差异表达基因720条。在癌组织中234条表达增加,486条表达降低;678条能在GeneBank中登录。结论膀胱浅表性TCC的发生、发展是多基因异常引起多条传导通路异常致使细胞恶性转化的结果,基因芯片技术可同时定量研究大量基因表达水平,是一种稳定、高效的方法。

尿膀胱癌抗原作为膀胱肿瘤标志物的临床评价

为评价尿膀胱癌抗原(urinary bladder cancer antigen,UBC)在膀胱移行细胞癌(BTCC)中的诊断价值,采用ELISA法对53例BTCC患者、25例泌尿系统良性疾病患者和13例健康志愿者进行UBC检测,并同时行尿细胞学检查。结果显示:(1)BTCC患者UBC平均含量为26.26±28.49μg/L,与泌尿系统良性疾病患者和健康志愿者相比(9.41±9.63μg/L、1.73±0.79μg/L),均有显著性差异(P均<0.01)。(2)以7.5μg/L为最适临界值时,UBC诊断BTCC的敏感性和特异性分别为86.8%、76.3%,与尿细胞学检查(32.1%、97.4%)相比,均有显著性差异(P均<0.01)。结论:UBC具有简便、敏感和无创的特点,可作为辅助诊断BTCC的尿肿瘤标志物。

膀胱移行细胞癌中肿瘤-睾丸抗原基因的表达情况

目的:研究4种肿瘤-睾丸抗原(CT)基因在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法:采用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测49例膀胱移行细胞癌患者癌组织(新鲜标本,Ta-T1期28例,T2-T4期21例;G120例,G216例,G313例)及其中15例患者癌旁组织的cTAGE-1、cTAGE-2、MAGE-A1及NY-ESO-1等4种CT基因mRNA的表达。结果:49例膀胱移行细胞癌组织中MAGE-A1表达最高,其次为cTAGE-1,cTAGE-2及NY-ESO-1,分别为59%(29/49),55%(27/49),51%(25/49)及47%(23/49)。15例癌旁组织表达均阴性。膀胱移行细胞癌组织中肿瘤不同分期、不同分级之间4种CT基因表达的差异均无统计学意义(Pearsonχ2检验法,P>0.05)。结论:CT基因在膀胱移行细胞癌组织中有较高表达,而在癌旁组织无表达,可以进一步研究作为膀胱移行细胞癌特异性免疫治疗靶基因的可行性。