Effect of pitched short blades on the flow characteristics in a stirred tank with long-short blades impeller

This work focuses on the design improvement of the long-short blades(LSB)impeller by using pitched short blades(SBs)to regulate the flow field in the stirred vessel.After mesh size evaluation and velocity field validation by the particle image velocimetry,large eddy simulation method coupled with sliding mesh approach was used to study the effect of the pitched SBs on the flow characteristics.We changed the inclined angles of the SBs from 30°to 60°and compared the flow characteristics when the impeller was operated in the down-pumping and up-pumping modes.In the case of down-pumping mode,the power number is relatively smaller and vortexes below the SBs are suppressed,leading to turbulence intensification in the bottom of the vessel.Whereas in the case of up-pumping mode,the axial flow rate in the center increased significantly with bigger power number,resulting in more efficient mass exchange between the axial and radial flows in the whole vessel.The LSB with 45°inclined angle of the SBs in the up-pumping mode has the most uniform distributions of flow field and turbulent kinetic energy compared with other impeller configurations.

Study on the solid-liquid suspension behavior in a tank stirred by the long-short blades impeller

We investigated the solid–liquid suspension characteristics in the tank with a liquid height/tank diameter ratio of 1.5 stirred by a novel long-short blades(LSB) impeller by the Euler granular flow model coupled with the standard k–ε turbulence model. After validation of the local solid holdup by experiments,numerical predictions have been successfully used to explain the influences of impeller rotating speed,particle density, particle size, liquid viscosity and initial solid loading on the solid suspension behavior,i.e. smaller particles with lower density are more likely to be suspended evenly in the liquid with higher liquid viscosity. At a low impeller rotating speed(N), increase in N leads to an obvious improvement in the solid distribution homogeneity. Moreover, the proposed LSB impeller has obvious advantages in the uniform distribution of the solid particles compared with single Rushton turbine(RT), dual RT impellers or CBY hydrofoil impeller under the same power consumption.

空间导叶式多级离心泵级间能量损失机理

为探究空间导叶式多级离心泵级间能量损失的原因,以1个单级和1个3级潜水泵为研究对象,通过试验和数值模拟相结合的方法,分析其级间能量损失的机理.对单级和3级潜水泵分别进行全流场外特性试验.基于ANSYS软件对3级潜水泵不同流量点进行数值模拟和内流场分析,着重对各级叶轮进口流态、内部旋涡结构和叶片载荷分析比较.结果表明:小流量工况下,3级潜水泵各级扬程接近且与单级扬程相差不大;额定流量工况和大流量工况下,3级潜水泵第1级扬程与单级扬程仍相差不大,但后2级扬程相比于第1级降低了6%~10%.随着流量的增大,首级叶轮来流稳定性不受影响,其后各级叶轮进流流态变差.后2级叶轮进口液体介质冲角变化使其对叶片进口边的冲击增大.后2级叶轮进口处的涡在流量较大时发展为流向涡,从而引起叶片载荷突变,削弱了叶轮做功能力,导致后2级能量损失.研究结果可为多级离心泵的设计提供理论依据.

不同叶顶弯曲对离心叶轮性能影响机理

面对现代发动机对离心叶轮性能需求不断提高的背景,叶顶弯曲具备有效改善离心叶轮气动特性的能力,本文通过数值模拟的方式对不同叶顶弯曲方向、弯曲形式、弯曲程度的压气机性能进行预测,基于仿真结果对不同流动状态下压气机内部流场进行分析,给出了叶顶弯曲压气机性能变化机理。结果显示:负弯叶轮有助于提升压气机峰值效率,提高压气机堵塞流量。正弯叶轮则在损失部分效率的情况下,使压气机失速裕度得到提升。弯曲叶轮主要通过改善叶顶前缘载荷,重构叶轮通道内静压分布,从而削弱激波强度、减少二次流损失、抑制低能涡发展,达到提升压气机性能的目的。本文研究结果可为离心压气机叶片改型设计提供参考。

半开式离心叶轮叶顶泄漏诱发流道流动堵塞特性研究

为探究半开式离心叶轮叶顶泄漏量诱发的流道中流动堵塞作用,采用大涡模拟对流场进行精确计算,基于流动堵塞预估模型对叶顶间隙0.5、1.0和1.5 mm的3种半开式离心叶轮在不同流量工况下的流动堵塞特性进行研究,发现在叶轮流道内存在流动堵塞峰值,且在3种叶顶间隙下均在截面2处,在经过截面2之后流动堵塞发生大幅度的减小,并在后面4个截面发生小幅度的波动;通过对不同叶顶间隙、不同流量工况下在叶轮尾缘处相对流动堵塞作用的分析,发现尾缘处的流动堵塞在不同叶顶间隙下,随流量的变化具有相同的趋势,相对流动堵塞均在1.0Q_(d)时达到最小值,在0.6Q_(d)时出现峰值;然而流动堵塞在相同流量下与叶顶间隙的关系不是单一的线性关系,且存在一个最优叶顶间隙在设计工况点达到最小的流动堵塞情况;同时通过对泄漏涡发展情况的观察,发现泄漏涡的破碎和位移会增大叶片尾缘处的流动堵塞;通过对叶片静压差的分析,发现运行流量对叶片载荷的影响不大,然而叶顶间隙的改变会大大影响叶片载荷,同时对叶片尾缘处的流动堵塞造成影响。

导叶叶片数对LNG四级潜液泵轴向力及首级叶轮流场的影响研究

应用CFD技术研究了导叶叶片数对LNG潜液泵首级叶轮压力和轴向力分布的影响,对一、三级导叶同时设计7、8、9三种叶片数,采用K-epsilon湍流模型进行了多工况数值模拟,并采用液氮工质进行了相关外特性试验验证,得到LNG泵内部首级叶轮压力分布以及轴向力特性。结果表明:潜液泵所受总轴向力在导叶数为8时最小,泵的整体效率最优。作用在首级叶轮上后盖板的轴向力大于前盖板。其中,导叶数为8时首级叶轮前后盖板轴向力最小,压力分布最均匀;而导叶数为9时,与叶轮叶片数9相同,运转时会有共同的倍频出现,在相同的倍频上振动累加,并诱发共振,导致前后盖板的轴向受力最大,叶轮前盖板所受轴向力相对于其他方案平均增加了3.45%;后盖板轴向受力绝对值平均增加1.88%。综上,导叶数为8时潜液泵的水力效率最优。

激光冲击强化对外物损伤叶片前缘的疲劳强度影响研究

为研究激光冲击强化对某型离心叶轮外物损伤后疲劳强度的影响,设计了反映真实叶片前缘部位的特征模拟件,并结合空气炮法模拟外物损伤,对比有/无激光冲击强化模拟件的高周疲劳试验结果,发现经激光冲击强化处理后,模拟件的疲劳强度提高约37%。同时,开展了激光冲击强化以及外物损伤后的残余应力/应变场数值仿真,结合Kitagawa-Takahashi(K-T)图法建立了考虑外物损伤与激光冲击强化的疲劳强度预测方法,与试验结果相比平均误差为7.3%,验证了方法的有效性。

改进型三斜叶-Rushton组合桨槽内流场特性的粒子图像测速技术

通过粒子图像测速技术(PIV)对装配三斜叶-Rushton组合桨搅拌槽内流场进行了实验研究,在甘油-水溶液中研究了该组合桨在不同转速N、离底距C_(1)以及桨叶间距C_(2)时的槽内流场变化情况。研究结果表明:当转速N=100 r·min^(-1)时,上桨叶区的混合效果有所改善,桨叶间速度分布相对均匀;当离底距C_(1)=0.3H时,上桨叶区低速区域最小,搅拌槽内的混合效果达到最佳;当桨间距C_(2)=0.25H时,上桨叶区的低速区得到改善,混合效果有所提升,两桨叶间速度分布趋于平稳有利于混合和传质。

矸石胶结充填二级搅拌机优化设计及仿真分析

针对连采连充矸石胶结充填系统在长城六矿的工程应用中,二级搅拌机的出浆口时常堵塞的问题,采用Fluent欧拉多相流模型和可实现性k-ε湍流模型,运用滑移网格法对搅拌机中的固液两相流进行了瞬态模拟,并根据输出结果分析了堵塞原因,确定了优化指标。在此基础上,分别研究了转速、叶片倾角、叶轮直径和叶轮数对搅拌效果的影响,发现:提高转速、在45°以内增大叶片倾角、适当增加叶轮直径和叶轮数有助于改善搅拌效果,缓解堵塞现象,最终将二级搅拌机的优化方案确定为转速75 r/min、叶片倾角34°、叶轮直径1.3 m和5层叶轮,有效降低了罐底固液两相流的密度,提高了出浆口处灰浆的流动性。

电机周围涡强度变化对电机表面散热的影响研究

通过CFD研究了多翼离心风机叶轮中盘开孔对油烟机电机温升和风机风量和风压的影响。结果表明,中盘开孔使热量从叶轮前段和后段同时排出。且后段排出的热量占比更大,而封闭设计的热量则全部从后段排出。因此叶轮中盘开孔设计比封闭设计温升降低2K。中盘开孔有助于气流从叶轮前段经过中盘孔流入后段,并从后段排出,这增强了电机周围的涡量强度,提高了电机壳体表面的风速。开孔中盘叶轮的气动性能在全工况范围内均有提升,静压提高4%~20%,效率提升5%~7.8%。在最大风量工况,叶轮中盘开孔设计促进气流从叶轮后段吸入,进而提升叶轮后段的风量,这提升了电机的散热效率,使得最大风量和最大静压分别提高4%和6%。

离心泵叶轮叶片安放角变化规律对性能的影响

为研究离心泵叶轮叶片的安放角变化规律对性能的影响,以某离心泵为对象,采用数值模拟方法分析了不同工况下不同叶片安放角分布规律的离心泵对性能、内流场和叶片表面静压力的影响。结果表明:当从叶片安放角自进口至出口为线性分布规律时,离心泵整体性能较优;当叶片安放角的最大位置由叶片进口往出口移动时,扬程不断增大。并且在叶片前半部分安放角和叶片做功能力呈正相关性,叶片后半部分的做功能力对叶片性能起主导作用。

基于反动度的增压器涡轮设计方法

通过分析涡轮叶轮叶片角与反动度的关系,设计了叶片角分布控制参数,构建了3种不同反动度的增压涡轮,匹配不同尺寸的涡轮壳,在相同流量条件下,研究了不同反动度涡轮对涡轮级的性能影响规律。最终,应用基于涡轮反动度特征叶片角分布控制方法,实现了增压器涡轮的全参数化设计。结果表明,采用基于反动度的增压器涡轮叶轮的设计方法是可行的,可以满足增压器涡轮叶轮性能优化设计需求。

基于多岛遗传算法的离心压缩机叶轮结构优化研究

为保证离心压缩机的稳定运行,以水利工程离心压缩机使用的叶片钢叶轮为例,提出基于多岛遗传算法的离心压缩机叶轮结构优化方法.采用三阶Bezier曲线对叶轮叶片的进出口安放角以及叶片包角等参数进行设计;利用CFD软件构建叶轮的计算域以及模型,对叶轮结构模型进行相关条件假设和处理后,完成模型计算;定义重量最轻、扬程最大、水利效率最高为叶轮结构优化目标函数,结合等效应力、轴向变形约束条件,通过多岛遗传算法优化叶轮结构参数.试验结果满足叶轮结构优化的约束条件.

3D Particle Image Velocimetry Test of Inner Flow in a Double Blade Pump Impeller

The double blade pump is widely used in sewage treatment industry,however,the research on the internal flow characteristics of the double blade pump with particle image velocimetry（PIV） technology is very little at present.To reveal inner flow characteristics in double blade pump impeller under off-design and design conditions,inner flows in a double blade pump impeller,whose specific speed is 111,are measured under the five off-design conditions and design condition by using 3D PIV test technology.In order to ensure the accuracy of the 3D PIV test,the external trigger synchronization system which makes use of fiber optic and equivalent calibration method are applied.The 3D PIV relative velocity synthesis procedure is compiled by using Visual C＋＋ 2005.Then absolute velocity distribution and relative velocity distribution in the double blade pump impeller are obtained.Test results show that vortex exists in each condition,but the location,size and velocity of vortex core are different.Average absolute velocity value of impeller outlet increases at first,then decreases,and then increases again with increase of flow rate.Again average relative velocity values under 0.4,0.8,and 1.2 design condition are higher than that under 1.0 design condition,while under 0.6 and 1.4 design condition it is lower.Under low flow rate conditions,radial vectors of absolute velocities at impeller outlet and blade inlet near the pump shaft decrease with increase of flow rate,while that of relative velocities at the suction side near the pump shaft decreases.Radial vectors of absolute velocities and relative velocities change slightly under the two large flow rate conditions.The research results can be applied to instruct the hydraulic optimization design of double blade pumps.

CFD simulation of single-phase flow in flotation cells:Effect of impeller blade shape,clearance,and Reynolds number

A series of numerical simulations of turbulent single-phase flows are performed to understand the flow and mixing characteristics in a laboratory scale flotation tank.Four impeller blade shapes covering a wide range of surface areas and lip lengths are considered to highlight and contrast the flow behavior predicted in the impeller stream.The mean flow close to the impeller is fully characterized by considering velocity components along the axial direction at different radial locations.Normalized results suggest the development of a comparatively stronger axial velocity component for a blade design with the smallest lip length,called big-tip impeller here.Normalized turbulent kinetic energy profiles close to the impeller reveal the existence of an asymmetric trailing vortex pair.The highest turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rates are observed close to the impeller blades and stator walls where the radial jet strikes the stator walls periodically.Furthermore,liquid phase mixing in the flotation cell is studied using transient scalar tracing simulations providing mixing time data.Finally,pumping capacity and efficiency of different impeller designs are calculated based on which the impeller blade design with a rectangular blade design is found to perform most efficiently.

CFD simulation of impeller shape effect on quality of mixing in two-phase gas–liquid agitated vessel

Mixing efficiency in two-phase gas–liquid agitated vessel is one of the important challenges in the industrial processes.Computational fluid dynamics technique(CFD)was used to investigate the effect of four different pitched blade impellers,including 15°,30°,45°and 60°,on the mixing quality of gas–liquid agitated vessel.The multiphase flow behavior was modeled by Eulerian–Eulerian multiphase approach,and RNG k-εwas used to model the turbulence.The CFD results showed that a strong global vortex plays the main role on the mixing quality of the gas phase in the vessel.Based on the standard deviation criterion,it was observed that the axial distribution of the gas phase in the 30°impeller is about 55%better than the others.In addition,the results showed that the 30°impeller has a uniform radial distribution over the other impellers and the maximum gas phase holdup in the vessel.Investigation of the power consumption of the impellers showed that the 30°impeller has the highest power consumption among the other pitched blade impellers.Also,examine the effect of same power condition for pitched blade impellers showed that the 30°impeller has the best mixing quality in this condition.

Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Power Consumption and Metzner-Otto Constant for Impeller of 6PBT

Majority of non-Newtonian fluids are pseudoplastic with shear-thinning property, which means that the viscosity will be different in different parts of the stirred tank. In such mixing process, it is difficult to predict accurately the power consumption and mean shear rate for designing novel impeller. Metzner-Otto method is a widely accepted method to solve these questions in mixing non-Newtonian fluids. As a result, Metzner-Otto constant will become a key factor to achieve an optimum way of economical mixing. In this paper, taking glycerine and xanthan gum solutions as research system, the power consumption, stirred by the impeller composed of perturbed six-bent-bladed turbine （6PBT） with differently geometrical characteristics in a cylindrical vessel, is studied by means of computational fluid dynamics （CFD）. The flow is modeled as laminar and a multiple reference frame （MRF） approach is used to solve the discretized equations of motion. In order to determine the capability of CFD to forecast the flow process, the torque test experiment is used to measure the glycerine solution power consumption. The theological properties of the xanthan gum solutions are determined by a Brookfleld rheometer. It is observed that the power consumption predicted by numerical simulation agrees well with those measured using torque experiment method in stirring glycerine solution, which validate the numerical model. Metzner-Otto constant is almost not correlated with the flow behavior index of pseudoplastic fluids. This paper establishes the complete correlations of power constant and Metzner-Otto constant with impeller geometrical characteristics through linear regression analysis, which provides the valuable instructions and references for accurately predicting the power consumption and mean shear rate of pseudoplastic fluids in laminar flow, comparatively.

Effect of Impeller Solidity on the Generating Performance for Solar Power Generation

According to current solar power research,both the generating unit’s minimum start-up speed and power generation system’s minimum flow rate for operation decrease with the increase in the impeller solidity.Ideally,a high solidity should be achieved,as this translates more power for a solar power system in the start-up and shut-down cycles.However,increasing the number of blades does not increase the impeller solidity;therefore,there is an optimal number of blades needed to achieve the preferred solidity.This paper begins by selecting the blade airfoil and then performs a theoretical analysis based on the relationship between the blade number and chord length.Experiments are conducted to measure the starting and stopping wind speeds and power characteristics for different numbers of blades.The results show that a maximum impeller solidity of 0.2862 is achieved,as well as the minimum flow speed at the start-up,and the maintenance of the solar chimney power generation system is optimized when there are four blades.

Study on the Influence of Blade Outlet Backsweep Angle on Performance of Impeller

As an important parameter of compressor impeller, the design value of blade outlet backsweep angle has a great influence on the performance of impeller. In this paper, six impellers with blade outlet backsweep angle β2B equal to 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, and 50° were designed to evaluate the influences of impeller backsweep angle β2B on the performance, characteristics of gas flow and equivalent stress using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element analysis (FEA). Results indicated that the performance curve for the outlet backsweep blade angle β2B of 50° has the largest stable operating range. The isentropic efficiency of the impeller with backsweep angle β2B equal to 40° is 16.8% - 25.9% higher than that of the impeller with backsweep angle β2B equal to 0°. When the blade outlet backsweep angle is 30°, the equivalent stress distribution of the impeller is more uniform, the maximum equivalent stress is the smallest.

基于UG NX的轴流式整体叶轮加工工艺研究

整体叶轮是机械装备行业的典型产品,因叶片结构的特殊性使得加工十分困难。以轴流式整体叶轮的加工过程为例介绍该类零件的一般生产工艺流程,根据整体叶轮的结构特征及加工要求,分析加工过程中应注意的诸如叶片曲率变化不均匀、叶片间距较小、叶片弹性变形等问题,制定详细加工工艺方案,并以UG NX软件为平台创建加工刀路,通过后处理文件生成数控机床加工代码,在Mazak VARIAXIS i-600五轴加工中心上进行实例加工验证。经实际生产验证此工艺方案切实可行,可为同类型产品的生产提供参考。