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Cross-upgrading of biomass hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis for high quality blast furnace injection fuel production:Physicochemical characteristics and gasification kinetics analysis 被引量:1
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作者 Han Dang Runsheng Xu +2 位作者 Jianliang Zhang Mingyong Wang Jinhua Li 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期268-281,共14页
The paper proposes a biomass cross-upgrading process that combines hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis to produce high-quality blast furnace injection fuel.The results showed that after upgrading,the volatile con... The paper proposes a biomass cross-upgrading process that combines hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis to produce high-quality blast furnace injection fuel.The results showed that after upgrading,the volatile content of biochar ranged from 16.19%to 45.35%,and the alkali metal content,ash content,and specific surface area were significantly reduced.The optimal route for biochar pro-duction is hydrothermal carbonization-pyrolysis(P-HC),resulting in biochar with a higher calorific value,C=C structure,and increased graphitization degree.The apparent activation energy(E)of the sample ranges from 199.1 to 324.8 kJ/mol,with P-HC having an E of 277.8 kJ/mol,lower than that of raw biomass,primary biochar,and anthracite.This makes P-HC more suitable for blast furnace injection fuel.Additionally,the paper proposes a path for P-HC injection in blast furnaces and calculates potential environmental benefits.P-HC of-fers the highest potential for carbon emission reduction,capable of reducing emissions by 96.04 kg/t when replacing 40wt%coal injec-tion. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace injection BIOMASS cross-upgrading hydrothermal carbonization PYROLYSIS physicochemical properties gasific-ation properties
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A Novel Sensing Imaging Equipment Under Extremely Dim Light for Blast Furnace Burden Surface:Starlight High-Temperature Industrial Endoscope
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作者 Zhipeng Chen Xinyi Wang +3 位作者 Weihua Gui Jilin Zhu Chunhua Yang Zhaohui Jiang 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第4期893-906,共14页
Blast furnace(BF)burden surface contains the most abundant,intuitive and credible smelting information and acquiring high-definition and high-brightness optical images of which is essential to realize precise material... Blast furnace(BF)burden surface contains the most abundant,intuitive and credible smelting information and acquiring high-definition and high-brightness optical images of which is essential to realize precise material charging control,optimize gas flow distribution and improve ironmaking efficiency.It has been challengeable to obtain high-quality optical burden surface images under high-temperature,high-dust,and extremelydim(less than 0.001 Lux)environment.Based on a novel endoscopic sensing detection idea,a reverse telephoto structure starlight imaging system with large field of view and large aperture is designed.Combined with a water-air dual cooling intelligent self-maintenance protection device and the imaging system,a starlight high-temperature industrial endoscope is developed to obtain clear optical burden surface images stably under the harsh environment.Based on an endoscope imaging area model,a material flow trajectory model and a gas-dust coupling distribution model,an optimal installation position and posture configuration method for the endoscope is proposed,which maximizes the effective imaging area and ensures large-area,safe and stable imaging of the device in a confined space.Industrial experiments and applications indicate that the proposed method obtains clear and reliable large-area optical burden surface images and reveals new BF conditions,providing key data support for green iron smelting. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace(bf) burden surface extremely dim light industrial endoscope sensing imaging STARLIGHT
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Research progress and future prospects in the service security of key blast furnace equipment
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作者 Yanxiang Liu Kexin Jiao +3 位作者 Jianliang Zhang Cui Wang Lei Zhang Xiaoyue Fan 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期2121-2135,共15页
The safety and longevity of key blast furnace(BF)equipment determine the stable and low-carbon production of iron.This pa-per presents an analysis of the heat transfer characteristics of these components and the uneve... The safety and longevity of key blast furnace(BF)equipment determine the stable and low-carbon production of iron.This pa-per presents an analysis of the heat transfer characteristics of these components and the uneven distribution of cooling water in parallel pipes based on hydrodynamic principles,discusses the feasible methods for the improvement of BF cooling intensity,and reviews the pre-paration process,performance,and damage characteristics of three key equipment pieces:coolers,tuyeres,and hearth refractories.Fur-thermoere,to attain better control of these critical components under high-temperature working conditions,we propose the application of optimized technologies,such as BF operation and maintenance technology,self-repair technology,and full-lifecycle management techno-logy.Finally,we propose further researches on safety assessments and predictions for key BF equipment under new operating conditions. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace EQUIPMENT service security blast furnace campaign SELF-REPAIR
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Process metallurgy and data-driven prediction and feedback of blast furnace heat indicators
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作者 Quan Shi Jue Tang Mansheng Chu 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期1228-1240,共13页
The prediction and control of furnace heat indicators are of great importance for improving the heat levels and conditions of the complex and difficult-to-operate hour-class delay blast furnace(BF)system.In this work,... The prediction and control of furnace heat indicators are of great importance for improving the heat levels and conditions of the complex and difficult-to-operate hour-class delay blast furnace(BF)system.In this work,a prediction and feedback model of furnace heat indicators based on the fusion of data-driven and BF ironmaking processes was proposed.The data on raw and fuel materials,process op-eration,smelting state,and slag and iron discharge during the whole BF process comprised 171 variables with 9223 groups of data and were comprehensively analyzed.A novel method for the delay analysis of furnace heat indicators was established.The extracted delay variables were found to play an important role in modeling.The method that combined the genetic algorithm and stacking efficiently im-proved performance compared with the traditional machine learning algorithm in improving the hit ratio of the furnace heat prediction model.The hit ratio for predicting the temperature of hot metal in the error range of±10℃ was 92.4%,and that for the chemical heat of hot metal in the error range of±0.1wt%was 93.3%.On the basis of the furnace heat prediction model and expert experience,a feedback model of furnace heat operation was established to obtain quantitative operation suggestions for stabilizing BF heat levels.These sugges-tions were highly accepted by BF operators.Finally,the comprehensive and dynamic model proposed in this work was successfully ap-plied in a practical BF system.It improved the BF temperature level remarkably,increasing the furnace temperature stability rate from 54.9%to 84.9%.This improvement achieved considerable economic benefits. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace furnace heat genetic algorithm stacking prediction and feedback
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Coke behavior with H_(2)O in a hydrogen-enriched blast furnace:A review
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作者 Feng Zhou Daosheng Peng +5 位作者 Kejiang Li Alberto N.Conejo Haotian Liao Zixin Xiong Dongtao Li Jianliang Zhang 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期959-976,共18页
Hydrogen-enriched blast furnace ironmaking has become an essential route to reduce CO_(2)emissions in the ironmaking process.However,hydrogen-enriched reduction produces large amounts of H_(2)O,which places new demand... Hydrogen-enriched blast furnace ironmaking has become an essential route to reduce CO_(2)emissions in the ironmaking process.However,hydrogen-enriched reduction produces large amounts of H_(2)O,which places new demands on coke quality in a blast furnace.In a hydrogen-rich blast furnace,the presence of H_(2)O promotes the solution loss reaction.This result improves the reactivity of coke,which is 20%-30%higher in a pure H_(2)O atmosphere than in a pure CO_(2)atmosphere.The activation energy range is 110-300 kJ/mol between coke and CO_(2)and 80-170 kJ/mol between coke and H_(2)O.CO_(2)and H_(2)O are shown to have different effects on coke degradation mechanisms.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effect of H_(2)O on the structure and properties of coke.By exploring the interactions between H_(2)O and coke,several unresolved issues in the field requiring further research were identified.This review aims to provide valuable insights into coke behavior in hydrogen-rich environments and promote the further development of hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking processes. 展开更多
关键词 hydrogen ironmaking coke behavior blast furnace GASIFICATION microstructure kinetics
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Extraction of Valuable Metals from Titanium-bearing Blast Furnace Slag by Acid Leaching
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作者 刘燕 CHEN Xuegui +2 位作者 MAO Shuaidong XIAO Yadong LI Jiacong 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期376-385,共10页
To realize the resource utilization of the valuable metals in the titanium-containing blast furnace slag,the process route of “hydrochloric acid leaching-electrolysis-carbonization and carbon dioxide capture-preparat... To realize the resource utilization of the valuable metals in the titanium-containing blast furnace slag,the process route of “hydrochloric acid leaching-electrolysis-carbonization and carbon dioxide capture-preparation of calcium carbonate” was proposed.In this study,the influences of process conditions on the leaching rates of calcium,magnesium,aluminum,and iron and the phases of the leaching residue were investigated for the leaching process.The experimental results show that the HCl solution could selectively leach the elements from the titanium-containing blast furnace slag.The better leaching conditions are the HCl solution concentration of 4 mol/L,the leaching time of 30 min,the ratio of liquid volume to solid gas of 10 mL/g,and the stirring paddle speed of 300 r/min.Under the conditions,the leaching rates of calcium,magnesium,aluminum,and iron can reach 85.87%,73.41%,81.35%,and 59.08%,and the leaching rate of titanium is 10.71%.The iron and the aluminum are removed from the leachate to obtain iron-aluminum water purification agents,and the magnesium is removed from the leachate to obtain magnesium hydroxide.The leaching residue phase is dominated by perovskite,followed by magnesium silicate and tricalcium aluminate,and the titaniumrich material could be obtained from the leaching residue by desiliconization. 展开更多
关键词 titanium-containing blast furnace slag acid leaching valuable metals comprehensive utilization
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Effect of Blast Furnace Sludge (BFS) Characteristics on Suitable Recycling Process Determining 被引量:1
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作者 Mamdouh Omran Timo Fabritius Timo Paananen 《Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering》 2017年第4期185-197,共13页
The present study aims to give a detailed characterization of blast furnace sludge (BFS) by using different techniques, in order to determine the most effective recycling method to recover valuable metals from this wa... The present study aims to give a detailed characterization of blast furnace sludge (BFS) by using different techniques, in order to determine the most effective recycling method to recover valuable metals from this waste. BFS is composed mainly of hematite, as its iron-bearing phase, and carbon, in addition to fractions of silicate and carbonate materials. The studied BFS shows relatively high contents of iron (Fe) (390 g.kg-1), and carbon (C) (290 g.kg-1), due to abundance of hematite and coke, while the concentration of zinc (Zn) (2.5 g.kg-1) is low. The XRD analyses indicated that, hematite is more concentrated in the fine fraction (<20 μm), while the coarser fraction (90 - 250 μm) is dominated by calcite, quartz and X-ray amorphous coke. SEM-EDX analyses confirmed that particles rich in iron and zinc were detected in the fine fraction (<20 μm) of the sludge. Due to high Fe and C content in BFS, it can be utilized as self-reducing material and briquetting represent a potential method for recycling of blast furnace sludge. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace SLUDGE (bfS) Characterization RECYCLING
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Durability of Seawater Mixed Concrete with Different Replacement Ratio of BFS (Blast Furnace Slag) and FA (Fly Ash) 被引量:1
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作者 Nobuaki Otsuki Aung Kyaw Min +1 位作者 Tomohiro Nagata Cheng Yi 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2016年第5期568-580,共13页
Using seawater in concrete can be considered as one of the sustainable approaches in construction industry not only to save the freshwater resource but also to promote the use of abandoned seawater resource, especiall... Using seawater in concrete can be considered as one of the sustainable approaches in construction industry not only to save the freshwater resource but also to promote the use of abandoned seawater resource, especially in the construction at the uninhabited area close to the sea where the procurement of fresh water is difficult. In this study, durability against chloride attack of seawater mixed concrete with different replacement ratio of BFS (blast furnace slag) and FA (fly ash) is discussed and the life time until the occurrence of corrosion crack is evaluated. The results show that: (1) Chloride penetration rate of seawater mixed specimens with BFS and FA is lower than that of freshwater mixed OPC (ordinary Portland cement) specimens; (2) Oxygen permeability of seawater mixed specimens with BFS and FA is almost the same or lower than that of freshwater mixed OPC specimens; (3) Total life time (corrosion incubation period and propagation period) of seawater mixed specimens with BFS and FA is almost the same or only slightly shorter than that of freshwater mixed OPC specimens. From the results, it was confirmed that the usage of seawater in concrete mixing is feasible in concrete with the appropriate BFS and FA replacement ratio. 展开更多
关键词 Seawater chloride attack CORROSION durability of concrete blast furnace slag fly ash.
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Numerical Simulation of the Flow of a Molten Blast Furnace Slag in an Open Channel
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作者 Miguel A. Barron Joan Reyes Aristeo Garrido 《World Journal of Engineering and Technology》 2024年第4期963-975,共13页
Despite its industrial importance, the flow of molten blast furnace slag in open channels has not been sufficiently studied. In this work, the unsteady non-uniform flow of a molten blast furnace slag in a rectangular ... Despite its industrial importance, the flow of molten blast furnace slag in open channels has not been sufficiently studied. In this work, the unsteady non-uniform flow of a molten blast furnace slag in a rectangular open channel is numerically studied by solving the Saint-Venant equations by means of an explicit backwards finite difference scheme. An Arrhenius-type dependence of the viscosity of the slag on temperature is assumed. To calculate that viscosity, four temperatures are considered, namely 1450˚C, 1500˚C, 1550˚C and 1600˚C. To study the dynamic response of the system, a half-sinusoidal pulse with duration of 5 s is imposed at the channel entrance. According to the numerical simulations, for all the temperatures considered, the slag flow in the channel for an angle of 5 degrees is supercritical in nature. However, for an angle of 1 degree, the flow is transcritical, that is, it presents a transition from subcritical to supercritical. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace Slag Molten Slag Open Channel Flow Saint-Venant Equations Supercritical Flow Transcritical Flow
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Analysis and Prospect of Waste Heat Utilization from Blast Furnace Slag Flushing
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作者 Shenqin Zhang Junyi Qing 《Frontiers of Metallurgical Industry》 2024年第2期15-20,共6页
Estimating the residual heat of blast furnace slag flushing in China,classifying and introducing the current proposed methods of slag flushing waste heat utilization,and listing existing cases.In order to better save ... Estimating the residual heat of blast furnace slag flushing in China,classifying and introducing the current proposed methods of slag flushing waste heat utilization,and listing existing cases.In order to better save energy and water in the slag flushing process of blast furnaces,an ideal comprehensive cascade utilization system scheme for annual recovery of waste heat is proposed.Based on the measured waste heat data of a steel plant,design calculations are carried out to further analyze the economic feasibility of the new scheme and provide reference for its promotion and application. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace slag flushing waste heat utilization comprehensive cascade utilization energy saving and water-saving
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Synthesis,Characterization of NaA Zeolite from Blast Furnace Slag(BFS)via Alkaline Fusion and Hydrothermal Treatment
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作者 LI Changxin LI Xiaoya +1 位作者 LI Chaoyang LI Li 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第2期401-407,共7页
A blast furnace slag zeolite(BFSZ)material was successfully synthesized from BFS by alkaline fusion and hydrothermal treatment.Via the analyses of XRD,FT-IR,FE-SEM,XRF,CEC and BET surface area measurement,when zeolite... A blast furnace slag zeolite(BFSZ)material was successfully synthesized from BFS by alkaline fusion and hydrothermal treatment.Via the analyses of XRD,FT-IR,FE-SEM,XRF,CEC and BET surface area measurement,when zeolite was synthesized at a crystallization temperature of 100℃with initial Si/Al ratio of 1:1,the main composition in the product is Na-A zeolite.Under the above conditions,the BFSZ was synthesized with CEC of 3.06 meq/g and maximum BET surface area of 37.55 m^(2)·g^(-1).Moreover,the incorporating of BFS-derived minor metals(such as Mg,Fe,and Ca)are found to be of little importance for the synthesis of BFSZ.Thus the obtained BFSZ material has a great adsorption performance for removing Mn^(2+),Cu^(2+),and NH_(4)^(+)ions diluted in water,owing to the higher CEC. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace slag CONVERSION ZEOLITE CHARACTERIZATION ADSORPTION
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Preparation of UV-visible light responsive photocatalyst from titania-bearing blast furnace slag modified with(NH_4)_2SO_4 被引量:6
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作者 雷雪飞 薛向欣 杨合 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第7期1771-1777,共7页
Sulfate-modified titanium dioxide-bearing blast furnace slag(STBBFS) photocatalysts were prepared by the high energy ball milling method with(NH4)2SO4 and titanium dioxide-bearing blast furnace slag(TBBFS) as ra... Sulfate-modified titanium dioxide-bearing blast furnace slag(STBBFS) photocatalysts were prepared by the high energy ball milling method with(NH4)2SO4 and titanium dioxide-bearing blast furnace slag(TBBFS) as raw materials.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),UV-visible diffuse reflectance absorption spectra(UV-Vis),adsorption experiment and photocatalytic degradation measurement were conducted to characterize the structure,surface status,light absorption capacity,adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity of the obtained photocatalysts.The adsorption equilibrium was described by the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 8.25 mg/g of Cr(VI) ions onto the STBBFS photocatalysts.As a result,sulfation of TBBFS improved the photocatalytic activities of STBBFSx photocatalysts.At a low calcination temperature,the photocatalytic activity of STBBFS300 photocatalyst was markedly higher compared with TBBFSx prepared at high calcination temperature,indicating that the photocatalytic activity of STBBFSx photocatalyst was determined by the balanced result between adsorption capacity and perovskite content. 展开更多
关键词 sulfate modification titanium dioxide-bearing blast furnace slag Cr(VI) adsorption capacity photocatalytic activity
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Synthesis of (Ca, Mg)-α′-Sialon-AlN-BN powders from boron-rich blast furnace slag by microwave carbothermal reduction-nitridation 被引量:4
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作者 姜涛 薛向欣 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第12期2984-2990,共7页
(Ca, Mg)-α′-Sialon-AlN-BN powders were synthesized by the carbothermal reduction and nitridation (CRN) method using boron-rich slag, one of the intermediate products from pyrometallurgy separation of pageit, as the ... (Ca, Mg)-α′-Sialon-AlN-BN powders were synthesized by the carbothermal reduction and nitridation (CRN) method using boron-rich slag, one of the intermediate products from pyrometallurgy separation of pageit, as the staring material. The influences of synthesis temperature and holding time on the phase composition and microstructure during the microwave CRN were studied by XRD, SEM and EDS. The comparison between two heating techniques, conventional and microwave heating, on the synthesized powder was presented as well. The experimental results revealed that the phase compositions and microstructures of the synthesized products were greatly affected by the synthesis temperature and holding time. With an increase in the synthesis temperature or holding time, the relative amount of α′-Sialon increased and α′-Sialon became the main crystalline phase at 1400 °C for 6 h. The synthesized products also contained AlN, BN and a small amount of β-SiC. Elongated α′-Sialon grains, short rod AlN grains, aggregate nanoscale BN grains were observed in the synthesized powders. The reaction temperature of microwave heating method was reduced by 80 °C, the reaction time was shortened by 2 h, and more elongated α′-Sialon grains with large aspect ratio were observed. 展开更多
关键词 boron-rich blast furnace slag carbothermal reduction-nitridation MICROWAVE (Ca Mg)-α′-Sialon-AlN-BN POWDERS
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Mechanism of zinc damaging to blast furnace tuyere refractory 被引量:20
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作者 Xuefeng FANG Mansheng CHU +1 位作者 Fengman SHEN Zhuming ZHANG 《Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2009年第6期454-460,共7页
The phenomena of tuyere upward-warp have been found at No.6 blast furnace in Kunming Steel Company China after its blow-in, which has made a great impact on the practical production of the furnace. Thus, a number of e... The phenomena of tuyere upward-warp have been found at No.6 blast furnace in Kunming Steel Company China after its blow-in, which has made a great impact on the practical production of the furnace. Thus, a number of efforts have been made to elucidate the mechanism of this phenomenon. The results of investigation and tests revealed that the enrichment and expansion of zinc in the tuyere bricks is the main factor leading to the tuyere upward-warp. The eroding behavior of zinc is that the inner structure of the tuyere bricks turns from dense to loose with entering, enriching and expanding of zinc, which forms spot-like→stripe-like→ditch-like→vein-like→tumorlike eroding passage. Additionally, it is found that the sequence of deleterious ele- ments entering the tuyere refractory is K, Na, Zn and Pb, respectively. Finally, the phenomena and process of zinc crystallization and growth in the refractory have been clearly observed and recorded during this investigation. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace TUYERE REFRACTORY ZINC EROSION Deleterious elements
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Gasification kinetics of bulk coke in the CO2/CO/H2/H2O/N2 system simulating the atmosphere in the industrial blast furnace 被引量:12
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作者 Min-min Sun Jian-liang Zhang +3 位作者 Ke-jiang Li Ke Guo Zi-ming Wang Chun-he Jiang 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第10期1247-1257,共11页
The gasification characteristics and gasification kinetics of coke in complex CO2/CO/H2/H2O/N2 systems similar to the gas system of industrial blast furnace (BF) were studied by the method of isothermal thermogravimet... The gasification characteristics and gasification kinetics of coke in complex CO2/CO/H2/H2O/N2 systems similar to the gas system of industrial blast furnace (BF) were studied by the method of isothermal thermogravimetric analysis. The experimental gas compositions and the corresponding temperature were chosen according to data reported for industrial BFs. The gasification behavior of coke was described by the Random Pore Model (RPM), Volumetric Model (VM), and Grain Model (GM). Results showed that the gas composition of the coke gasification zone in BF changes slightly and that the temperature is the most important factor affecting coke gasification. The lower activation energy of coke samples (Coke Reaction Index (CRI)>50) is due to the high Fe2O3 in the ash, lower degree of graphitization, and larger pore structure. In addition, the choice of kinetic model does not differ substantially in describing the gasification mechanism of coke in a BF. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace COKE GASIFICATION kinetics gas SYSTEM
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Status and development of mineral wool made from molten blast furnace slag 被引量:16
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作者 XIAO Yongli LIU Yin LI Yongqian 《Baosteel Technical Research》 CAS 2011年第2期3-8,共6页
This study describes the characteristics of mineral wool and its applications,and also introduces the traditional process of mineral wool made from molten blast furnace (BF) slag. Compared with high energy consumpti... This study describes the characteristics of mineral wool and its applications,and also introduces the traditional process of mineral wool made from molten blast furnace (BF) slag. Compared with high energy consumption of the traditional process,the production of mineral wool by using molten BF slag will be able to take full advantage of the sensible heat of molten slag, and also reduce production costs. However, there are also further issues to resolve such as how to obtain the required amount of molten BF slag and how to make it homogeneous. Based on the physical and chemical properties of the molten BF slag,the investigation into the relationship between temperature and viscosity under different acidity coefficients of the slag and silicon mixture was conducted. Combined with the crystallization and phase diagram of slag wool, its heat resistance, water resistance, durability and corrosion resistance were analyzed. Finally, trends of the technology development are proposed. 展开更多
关键词 mineral wool molten blast furnace bf slag fibering characteristics
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Numerical Simulation of Innovative Operation of Blast Furnace Based on Multi-Fluid Model 被引量:11
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作者 CHU Man-sheng YANG Xue-feng +2 位作者 SHEN Feng-man YAGI jun-ichiro NOGAMI Hiroshi 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第6期8-15,共8页
A multi-fluid blast furnace model was simply introduced and was used to simulate several innovative ironmaking operations. The simulation results show that injecting hydrogen bearing materials, especially injecting na... A multi-fluid blast furnace model was simply introduced and was used to simulate several innovative ironmaking operations. The simulation results show that injecting hydrogen bearing materials, especially injecting natural gas and plastics, the hydrogen reduction is enhanced, and the furnace performance is improved simultaneously. Total heat input shows obvious decrease due to the decrease of heat consumption in direct reduction, solution loss and silicon transfer reactions. If carbon composite agglomerates are charged into the furnace, the temperature of thermal reserve zone will obviously decrease, and the reduction of iron-bearing burden materials will be retarded. However, the efficiency of blast furnace is improved just due to the decrease in heat requirements for solution loss, sinter reduction, and silicon transfer reactions, and less heat loss through top gas and furnace wall. Finally, the model is used to investigate the performance of blast furnace under the condition of top gas recycling together with plastics injection, cold oxygen blasting and carbon composite agglomerate charging. The lower furnace temperature, extremely accelerated reduction rate, drastically decreased CO2 emission and remarkably enhanced heat efficiency were obtained by using the innovative operations, and the blast furnace operation with superhigh efficiency can be realized. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace innovative ironmaking technology multi-fluid blast furnace model
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Formation mechanism of the protective layer in a blast furnace hearth 被引量:9
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作者 Ke-xin Jiao Jian-liang Zhang +2 位作者 Zheng-jian Liu Meng Xu Feng Liu 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第10期1017-1024,共8页
A variety of techniques, such as chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, were applied to characterize the adhesion protective layer formed below the blast... A variety of techniques, such as chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, were applied to characterize the adhesion protective layer formed below the blast furnace taphole level when a certain amount of titanium-bearing burden was used. Samples of the protective layer were extracted to identify the chemical composition, phase assemblage, andistribution. Furthermore, the formation mechanism of the protective layer was determined after clarifying the source of each componenFinally, a technical strategy was proposed for achieving a stable protective layer in the hearth. The results show that the protective layemainly exists in a bilayer form in the sidewall, namely, a titanium-bearing layer and a graphite layer. Both the layers contain the slag phaswhose major crystalline phase is magnesium melilite(Ca2Mg Si2O7) and the main source of the slag phase is coke ash. It is clearly determinethat solid particles such as graphite, Ti(C,N) and Mg Al2O4play an important role in the formation of the protective layer, and the key factofor promoting the formation of a stable protective layer is reasonable control of the evolution behavior of coke. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnaces HEARTHS protective layers electroch
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Influence of aluminium nitride as a foaming agent on the preparation of foam glass-ceramics from high-titanium blast furnace slag 被引量:9
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作者 Huan Shi Ke-qin Feng +2 位作者 Hai-bo Wang Chang-hong Chen Hong-ling Zhou 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第5期595-600,共6页
To effectively reuse high-titanium blast furnace slag (TS), foam glass-ceramics were successfully prepared by powder sintering at 1000℃. TS and waste glass were used as the main raw materials, aluminium nitride (... To effectively reuse high-titanium blast furnace slag (TS), foam glass-ceramics were successfully prepared by powder sintering at 1000℃. TS and waste glass were used as the main raw materials, aluminium nitride (AIN) as the foaming agent, and borax as the fluxing agent. The influence of the amount of A1N added (lwt%-5wt%) on the crystalline phases, microstructure, and properties of the produced foam glass-ceramics was studied. The results showed that the main crystal phases were perovskite, diopside, and augite. With increasing A1N content, a transformation from diopside to augite occurred and the crystallinity of the pyroxene phases slightly decreased. Initially, the aver- age pore size and porosity of the foam glass-ceramics increased and subsequently decreased; similarly, their bulk density and compressive strength decreased and subsequently increased. The optimal properties were obtained when the foam glass-ceramics were prepared by adding 4wt% AIN. 展开更多
关键词 blast furnace slag aluminium nitride powder sintering foam GLASS-CERAMICS CRYSTALLIZATION
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Effects and mechanisms of fluorite on the co-reduction of blast furnace dust and seaside titanomagnetite 被引量:7
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作者 Tian-yang Hu Ti-chang Sun +2 位作者 Jue Kou Chao Geng Yong-qiang Zhao 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第11期1201-1210,共10页
The co-reduction roasting and grinding-magnetic separation of seaside titanomagnetite and blast furnace dust was investigated with and without fluorite addition at a reduction roasting temperature of 1250°C for 6... The co-reduction roasting and grinding-magnetic separation of seaside titanomagnetite and blast furnace dust was investigated with and without fluorite addition at a reduction roasting temperature of 1250°C for 60 min, a grinding fineness of-43 μm accounting for 69.02 wt% of the total, and a low-intensity magnetic field strength of 151 kA/m. The mineral composition, microstructure, and state of the roasted products were analyzed, and the concentrations of CO and CO_2 were analyzed in the co-reduction roasting. Better results were achieved with a small fluorite dosage(≤4 wt%) in the process of co-reduction. In addition, F^- was found to reduce the melting point and viscosity of the slag phase because of the high content of aluminate and silicate minerals in the blast furnace dust. The low moisture content of the blast furnace dust and calcic minerals inhibited the hydrolysis of CaF_2 and the loss of F^-. Compared with the blast furnace dust from Chengdeng, the blast furnace dusts from Jiugang and Jinxin inhibited the diffusion of F-when used as reducing agents, leading to weaker effects of fluorite. 展开更多
关键词 seaside TITANOMAGNETITE blast furnace dust co-reduction ROASTING FLUORITE MECHANISMS
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