The structural changes and reduction degree of chromite ore in blast furnace were studied by optical micrograph analysis,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDXA).The smelting reducti...The structural changes and reduction degree of chromite ore in blast furnace were studied by optical micrograph analysis,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDXA).The smelting reduction mechanism of chromite in blast furnace was primarily discussed.展开更多
The strong global demand for iron and steel has necessitated the utilization of various low grade iron ores, which are not suitable for direct utilization in ironmaking processes. The low grade iron ores cannot be dre...The strong global demand for iron and steel has necessitated the utilization of various low grade iron ores, which are not suitable for direct utilization in ironmaking processes. The low grade iron ores cannot be dressed effectively using the traditional mineral processing methods because of complicated min-eral compositions. The main problem associated with exploiting these deposits is the dissemination of fine silicate minerals and the high level of phosphorus content due to the poor liberation of iron minerals from the gangues. The pre-sent manuscript is aimed to investigate reduction properties of iron ores rich in phosphorous in order to study the suitability of using these ores in iron blast furnace. Representative technological samples of iron ore are collected from Eastern South Aswan iron ore mine in Egypt. The principal gangue contents are SiO2 7.76%, and P2O5 1.13%. Iron and phosphorus exist in the form of hematite 78% and apatite respectively. The ore was fired at 1000°C for 3 hours. The green and fired samples were isothermally reduced at conditions which closely represent the theoretical reduction conditions in different zones of blast furnace. The influence of reduction conditions on the reduction behaviour and the morphology of the reduced samples were investigated. After reduction apatite is changed to Calcium phosphate beside fayalite and quartz. The reduction rate of fired samples is greater than that for the green ones and that was confirmed by morphological examination. At cohesive zone condition, the effect of firing on reduction characteristics cannot be distinguished.展开更多
Cohesive zone plays a vital role in the stable operation of a blast furnace(BF),yet the complex phase change process of iron ore particles in this zone is still not well understood.In this study,a novel one-dimensiona...Cohesive zone plays a vital role in the stable operation of a blast furnace(BF),yet the complex phase change process of iron ore particles in this zone is still not well understood.In this study,a novel one-dimensional(1D)unsteady phase change model was developed to elucidate the heat transfer and melting mechanisms of iron ore particles.After model validation,the effects of several key operating parameters(e.g.,particle diameter,gas velocity,initial temperature)on the phase change behavior of iron ore particles were analyzed,and the joint effect of multiple parameters was discussed.The results show that larger-sized iron ore particles possess lower specific surface areas,which in turn reduces their convective heat absorption capacity.Consequently,the distance from the solid-liquid phase interface to the particle surface increases,thereby slowing down the movement of the phase interface and pro-longing the melting duration of the particles.Increasing the gas velocity and the initial temperature does not have a significant impact on reducing the duration of the complete melting process.Under the specified conditions,it is observed that increasing the gas velocity by 3-fold and 9-fold results in a reduction of the melting duration by 2.4%and 8.3%,respectively.Elevating the initial temperature of iron ore particles results in a decrease in the core-to-surface temperature difference,a slower heating rate,and a shorter duration to achieve melting.Among the factors affecting the melting process,the particle diameter is found to be the most significant in terms of the liquid phase precipitation,mushy zone thickness,and core-to-surface temperature difference of iron ore particles.展开更多
The effects of gas composition, temperature, ore to coke ratio and prereduction rate of ore on coke degradation were studied. The results showed that 1% increment in solution loss of coke reduces coke strength by 0.6%...The effects of gas composition, temperature, ore to coke ratio and prereduction rate of ore on coke degradation were studied. The results showed that 1% increment in solution loss of coke reduces coke strength by 0.6%, and the coke degradation is accelerated with the temperature. The higher the temperature, the more coke surface is involved in reactions, and the less negative effect on coke strength is. Hydrogen exerts stronger effect on coke degradation than CO at high temperature. The coke degradation is decreased with the reduction of ore to coke ratio and increase of ore prereduction rate.展开更多
As a new type of ironmaking raw materials,carbon composite iron ore hot briquette(CCB) is the product of fine iron ore and fine coal by hot briquetting process.On basis of experimental research on the manufacturing an...As a new type of ironmaking raw materials,carbon composite iron ore hot briquette(CCB) is the product of fine iron ore and fine coal by hot briquetting process.On basis of experimental research on the manufacturing and metallurgical properties of CCB,this study focused on the application of CCB to blast furnace ironmaking and newly-developed shaft furnace smelting reduction processes.Firstly,the metallurgical properties of CCB are experimentally tested and compared with the common iron-bearing burdens.Then,the effects of charging CCB on blast furnace operation are numerically analyzed by means of multi-fluid blast furnace model,and the flowchart and pilot test of CCB-Shaft furnace smelting reduction process are briefly introduced.展开更多
The reduction process of MgO-fluxed pellets was investigated and compared with traditional acidic pellets in this paper. Based on the piston flow concept and experimental data, a kinetic model fitting for the gas-soli...The reduction process of MgO-fluxed pellets was investigated and compared with traditional acidic pellets in this paper. Based on the piston flow concept and experimental data, a kinetic model fitting for the gas-solid phase reduction of pellets in tubular reactors （blast furnace, BF） was built up, and the equations of reduction reaction rate were given for pellets. A series of reduction experiments of pellets were carried out to verify the model. As a result, the experimental data and calculated result were fitted well. Therefore, this model can well describe the gas-solid phase reduction process and calculate the reduction reaction rate of pellets. Besides, it can give a better explanation that the reduction reaction rate （reducibility） of MgO-fluxed pellets is better than that of traditional acidic pellets in BF.展开更多
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51074036)
文摘The structural changes and reduction degree of chromite ore in blast furnace were studied by optical micrograph analysis,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDXA).The smelting reduction mechanism of chromite in blast furnace was primarily discussed.
文摘The strong global demand for iron and steel has necessitated the utilization of various low grade iron ores, which are not suitable for direct utilization in ironmaking processes. The low grade iron ores cannot be dressed effectively using the traditional mineral processing methods because of complicated min-eral compositions. The main problem associated with exploiting these deposits is the dissemination of fine silicate minerals and the high level of phosphorus content due to the poor liberation of iron minerals from the gangues. The pre-sent manuscript is aimed to investigate reduction properties of iron ores rich in phosphorous in order to study the suitability of using these ores in iron blast furnace. Representative technological samples of iron ore are collected from Eastern South Aswan iron ore mine in Egypt. The principal gangue contents are SiO2 7.76%, and P2O5 1.13%. Iron and phosphorus exist in the form of hematite 78% and apatite respectively. The ore was fired at 1000°C for 3 hours. The green and fired samples were isothermally reduced at conditions which closely represent the theoretical reduction conditions in different zones of blast furnace. The influence of reduction conditions on the reduction behaviour and the morphology of the reduced samples were investigated. After reduction apatite is changed to Calcium phosphate beside fayalite and quartz. The reduction rate of fired samples is greater than that for the green ones and that was confirmed by morphological examination. At cohesive zone condition, the effect of firing on reduction characteristics cannot be distinguished.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China project(grant No.52264042,51904122)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funding(grant No.2021M690975)+2 种基金the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(grant No.20212BDH81001,20212BAB214023,20223AAG01009,20214BBG74005)Opening Research Projects of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy(grant No.K22-03&04)Research Project from Xiangtan Iron and Steel Corporation of Hunan Hualing and Nanchang 100-100 Plan Foundation for financial support to this work.
文摘Cohesive zone plays a vital role in the stable operation of a blast furnace(BF),yet the complex phase change process of iron ore particles in this zone is still not well understood.In this study,a novel one-dimensional(1D)unsteady phase change model was developed to elucidate the heat transfer and melting mechanisms of iron ore particles.After model validation,the effects of several key operating parameters(e.g.,particle diameter,gas velocity,initial temperature)on the phase change behavior of iron ore particles were analyzed,and the joint effect of multiple parameters was discussed.The results show that larger-sized iron ore particles possess lower specific surface areas,which in turn reduces their convective heat absorption capacity.Consequently,the distance from the solid-liquid phase interface to the particle surface increases,thereby slowing down the movement of the phase interface and pro-longing the melting duration of the particles.Increasing the gas velocity and the initial temperature does not have a significant impact on reducing the duration of the complete melting process.Under the specified conditions,it is observed that increasing the gas velocity by 3-fold and 9-fold results in a reduction of the melting duration by 2.4%and 8.3%,respectively.Elevating the initial temperature of iron ore particles results in a decrease in the core-to-surface temperature difference,a slower heating rate,and a shorter duration to achieve melting.Among the factors affecting the melting process,the particle diameter is found to be the most significant in terms of the liquid phase precipitation,mushy zone thickness,and core-to-surface temperature difference of iron ore particles.
文摘The effects of gas composition, temperature, ore to coke ratio and prereduction rate of ore on coke degradation were studied. The results showed that 1% increment in solution loss of coke reduces coke strength by 0.6%, and the coke degradation is accelerated with the temperature. The higher the temperature, the more coke surface is involved in reactions, and the less negative effect on coke strength is. Hydrogen exerts stronger effect on coke degradation than CO at high temperature. The coke degradation is decreased with the reduction of ore to coke ratio and increase of ore prereduction rate.
文摘As a new type of ironmaking raw materials,carbon composite iron ore hot briquette(CCB) is the product of fine iron ore and fine coal by hot briquetting process.On basis of experimental research on the manufacturing and metallurgical properties of CCB,this study focused on the application of CCB to blast furnace ironmaking and newly-developed shaft furnace smelting reduction processes.Firstly,the metallurgical properties of CCB are experimentally tested and compared with the common iron-bearing burdens.Then,the effects of charging CCB on blast furnace operation are numerically analyzed by means of multi-fluid blast furnace model,and the flowchart and pilot test of CCB-Shaft furnace smelting reduction process are briefly introduced.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51374061 and 51074040)
文摘The reduction process of MgO-fluxed pellets was investigated and compared with traditional acidic pellets in this paper. Based on the piston flow concept and experimental data, a kinetic model fitting for the gas-solid phase reduction of pellets in tubular reactors （blast furnace, BF） was built up, and the equations of reduction reaction rate were given for pellets. A series of reduction experiments of pellets were carried out to verify the model. As a result, the experimental data and calculated result were fitted well. Therefore, this model can well describe the gas-solid phase reduction process and calculate the reduction reaction rate of pellets. Besides, it can give a better explanation that the reduction reaction rate （reducibility） of MgO-fluxed pellets is better than that of traditional acidic pellets in BF.
