Analysis of Building Construction Quality Control and Safety Management

Quality control and safety management are two very important contents in building construction project management.Once the construction quality is not up to standard or a safety accident occurs,the economic benefits of the project will be severely impacted.However,there are still some problems in the quality and safety management of the project.In this paper the problems in construction quality control and safety management are analyzed,and effective countermeasures are put forward,in hopes to help improve construction quality and safety.

Safety and Quality Control on Imported Commodities

Following economic development and improved living standards in China in recent years, there has been a growing demand for foreign durable goods and household electrical appliances and motor cycles. However, some imported consumer goods have serious safety and quality defects.

A holistic strategy for quality and safety control of traditional Chinese medicines by the “iVarious” standard system

An effective quality control system is the key to ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs). However, the current quality standard research lacks top-level design and systematic design,mostly based on specific technologies or evaluation methods. To resolve the challenges and questions of quality control of TCMs, a brand-new quality standard system, named "iVarious", was proposed. The system comprises eight elements in a modular format. Meaning of every element was specifically illustrated via corresponding research instances. Furthermore, frankincense study was taken as an example for demonstrating standards and research process, based on the "i Various" system. This system highlighted a holistic strategy for effectiveness,security, integrity and systematization of quality and safety control standards of TCMs. The establishment of"i Various" integrates multi-disciplinary technologies and progressive methods, basis elements and key points of standard construction. The system provides a novel idea and technological demonstration for regulation establishment of TCMs quality standards.

Analysis of Quality Control and Safety Management in Electrical Engineering

In the development process of the society nowadays,electrical engineering has been widely used with remarkable results,but there are still some problems in the course of actual management,which requires effective technical measures to control the quality in electrical engineering and the enhancement of safety management work.Therefore,in order to better ensure safety management requirements in electrical engineering and strengthen related trainings and thus better carried out safety management and quality control to meet respective requirements in the real world,in this paper,a brief analysis is conducted in quality control and safety management in electrical engineering.

Study on Quality and Safety Trust Early Warning of Dairy Products Based on Statistical Process Control

In order to solve such problems as lack of dynamic evaluation system in evaluation of quality and safety trust of dairy products,and weak awareness of prevention,it is necessary to introduce the statistical process control into the quality and safety trust evaluation system of dairy products,and establish quality and safety trust early warning model for dairy products,so as to determine the control limit of control chart and carry out early warning according to eight criteria. According to the empirical results,the statistical process control is helpful for finding the hidden process risks and providing the necessary basis for enterprises taking positive measures to raise the confidence of consumers.

Quality Control and Nonclinical Research on CAR-T Cell Products: General Principles and Key Issues

Adoptive cell therapy using chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells, which is a promising cancer immunotherapy strategy, has been developing very rapidly in recent years. CAR-T cells are genetically modified T cells that can specifically recognize tumor specific antigens on the surface of tumor cells, and then effectively kill tumor cells. At present, exciting results are being achieved in clinical applications of CAR-T cells for patients with hematological malignancies. The research and development of CAR-T cells for various targets and for the treatment of solid tumors have become a hot topic worldwide, so an increasing number of investigational new drug applications (INDAs) and new drug applications (NDAs) of CAR-T cell products are expected to be submitted in future. The quality control and nonclinical research of these products are of great significance in ensuring the safety and effectiveness of these products;however, they also present great challenges and difficulties. This article discusses the general principles of and key issues regarding the quality control and nonclinical research of CAR-T cell products based on their product characteristics and on relevant guidelines for gene and cell therapy products.

Exploration of Factors Influencing Oolong Quality and Control Technology in Anxi County

In the research, harmful substances to oolong in Anxi were introduced and production environment, agricultural residual, heavy metal and rare earth ele-ments of oolong in Anxi were analyzed. Furthermore, the factors influencing oolong quality were explored, and the control measures for guaranteeing oolong safety were proposed.

Blast-induced rock damage control in Fangchenggang nuclear power station, China

In the process of blasting excavation, stress wave propagation and gas expansion can basically induce damage to surrounding rocks, which is detrimental to rock mass integrity and engineering safety. In this case, evaluation and control of blast-induced effects are essential to the safety of nearby buildings and integrity of bedrock in blasting field. In Fangchenggang nuclear power station of China, the drill-and- blast method was employed for bedrock excavation. In order to reduce the blast-induced damage zone, the wave propagation and associated damage to rock mass should be carefully investigated. In this paper, the wave propagation regressively obtained from field monitoring data was presented based on empirical formula （e.g. Sadovsloj formula）. The relationship between the peak particle velocity （PPV） at a distance of 30 m away from the charge hole and charge per delay in blast design was derived. Meanwhile, the acoustic tests before and after blasting were conducted to determine the damage depth of rock mass. The charge per delay in blast design was then calibrated based on the blast-induced wave propagation regularity. The results showed that a satisfactory effect was achieved on blast-induced damage control of rock mass. This could be helpful to rock damage control in similar blasting projects.

The Current Situation of Quality Supervision and Production Safety of Aquatic Products in Nanjing City

In recent years, the work of quality supervision and production safety of aquatic products in Nanjing City has been carried out rapidly, and the system of "origin exit, market access, sign traceability, real-time monitoring" has been basically formed, initially realizing the whole-process monitoring on the quality safety of aquatic products from "pond to table". We take the current situation of quality supervision and production safety of aquatic products in Nanjing City as the study object, take the basic work of supervision on aquatic products in Nanjing City and advancing both in scope and in depth as breakthrough point, to sum up the results achieved in the work of quality supervision and production safety of aquatic products in Nanjing City in recent years; make initial exploration and research, in order to consolidate the existing achievements, and further enhance the level of supervision on quality safety of aquatic products in Nanjing City.

2022年度国家康复医疗服务与质量安全报告

目的 从医疗机构康复医疗服务结构、环节和结局质量等方面,分析2021年全国综合医院康复医学科和康复医院的医疗服务和质量安全情况。方法 本报告数据来源于国家医疗质量管理与控制信息系统。2022年度调查共纳入全国9 328家医疗机构的康复医疗质量相关数据,涵盖全部二级以上综合医院、康复医院,也包含中医和中西医结合综合医院。数据清洗后实际纳入2 513家配置康复医学科病房的医院数据,对其进行康复医疗服务质量分析。结果 在2022年度纳入调查的9 328家综合医院中,仅2 713家设置有康复医学科病房。综合医院中,56.77%医院的平均每床配置医师数、80.36%医院的平均每床配置康复治疗师数、53.53%医院的平均每床配置护士数未达到国家要求,且各地区康复医学科每床平均配置康复医务人员数差距较大。综合医院骨科、神经内科和重症医学科病房早期康复介入率分别为13.45%、20.67%和29.74%。综合医院康复医学科出院患者平均日常生活活动能力改善率为77.87%,康复医院为69.01%。结论 2021年我国康复医疗服务和质量安全整体稳中有升,但全国多数综合医院仍未配置康复医学科病房,且康复医务人员总量未满足要求,康复早期介入仍有较大提升空间,重点评定和治疗项目开展存在欠缺,康复治疗效果尚有提升空间。需持续推动康复医疗服务能力建设,进一步提升康复医疗质量。

山区铁路隧道钻爆法施工安全风险演化路径及防控研究

山区铁路隧道钻爆法施工安全风险突出,探索安全风险演化路径并提出安全风险防控措施,对减少安全事故发生意义重大。针对山区铁路隧道钻爆法施工特点,运用文本挖掘分析历史安全事故资料、铁路标准规范资料、现场安全风险评估报告、相关研究文献资料等,结合“4M1E”理论和专家经验识别山区铁路隧道钻爆法施工主要安全风险因素和安全风险事件。采用质性分析法,结合现场调研和专家访谈,提取安全风险因素间、安全风险事件间、安全风险因素及事件间相互关系,构建山区铁路隧道钻爆法施工安全风险演化网络模型。基于风险演化理论、复杂网络理论等,利用度中心性、介数中心性、聚类系数、特征向量中心性、中间中心度等多项指标分析山区铁路隧道钻爆法施工安全风险演化网络节点重要度、边的关键性,从而确定关键链演化路径,并提出安全风险防控措施。研究结果表明:山区铁路隧道钻爆法施工安全风险包括人员、设备、技术、管理、环境5类共41个主要安全风险因素和塌方、突泥涌水等6个主要安全风险事件,确定了安全风险演化网络中8个关键节点、20条关键边和3条关键链,针对关键链风险演化路径提出了安全风险防控措施,为提高山区铁路隧道钻爆法施工安全风险管理水平提供参考。

科技创新推动茶叶质量安全全程管控能力提升

现阶段我国茶叶质量安全水平高,饮茶安全有保障。茶叶饮用安全得益于茶叶科技创新日益发展,茶园绿色防控技术、清洁化茶叶加工技术、茶叶质量安全精准检测技术与风险评估理论创新,将茶叶质量安全从末端监管调整到从茶园到茶杯的全过程,为茶叶质量安全风险监测、风险控制与风险管理提供强有力的科学支撑。性诱剂化学生态防控技术、杀虫灯与诱虫色板物理诱杀技术、茶尺蠖与茶毛虫病毒生物防治技术、以草抑草绿色除草技术等茶园绿色防控技术从源头提升了茶叶农药残留控制水平;清洁化能源加热替代传统的燃煤燃材加热方式,显著降低了茶叶加工中环境污染物和重金属等有害物质的污染;质谱创新技术将茶叶质量安全检测提升到高通量精准检测与非靶向筛查水平,速测创新技术前移了茶叶农药残留的监测环节。文章介绍了近年来我国茶叶质量安全水平,分析了科技创新对茶叶质量安全全程管控能力提升的推动作用。

食品安全检验实验室管理及质量控制的强化措施探究

食品安全检验实验室的主要工作是对食品进行检验,依据食品检验数据对食品安全水平进行精准判定。食品安全实验室管理和质量控制对最终检测结果有直接影响,因此需要确保食品安全检验实验室的管理有效性和检验质量的合理控制。基于此,本文针对食品安全检验实验室管理和质量控制的相关措施进行探究,以期强化实验室管理质量和食品安全检测质量,为食品安全提供可靠保障和支持。

复杂环境下秀江双桥控制爆破拆除

为在复杂环境下对两座200 m钢筋砼桥梁(连续梁老桥与拱形新桥)实施控制爆破,选择双桥桥墩、连续梁腹板及双曲拱桥拱脚为爆破部位,破坏桥梁的主要承重部位。采用深孔桥墩爆破和浅孔主梁爆破相结合的爆破方法,降低施工安全风险并提高施工效率。其中,深孔桥墩爆破采用由桥面向桥墩的大直径垂直炮孔,克服了桥墩圆弧面对最小抵抗线计算的影响,减少了钻孔工作量。设计起爆方式为梁桥同方向逐跨分段延期起爆,即:两桥由南向北同向逐跨起爆,每跨之间等间隔延时,同时两桥之间设计50 ms的延时间隔(新桥的起爆时间比老桥延后50 ms)。为减少爆破振动及塌落振动,采用毫秒延时控制爆破,最小抵抗线方向背离较近岸边保护对象。此外,为控制爆破飞石,采用了桥台堆沙袋,爆破体进行钢丝网捆扎并用多层竹笆覆盖的防护措施。起爆后,大桥逐跨坍塌,被爆桥体塌落解体较充分,塌落振动及飞石控制效果良好。

PDCA管理循环对医务人员手卫生及院感率的影响

目的探讨“计划-实施-检查-处理”(plan-docheck-act,PDCA)管理循环方式对医务人员手卫生依从性及院感发生率的影响。方法随机选取茂名市人民医院50名医务人员实施PDCA管理循环。比较实施前(2021年1—12月,对照组)、实施后(2022年1—12月,观察组)医务人员的手卫生依从性、手卫生知识考试成绩、合格率、院感发生率。结果观察组在手卫生依从性方面表现卓越,接触患者前后、周围环境后、无菌操作前、体液暴露后的洗手率分别为88.89%、93.06%、61.67%、83.89%、96.11%,显著高于对照组的76.94%、80.33%、44.44%、65.00%、88.89%(P<0.05)。观察组手卫生知识考试得分和合格率分别为(91.28±12.15)分和96.00%,高于对照组的(82.37±10.23)分和76.00%(P<0.05)。观察组的感染例次率(1.39%)明显低于对照组(6.39%)(P<0.05)。结论PDCA管理循环方式可提高医务人员手卫生依从性,同时可提升手卫生知识水平,降低院感发生率,为提升医疗安全水平提供了有效策略。

典型特种设备质控数字化关键技术研究与应用概述

特种设备在各行各业被广泛使用,作为国民经济的重要基础装备,存在量大面广、重要性高、危险性大等特征,设备快速增长导致防控资源不足、质控效能不高。近几年,随着人工智能等新一代数字化技术的发展,为特种设备质量安全风险防控效能提升带来新的契机,为特种设备监管、检验、应急、维保等开辟新型业务模式奠定了技术基础。本文主要介绍“典型特种设备质控数字化关键技术研究与应用”项目的背景、目标、方案、路线、内容、创新、成果和效益等相关内容。

食品质量与安全控制专题课程案例教学改革探索

以农业硕士食品加工与安全领域核心课程——食品质量与安全控制专题为例,在案例教学目标、案例教学框架、案例教学过程等方面进行了探索,以期为精品教学案例建设提供基础,服务高层次实践创新型人才培养。

“岗课赛证”融通培养高职食品品控人才的探索

“岗课赛证”融通育人是食品行业深度变革的要求,是新时期食品品控技术技能人才培养的需要,也是职业教育类型特征的体现。“岗课赛证”融通育人需遵循系统设计、课程本位、动态调整等原则,一体化设计“基础+核心+拓展”专业课程体系,对照标准构建融通型模块化课程内容,通过“班校省国”四级技能比赛体系进行教学方法改革,依据岗位适应性构建全生命周期教学评价体系,可显著增强高职食品品控人才培养的适应性。

食品安全生产中的质量控制与管理研究

食品安全是公众健康和社会稳定的重要保障。本文深入探讨食品安全生产中质量控制与管理的理论与实践,分析现存问题,并提出针对性改进措施。

基于区块链技术的农产品冷链物流优化策略研究

该文从降低成本、便于追溯、加强信任、防止伪造及监管智能化等多个角度分析“区块链+冷链物流”的主要优势,有利于解决农产品冷链物流效率低下、信用缺失、产品质量安全难追溯等突出问题。利用区块链技术,结合全球定位系统、全程冷链流通技术、全程温控技术,提出研究构建基于区块链技术的生鲜农产品冷链物流供应链系统、虚拟智能交易系统、新型物流数据体系、真实安全的物流信用体系的设想及发展思路,重塑冷链物流新模式。