In vivo hypoglycemic investigation, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic potentials of Pereskia bleo Kunth. in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Objective: To elucidate the in vivo hypoglycemic capability, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Pereskia bleo(Kunth) leaves extracts and bioactive fraction. Methods: The various solvent extracts of Pereskia bleo were investigated for the hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities using a relevant in vivo normal rat model and streptozotocininduced diabetic rat model with glibenclamide and metformin utilized as positive controls. The effects of the most potent extract and its bioactive fraction on the insulin level, lipid profile and body weight of the diabetic rats were also analyzed. Results: All the extracts showed no hypoglycemic effect while petroleum ether, chloroform and aqueous extracts demonstrated significant(P<0.05) reduction in blood sugar level in the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Aqueous extract and aqueous fraction significantly(P<0.05) reduced the blood glucose level in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats as early as day 6 compared to the diabetic control as well as significantly restored the serum insulin of diabetic rats. Moreover, the aqueous extract and aqueous fraction disclosed a significant(P<0.05) reduction in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels. An elevation in high-density lipoprotein as well as improved body weight loss of the diabetic rats were also observed. Conclusions: In summary, Pereskia bleo appears effective in the management of diabetes and correlated impairments arising from high blood sugar level. Further studies will possibly bring about the discovery of effective and secure plant derived antidiabetic drugs.

内毒素与博莱霉素所致肺损伤及纤维化的病理改变

目的:探讨内毒素与博莱霉素所致肺损伤的病理特征及肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞形态和功能的变化。方法:将60只SD大鼠随机分为内毒素组、博莱霉素组、对照组,内毒素组经尾静脉注射内毒素5 mg/kg,博莱霉素组给予气管内注入博莱霉素5 mg/kg,对照组气管内及尾静脉注入等体积的生理盐水。分别于给药后的第3,7,14,28天处死5只。肺组织HE染色及Masson染色行病理组织学检查及电镜观察其超微结构的改变。结果:内毒素组早期肺泡炎较重,短期内恢复正常,肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞主要表现为线粒体的水肿,板层小体的脱颗粒,增生不明显。博莱霉素组早期肺泡炎,随之出现纤维化,并逐渐加重。Ⅱ型上皮细胞变性坏死,线粒体破坏。结论:内毒素与博莱霉素虽均可导致肺损伤,前者恢复正常,后者演变成肺纤维化,可能与肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞损伤的程度有关。