Haematological and Biochemical Indices of Finisher Broiler Chickens Fed Graded Levels of Spurge Weeds (Euphorbia heterophylla) Leaf Meal

The study aimed to investigate the Haematological and Serum Biochemical indices of finisher broiler chickens fed graded levels of Euphorbia heterophylla leaf meal (EHLM) also known as spurge weed. The birds were allotted into six dietary treatments of ten birds segregated into three replicates each. The diets formulated with EHLM were included at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% levels in diets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively to replace soybean. Each treatment was replicated three times in a completely randomized design. Uncoagulated blood samples were collected from the birds at the end of the 56 days feeding trial and analysed for packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentrate (Hb), red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC). The mean corpuscular haemoglobin volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were calculated using PCV, RBC and Hb. The blood meant for serological analysis was centrifuged at 1000 G for 10 minutes, after which the serum was separated and used for determining serum total protein (Tp), Albumin, Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). The results revealed that the control group had significantly higher values of PCV, RBC, and Hb compared to other treatment groups. However, the values of MCV, MCH, lymphocytes, heterophils, and eosinophils were similar to the control. The biochemical parameters showed significant differences among treatment groups, but not significantly different from the control. The study concluded that EHLM may not pose a health challenge to broiler chickens at levels of 5 - 15 percent, but improved health, immunity and performance can be achieved at the 15% inclusion level.

Effects of Milk Replacer on the Performance and Blood Biochemical Indices in Lambs

[Objective] In this study, the performance and blood biochemical indices in lamps fed on milk replacer were researched, the feasibility of early weaned in lamps was discussed. [Method] 37 of 10 days lambs of Suffolk（♂） x XiaoWeiHanYang（ ♀ ） were randomly divided into group A, B, C, D for this experiment. Group A, B, C were fed by 3 milk-replacers containing milk for different protein source respectively, and ten Iambs in each group; group D （seven lambs） were fed by ewes as the control. The performance and blood biochemical indices of the lamps were determined. [ Result] The results showed that the average daily gains of 10 - 15 days of age was not significantly different between group A and D （ P 〉 O. 05 ）, the control were higher significandy than the group B,C （P 〈0.05）. The average daily gains of 16 -25, 26 -35 days of age were not significantly different in group A, B, C, D. The daily weight gains of Group A, B, C in 45 - 55 days of age were higher significantly than the control （P〈0.05 ）. Plasma urea nitrogen （PUN） of group B and C were higher than group A significantly （P〈0.05 ） ;Total protein （ TP）, Plasma albumin （ALB） and Plasma total amino acid were no significant difference among the other 3 groups （P〉0.05 ）. [Conclusion] So, the milk-replacers were available for early-weaned lamb.

The influences of SE infection on layers' production performance,egg quality and blood biochemical indicators

Background： Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis （SE）, as a major cause of foodborn illness, infects humans mainly through the egg. However, the symptom of laying hens usually is not typical and hard to diagnosis. In the present study, it is studied that the influences of SE infection on layers＇ performance, egg quality and blood biochemical indicators. It will help us to improve the strategy to control SE infection in commercial layers. One hundred layers at 20 wk of age were divided into 2 groups, 60 hens for experiment and others for control. The experiment group was fed with the dosage of 108 CFU SE per hen. The specific PCR was used to detect the deposition of SE. On the 8 d after SE infection, 10 hens from the control group and 30 hens from the experimenta group were slaughtered to detect the SE colonization. The production performance, egg quality and blood biochemical indices were also analyzed. Results： The results showed that the colonization rate of SE was highest in caecum contents （55.17%） and lowest in vagina （17.24%）. For the eggs the detection rate of SE was highest on the eggshell （80.00%） and lowest in yolk （18.81%）. SE infection had no significant influence on production performance and egg qualities （P 〉 0.05）. The difference of laying rate between the experimental and control groups was less than 0.30%, and both were approximately equal to 82.00%. The blood analysis showed that the aspartic aminotransferase （AST） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） of experimental group was significantly higher than those of control group （P 〈 0.05）. For experimental and control groups AST values were 236.22 U/I and 211.84 U/I respectively, and ALT values were 32.19 U/I and 24.55 U/I. All of coefficients were less than 20%. The colonization of SE in organs increases the enzyme activities of AST and ALT in blood. Conclusions： SE in feed could invade the oviduct and infect the forming eggs. It significantly increased the concentration of ALT and AST in blood. However,SE infection was hard to be observed from the appearances of layer and egg. It might be a dangerous risk to human health.

Influence of Exercise at High Temperature on Blood Biochemical Indexes and HSP72 Expression in Adult Males

The influence of exercise at high temperature on adult males＇ routine blood indexes and biochemical indexes and the expression of HSP72 in peripheral blood lymphocytes （PBLs） was studied in order to provide theoretical ground for health supervision of adults receiving exercise at high temperature. 180 adult males were selected and divided into exercise group and control group, in which the exercise group was subdivided into subgroup 1 and subgroup 2 receiving exercise at high temperature in the afternoon and in the morning, respectively. Peripheral venous blood was phle- botomized before and after the exercise to examine routine blood indexes and blood biochemical indexes. The expression levels of HSP72 in PBLs were detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the routine blood indexes and biochemical indexes in each group were within the range of normal values of male adults. There was no significant difference between each exercise group and control group in indexes before exercise. After exercise, the expression levels of HSP72 in PBLs in exercise groups were higher than those before exercise, and HSP72 expression levels in subgroup 1 were obviously higher than those in subgroup 2 and control group. The contents of ALT, urea, Na＋, Cl-, Ca2＋ and K＋ in subgroups 1 and 2 were lower than those in control group, but CK level was higher than in control group （P〈0.05）. The contents of Na＋ and Clin subgroup 1 were relatively lower than those in subgroup 2 （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that while receiving exercise at high temperature, adult males＇ HSP72 levels in PBLs could be increased and the biochemical indexes changed. Attention should be paid to health supervision to avoid obvious body injuries at high temperature.

The Effect of Long-term Grazing Sheep in the Cotton Stubble on the Blood Biochemicals and Free Gossypol Residues

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term grazing sheep in cotton stubble on variation of biochemistry components and free gossypol residual in the blood. The survey found that 15% ewe of grazing group suffered miscarriage or premature birth,compared with the captive group ewes without this phenomenon. Blood test result shows that the free gossypol concentration in serum of grazing group was significantly higher than in indoor captive feeding group( P < 0. 01). In order to ensure the health of sheep grazing on cotton stubble and improve breeding rate,there is a need to do further reasonable research of grazing and feeding methods.

Effects of Replacing Maize Silage with Silage Sweet Sorghum on Milk Production and Blood Biochemical Indexes of Dairy Cows

In order to study the effects of replacing different proportions of silage maize with silage sweet sorghum treated by different fermentation methods on the production performance and blood biochemical indexes of dairy cows,25 Chinese Holstein lactating cows were randomly divided into 5 groups,5 in each group.The control check (CK) was fed the basal diet;for the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2,50% of the silage maize in the basal diet was replaced with the additive silage sweet sorghum and the conventional silage sweet sorghum,respectively;and as to the experimental group 3 and the experimental group 4,all the silage maize in the basal diet was replaced with additive silage sweet sorghum and conventional silage sweet sorghum,respectively.The preliminary trial period was 7 d,and the trial period was 35 d.The results showed that the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 3 had the dry matter intake significantly higher than that of the experimental group 2,the experimental group 4 and the CK ( P <0.05).The daily milk yields of the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2 were significantly lower than that of the CK ( P <0.05),and the experimental group 3 and the experimental group 4 were significantly lower than the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2 ( P <0.05).The milk protein percentage of the experimental group 2 was extremely significantly higher than that of the experimental group 4 ( P <0.01).The experimental group 1,the experimental group 2 and the experimental group 3 showed the blood glucose levels extremely significantly higher than that in the CK ( P <0.01).The blood urea nitrogen contents in the experimental group 2 and the experimental group 4 were significantly higher than those in the experimental group 1 and the CK ( P <0.01).There were no significant differences in other blood biochemical indexes between various groups ( P >0.05).It is feasible to use silage sweet sorghum to feed dairy cows,but the proportion should not be too large,and attention should be paid to the energy and nitrogen balance of the diet.

Epidemiological features and dynamic changes in blood biochemical indices for COVID-19 patients in Hebi

BACKGROUND Millions of people have died of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)infection,and retrospective studies of the disease in local regions are necessary.AIM To characterize the epidemiological features and dynamic changes in blood biochemical indices for SARS-Co V-2-infected patients in Hebi,a representative city with a large floating population in North China.METHODS From January 25 to February 10,2020,the clinical data of patients who tested positive for SARS-Co V-2 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in Hebi city(China)were evaluated at admission,and laboratory data for hematologic parameters,inflammatory indices,coagulation function indices,liver function indices,blood lipid indices,renal function indices,myocardial enzyme activities and five blood biochemical markers of immunity were evaluated at admission,upon hospitalization and before discharge.RESULTS Sixteen confirmed COVID-19 patients developed pneumonia but were cured after adequate treatment.Fever and fatigue were the common symptoms.The most common laboratory abnormalities of patients at admission were leukopenia,eosinopenia,decreased percentage of eosinophils,elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels,hypoalbuminemia,mildly increased aspartate transferase activity and levels of bilirubin,and increased levels ofβ2-microglobulin.Importantly,aggravated liver dysfunction was detected in most patients,which may be partially attributed to virus infection as well as medicinal treatment.CONCLUSION This study provides several potential diagnostic markers and dynamic biochemical indices of disease progression to better prevent,diagnose and treat COVID-19 infection.

Blood Calcium as a Protective Factor against Traumatic Fracture

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the predictive value of blood calcium in the prognosis of traumatic fracture. Methods: A retrospective experimental design was employed, 112 cases (52 non-fracture and 60 traumatic fracture) were randomly selected. The type of fracture complies with WHO-recommended (2019) diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis combined with fracture. The blood pressure (BP) was measured by OMRON’s HEM-7136 model electronic blood pressure monitor. Blood calcium (Ca2+), and blood phosphorus (P) values were measured using Colorimetric Roche kits on a Roche/Hitachi fully automated biochemical analyzer. Data collection and analysis followed. Results: Higher levels of age, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were found in the traumatic fracture group compared to the control group, whereas weight, height, and blood phosphorus did not differ significantly (P adjusting for age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and blood phosphorus, binary logistic regression analysis revealed that blood calcium was a protective factor against traumatic fracture (β = -26.85, OR = 0.00, 95% CI = 0.00 -0.02, P = 0.022). Conclusion: The findings suggest that high and low blood calcium levels may serve as useful indicators in predicting the prognosis of fractures resulting from trauma.

Bio-Effect of Rare Earths in RE-High Background Region I. Some Blood Biochemical Indices from Population Resided in Light REE District

The results of biochemical indices in human blood show that there are significant difference in the population mean of these indices between the LREE high region in South Jiangxi, China and the control. In comparison with the normal region, the contents of total serum protein(TSP), albumin(AL), β globulin (β G), glutamic pyruvic transitanase (GPT), serium triglycerides (STG) and immunoglobulin(IgA) are manifested as low, but high cholesterol (CHO) in the LREE high region. These deviations may be related to the REE concentration and composition in food chains, and also are sex dependent. Certain blood indices (such as TSP) of different age groups in the LREE high region indicate that the influence of REE on males is a one way irreversible process while females show a strong ability of restoration.

Effects of Coated Methionine on the Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Indices and Nutrient Apparent Ileal Digestibility in Broilers

[ Objective] This trial was conducted to study the effects of different coated methionines on the growth performance, blood biochemical indices and apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids in broilers. [ Method ] A total of 3 780 Cobb 500 broilers aged 18 days were randomly arranged into 7 groups with 3 replicates per group and 180 broilers per replicate. Control group （A） received the basal diet supplemented with O. 16% DL-me- thionine, and trial groups received the basal diets supplemented with 0.32% （ B）, 0.29% （ C）, 0.26% （ D）, 0.22% （ E）, 0.19% （F） and 0.16% （G） of coated methionine, and broilers were fed to the age of 42 days. ＂[ Result] The final weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake of groups B and C were higher than those of the control group （ P〈0.05）, and the mortality of group B was lower than that of the control group （ P 〈0.05）, but there was no significant difference in all above indices between the other groups and the control group （P 〉 0.05）. Plasma GSH-Px activity of trial groups （ except group G） was higher than that of the control group （ P 〈 0.05）, and SOD activity of groups B and C were higher than that of group G （P 〈0.05）, but there were no significant differences in other blood biochemical indices among all groups （P 〉0.05）. There were no significant differences in apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter and crude protein between trial groups and the control group （ P 〉0.05 ）, and the apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids of trial groups was increased （P 〈0.05） or no change expect that the apparent ileal digestibility of many kinds of amino acids of group G was decreased compared with the control group （P〈0.05）. [ Concluslon~ The growth performance and apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids in broilers were increased with the rising supplementation of coated methionine, but the supplementation of 0.19% coated methionine can meet the needs of broilers, namely, coated methionine can be substituted for 60% DL-methionine in the diet, so DL-methio- nine can be saved up to 40%.

Effects of Ferrous Fumarate on Growth Performance,Blood Biochemical Parameters and Trace Elements of Oncorhynchus mykiss

[ Objective] The study aimed to discuss the effects of ferrous fumarate on growth performance, blood biochemical parameters and content of trace element of Oncorhynchus mykiss. [ Method ] Juvenile rainbow trout with an initial weight of （89.2 ±0.2） g were fed with the basal fodder supplemented with different levels of ferrous fumarate （0, 20, 40, 80,160 and 480 mg/kg iron） for 60 d, and the six groups were named DO, D20, D40, D80, D160 and D480, wherein DO was as the control group, actually containing 62.60, 79.50, 99.60, 139.30, 215.20 and 538.40 mg/kg iron respectively. [ Result] The growth performance of juvenile rainbow trout was not affected by different dietary iron levels obviously （ P 〉 0.05）. With the increase of dietary iron level, hemoglobin （Hb） content and number of red blood cells（RBC） rose firstly and then leveled off. No significance was found in hematocrit （Hct） among the six groups （P 〉0.05）. Iron content in the whole body, vertebrae and muscle increased significantly with the improvement of dietary iron level（ P 〈0.05）, and iron concentration in the liver increased firstly and then leveled off in groups from D40 to D480. No significant difference in zinc content of the whole body was found among the six groups （ P〉0.05）, while zinc content in the vertebrae and muscle in control group was significantly higher than that of other groups （ P〈0.05）, and zinc concentration in the liver in groups DO and 1320 was significantly higher than that of other groups （ P 〈0.05）. Copper content in the whole body increased significantly with the increase of dietary iron level （P 〈 0.05 ）, while no significant difference was observed in the vertebrae （ P 〉0.05）, and copper concentration in the muscle in control group was significantly lower than that of other groups （ P 〈0.05）. Serum lysozyme （LZM） activity of group DO was significantly lower than that of other groups （ P 〈 0.05） except for group D480 （ P 〉 0.05）. Catalase （CAT） activity of serum enhanced significantly （ P 〈 0.05） from DO to EH0 and then decreased obviously （P 〈0.05）. [ Conclusion] Based on hemoglobin and iron content in the liver, the broken-line model analysis showed that the dietary iron level provided by ferrous fumarate for juvenile rainbow trout was estimated to be 99.8 and 100.4 mg/kg respectively in the experiment.

Research progress on the correlation between TCM syndromes of coronary heart disease and blood biochemical indexes

The researches on the correlation between TCM syndromes of coronary heart disease and blood biochemical indexes from Jan.2011 to Jul.2020 were reviewed,in order to explore the association of different TCM syndromes of coronary heart disease with blood biochemical indexes,such as blood lipid metabolism,inflammatory factors,coagulation-fibrinolysis system,blood rheology and vascular endothelial function,which was hoped to provide a guidance on the clinical combined application of TCM syndrome differentiation and biochemical indexes of coronary heart disease,so as to promote the objectification and standardization of TCM syndrome differentiation.

Effects of <i>Nigella sativa</i>L. Seed Extract on Fatigue, Blood Biochemical Parameters and Thyroid Function in Male Mice

Nigella sativa L. (Black seed), is a traditional herbal medicine that has been used for many purposes. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of nigella sativa L. (NS) on performance of Forced Swimming Test (FST), blood biochemical parameters related to fatigue and thyroid functions. Therefore, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Creatine Kinase (CK), Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Total Protein (TP), triiodothyronine T3, thyroxin T4 and TSH tests were investigated. Thirty five male adult mice were randomly divided into five groups: three NS-fed groups, one fluoxetine treated group and one control group. Three NS experimental groups received hydro-alcoholic extract of NS at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg orally for two weeks. Immobility time decreased in all NS groups compared with control group. Administration of NS significantly increased the concentration of T3 and T4 of the treatment groups. On the contrary, the amount of BUN, CK, LDH, TP and TSH decreased. In conclusion, black seed extract at the experimented doses showed anti-depressant, anti-fatigue and hyperthyroid effects.

Feeding Study with Bt Corn (MON810: Ajeeb YG) on Rats: Biochemical Analysis and Liver Histopathology

Bt corn “MON810: Ajeeb YG” produces delta endotoxins in the whole plant due to the genetic modification process. The chemical analysis of this variety showed significant differences from its conventional counterpart “Ajeeb”. Further, feeding studies on rats were designed to complete assessing the safety of “MON810: Ajeeb YG”. Three groups of rats (6 males and 6 females’ rats/group) were fed on control diet, non-Bt corn and Bt corn for 1.5 months and 3 months. After 1.5 months, 3 males and 3 females from each group were sacrificed, and after another 1.5 months, 3 males and 3 females from each group and their offspring were sacrificed. Histopathological examination, blood haematology and serum biochemical analysis were determined. Results indicated significant differences among the tested parameters in the three groups especially Bt group. Severe changes in the liver of Bt group after 3 months were observed.

Determination of Physiological and Biochemical Indicators of Brown-Egg Dwarf Layers at Different Ages

[ Objective] To observe biological characteristics of brown-egg dwarf layers. [ Method ] Physiological and biochemical indicators of brown-egg dwarf layers were determined at the age of 20, 40 and 60 weeks, respectively. Fifty-four chickens were detected, nine roosters and nine hens at each age. [Result] As analyzed by ttest and multiple comparisons, during 20 -60 weeks old, the RBC, HGB, MPV, PDW, LYMPH%, TP and CHO showed an increasing trend. However, during this period, the HCT, MCV, RDW, WBC and LYMPH first decreased and then de- clined, while the MCH, MCHC, PLT, PCT, MID, MID%, GRAN, GRAN%, AST, ALB, TG, ALT and GLU changed contrarily. The chickens at different ages had significantly different physiological and biochemical indicators （P 〈 0.05）. The RBC, HCT, HGB, WBC, LYMPH and AST were significantly different between the roosters and hens during 20 -60 weeks old. [ Conclusion] In the brown-egg dwarf layers, the physiological and bi- ochemical indicators vary with aging, and their difference levels also change with aging.

The Observation of Blood Biochemistry and HSP72 Expression Changing Rules in Peripheral Blood of Flying-saucer-athletes under High Temperature Training

Objective:To study the effect of training under high temperature on blood and heat shock protein 72(HSP72)expression of flying saucer athletes.Methods:The numbers of training group and control group are 30.Twenty-four flying saucer athletes in Zhejiang province were selected and randomly divided into training group and control group,15 in each group.Peripheral venous blood of each group was taken before and after the experiment.The HSP72 content of lymphocyte,blood routine and biochemical indexes were measured respectively.Results:There was significant difference in white blood cell in training group count before and after the experiment(P<0.05).The expression of HSP72 and the white blood cell in training group was higher than that control group(P<0.05).Conclusions:Organism could be affected and turned to stress state due to training under high temperature.It is necessary to provide the safeguard for the flying saucer athletes under high temperature in order to prevent the damage.

辣椒秸秆对伊普吕肉兔生长性能、血清生化指标和免疫指标的影响

试验旨在研究辣椒秸秆对伊普吕肉兔的生长性能、血清生化指标和免疫指标的影响。选取35日龄断奶伊普吕公肉兔60只,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组分别添加5%和10%辣椒秸秆。预试期5 d,正试期28 d。结果显示:试验Ⅰ组肉兔的末重显著高于对照组和试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组肉兔血清总蛋白、白蛋白显著高于对照组(P<0.05),尿素氮显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组肉兔血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)和溶菌酶水平显著高于其余两组(P<0.05)。综上,辣椒秸秆可以提高伊普吕肉兔的生长性能和免疫能力,以饲粮中添加5%辣椒秸秆效果最佳。

不同饲草组合对乌珠穆沁羔羊血液生化指标及生产性能和经济效益的影响

为分析不同饲草组合代替部分精饲料对羔羊健康状况、生产性能和经济效益的影响,选用4~5月龄健康乌珠穆沁公羔羊30只,分为5组分别接受对照组、青贮组、苜蓿组、柠条组、完全组5种不同日粮处理(对照组日粮的精粗比为75∶25,其余组为50∶50),测定各组的日采食量、体重和血清生化指标,并计算毛利润。结果表明:(1)对照组的丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性显著低于苜蓿组和柠条组(P<0.05),天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和AST/ALT显著高于其他组(P<0.05),对照组、苜蓿组和柠条组的血清尿素含量显著高于完全组和青贮组(P<0.05),青贮组、完全组和柠条组的血清甘油三酯含量显著低于对照组。完全组的血清胆固醇含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。(2)对照组的干物质采食量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),日增重表现为完全组显著高于其他组(P<0.05),青贮组最低,苜蓿组和柠条组与对照组差异不显著。对照组的料重比最高,显著高于完全组、苜蓿组和柠条组(P<0.05)。(3)青贮组的日粮价格及成本最低,完全组、柠条组和苜蓿组次之,对照组最高;完全组每只羊增重价值和毛利润最高,苜蓿组次之,青贮组最低。综合以上,优质饲草组合取代舍饲羔羊日粮中25%的精饲料有利于改善羔羊的健康状况,5个组合中10%苜蓿干草+10%柠条粉+15%青贮玉米+15%玉米秸秆+50%精饲料组合效果最好,羔羊生产性能和经济效益显著提高,适合内蒙古牧区家庭牧场应用。