The Effects of Folium Perillae Extract on Blood Fat and Lipid per Oxidation of Rabbit with Hyperlipemia

[Objective] The preventive and therapeutic effects of Folium perillae extract （FPE） on hyperlipemia induced by feeding rabbit with high fat forage were observed. [Method] The high fat and cholesterol diet were adopted to create the hyperlipemia model of rabbit. The rabbits were randomly and equally divided into 5 groups which were NC（ normal control）group, HLM （high lipid model） group, LFPE, MFPE and HFPE group （low, middle, high dosage of FPE were 0.17 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg and 1.5 g/kg respectively）. The contents of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, MDA and the activity of SOD in serum were detected respectively. [ Result] The three FPE groups could decrease the contents of TC, TG, LDL-C, MDA significantly （P〈0.01） compared with these of HLM group, and the contents of HDL-C （P〈0.01） and the activity of SOD （P〈0.05 ） in serum was increased significantly. [Conclusion] FPE could regulate blood-fat and counteract lipid peroxidation.

CATGUT EMBEDDING FOR TREATMENT OF SIMPLE OBESITY COMPLICATED WITH ABNORMAL BLOOD FAT

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of catgut embedding combined with diet plus exercise with that of diet plus exercise in treating simple obesity complicated with abnormal blood fat. Methods A prescription of diet plus exercise was given to the patients in a control group, and catgut embedding was added to the prescription in a treatment group. It was given once every 15 days for the 1st three treatments, and once every month for the 2^nd three treatments. Six treatments constituted a therapeutic course. Body weight and blood fat were measured before and half a year since treatment. Results After treatment, BMI, TO, TG and LDL were very significantly improved in the treatment group （P〈0.01）, and BMI and TG were very significantly （P〈0.01） and TO and LDL were significantly （P〈0.05） improved in the control group. HDL was not obviously improved in both groups （P〉0.05）. The improvement of TO, TG and LDL in the treatment group was significantly more than that in the control group （P〈0.01）, but no difference in improvement of BMI and HDL was found between the two groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The therapy of diet plus exercise was effective in body weight reduction and lowering blood fat in patients with simple obesity complicated with abnormal blood fat, and catgut embedding used in combination was even better in lowering blood fat.

Study of blood fat concentration based on serum ultraviolet absorption spectra and neural network

Blood plays an important role in the clinical di-agnosis and treatment, the analysis of blood will be of very important practical significance. The experiment shows that the absorption spectra of blood are of serious noise in the wave band of 200 to 300 nm, which hides the useful spectral characteristics. The effective separation of the noise was achieved by db4 wavelet transform, and the signals of reconstruction have been obviously improved in the noise serious wave band, reflecting some useful information. The absorption peaks of different samples are displaced to some degrees. The correlation between absorbance at 278nm and blood fat concentration is no significant and random. Based on the evident correlation between serum absorption spectrum and blood fat con-centration in the wave band of 265 to 282nm, a neural network model was built to forecast the blood fat concentration, bringing a relatively good prediction. This provides a new spectral test method of blood fat concentration.

Comparative effects of plant oils and trans-fat on blood lipid profiles and ischemic stroke in rats

Since plant oils are believed to be better than animal fats for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, the effects of various plant oils and trans-fat on blood lipid profiles and ischemic stroke were investigated. Sprague- Dawley rats were fed a diet containing the oils or trans-fat, and then body weights, blood lipids, and effects on brain infarction and physical dysfunction induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） were analyzed. All the oils and trans-fat, except perilla oil, significantly increased body fats and body weight gain. Sesame oil and trans-fat specifically increased blood cholesterols and triglycerides, respectively, while perilla oil decreased both cholesterols and triglycerides. Perilla oil not only attenuated cerebral infarction, but also restored locomotor activity and rota-rod performances of MCAO rats. It is suggested that perilla oil among oils and fats could be the first choice to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome and ischemic stroke.

Correlation between intakes of carbohydrates,protein,and fat with random blood sugar levels in menopausal women

Objective: Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are energy sources needed by the body for performing daily activities and generating primary energy substances. In women who have undergone menopause, the function of thyroid hormone in their body begins to decline and thus affects the ability of the body to produce energy. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the intakes of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats and random blood sugar levels in menopausal women.Methods: This study was a correlational analytical research with a cross-sectional design, which was conducted in 72 menopausal women recruited by the purposive sampling technique. In this study, a 24-hour food recall form was used, and randomized blood sugar levels were measured using a glucometer. The analysis of the data was performed using a Pearson product moment and multiple linear regression.Results: Carbohydrates and fats together affected random blood sugar levels with an F-value of 25.810 and a p-value of 0.000.Meanwhile, adjusted R^2 showed the value of 0.411, indicating that the difference in the intake of carbohydrates and fats together affected random blood sugar levels by 41.1%.Conclusions: Intake of carbohydrates and fats affected random blood sugar levels, whereas the rest were influenced by other factors,and protein intake was unrelated to random blood sugar levels in menopausal women.

最大脂肪氧化强度运动改善超重或肥胖人群身体成分、心肺耐力和脂质代谢的Meta分析

背景 研究证实,超重或肥胖人群体质(体成分、心肺耐力、脂质代谢)与肥胖密切相关,并可能存在双向关联。最大脂肪氧化强度(FATmax)运动作为一种新型运动干预手段,可有效促进体质改善,但改善效果的量化关系需要进一步探讨。目的 系统评价FATmax运动对超重或肥胖人群体质相关指标的干预效果。方法 检索Pubm Med、Web of Science、EBSCO、中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台,检索FATmax运动对超重或肥胖患者身体成分、心肺耐力、脂质代谢相关指标干预效果的随机对照试验,检索时间为2001年1月—2024年1月。基于Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具评估纳入文献的质量,Meta分析由Rev Man 5.4软件完成。结果 共纳入16项随机对照试验,包含568例超重或肥胖患者。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,FATmax运动干预组身体成分[BMI:WMD=-1.82,P<0.01;体脂百分比(BFR):WMD=-2.86,P<0.01;腰臀比(WHR):WMD=-0.04,P<0.01]、心肺耐力[最大摄氧量(VO2_(max)):WMD=3.34,P<0.01],除总胆固醇(TC)外脂质代谢状况[三酰甘油(TG):WMD=-0.24,P<0.05;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C):WMD=0.14,P<0.05;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C):WMD=-0.27,P<0.05]显著改善。经亚组分析得出最佳干预方案为:干预周期≥12周,3~5次/周的训练,60 min/次的跑步,以优化身体成分;而提升VO2_(max)的最佳方案为5次/周、<60 min/次的组合运动。在脂质代谢方面,对TG的改善最佳方案为3次/周、60 min/次的跑步;对HDL-C的最佳改善方案为4次/周、60 min/次的组合运动;对LDL-C则是4次/周、>60 min/次的组合运动。结论 FATmax运动可显著改善超重或肥胖患者BMI、BFR、WHR、VO2_(max)、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C结局指标,但对TC并无改善作用。

中老年人在FATmax强度下运动时心血管风险指标的变化

目的探讨55～65岁中老年人在最大脂代谢强度下（FATmax）运动时，不同时间点上心血管风险指标的变化，为中老年人制定有效、安全的减脂运动处方提供一定的理论指导。方法招募55—65岁中老年人50名，通过递增运动负荷试验（GXT试验）测试出每位受试者FATmax时的心率。间隔3天以上，使每位受试者心率控制在FAT—max对应的靶心率范围内持续运动30～60min。每5min测量一次血压，心率通过运动心电图实时监测。研究分析运动第15、30、45和60min等不同时间点上心血管风险指标的变化。结果（1）在FATmax强度下持续运动到30min时间点上的41名受试者，超重组的收缩压变异系数与正常体重组相比，有显著性差异（P〈0．05）；持续运动15、30min时间点上，女性SBP、脉压上升水平均低于男性，在30min时间点上两者有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。（2）在FATmax强度下持续运动60min的21名受试者中，14名男性在运动45、60min时间点上DBP基本保持不变，SBP、脉压、RPP均比安静状态显著升高（P〈0．01），2个时间点之间相比并无显著性差异。7名女性在运动45min和60min时间点上比较，SBP、脉压、RPP有显著性降低（P〈0．05），收缩压标准差有显著性升高（P〈0．05）；运动45min时女性与男性相比，舒张压有显著性下降（P〈0．05）。（3）运动60min时间点上，男、女性SBP反应异常率分别达到21．43％和71．43％。结论55—65岁中老年人在FATmax下持续运动30min是安全的，持续运动60min时女性发生心血管风险的可能性高于男性。

低容量高强度间歇训练对肥胖或超重人群心血管疾病风险因子影响的Meta分析

目的:通过Meta分析综合定量评价低容量高强度间歇训练对预防肥胖或超重人群心血管疾病的效果,进一步验证低容量高强度间歇训练在肥胖等特殊人群中应用的可行性。方法:在中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library和EBSCO-SPORTD运动科学全文数据库检索关于低容量高强度间歇训练相关研究的随机对照试验文献,检索时限为各数据库建库至2024年2月。由2名研究人员对所纳入的研究进行筛选、质量评价和数据提取,采用RevMan 5.4和Stata 17.0软件对结局指标进行Meta分析,包括合并效应量、亚组分析、Leave-One-Out敏感性分析以及发表Egger检验和绘制漏斗图。该方案已在国际系统综述前瞻性注册中心注册(CRD42024534409)。结果:①最终筛选纳入符合要求的13项随机对照试验,共包含349例受试者,纳入文献整体质量较高。②低容量高强度间歇训练干预对心肺适能(SMD=-0.65,95%CI:-0.87至-0.43,P<0.05)、收缩压(SMD=0.38,95%CI:0.11-0.65,P<0.05)、舒张压(SMD=0.42,95%CI:0.15-0.68,P<0.05)和体脂百分比(SMD=0.25,95%CI:0.02-0.49,P<0.05)4项指标具有改善效果。③低容量高强度间歇训练与中等强度持续训练相比在改善超重或肥胖人群心肺适能、收缩压、舒张压、体脂百分比、标准体质量、体质量指数、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇指标方面干预效果相似(P>0.05),但在改善三酰甘油效果方面中等强度持续训练优于低容量高强度间歇训练(SMD=-0.30,95%CI:-0.57至-0.02,P<0.05)。④亚组分析结果进一步显示,低容量高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练干预对各项指标的改善效果相似。结论:当前证据表明,低容量高强度间歇训练可以有效提升超重或肥胖人群的心肺适应能力以及促进减脂和血压调控,且改善效果与中等强度持续训练相似。短时间的低容量高强度间歇训练相比于长时间的中等强度持续训练更具有时间效益。建议未来通过更多研究确定适用于超重或肥胖人群最佳的低容量高强度间歇训练运动处方。

内源性n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对fat-1转基因小鼠血糖血脂的影响

利用fat-1转基因小鼠模型,研究内源性n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFAs)的血糖血脂调节作用.采用fat-1转基因小鼠和C57BL/6野生型小鼠喂食高n-6、低n-3 PUFAs的标准配方饲料4周,然后2组小鼠给予高糖饮液自由饮用4周,每周测体重.第8周末,取血离心测血糖、胰岛素、甘油三脂(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平.结果表明:fat-1转基因小鼠体重增加幅度、空腹血糖值、血清胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数、血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C水平明显低于野生型小鼠(P<0.05).认为n-3 PUFAs能抑制体重增长,降低小鼠血糖、血脂和胰岛素抵抗,起到调节血糖、血脂的作用.

Effect of dietary supplementation with insect fats on growth performance,digestive efficiency and health of rabbits

Background: The present work aimed at evaluating the effect of the dietary replacement of soybean oil(S) by two types of insect fats extracted from black soldier fly larvae(H, Hermetia il ucens L.) and yel ow mealworm larvae(T, Tenebrio molitor L.) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, intestinal morphology and health of growing rabbits.Methods: At weaning, 200 crossbred rabbits(36 days old) were allotted to five dietary treatments(40 rabbits/group): a control diet(C) containing 1.5% of soybean oil and four experimental diets where soybean oil was partially(50%) or totally(100%) substituted by H(H50 and H100) or T(T50 and T100) fats. Total tract digestibility was evaluated on 12 rabbits per treatment. The growth trial lasted 41 d and, at slaughtering(78 days old), blood samples were collected from 15 rabbits per treatment, morphometric analyses were performed on duodenum, jejunum and ileum mucosa,and samples of liver, spleen and kidney were submitted to histological evaluation.Results: No difference was observed between the control and the experimental groups fed insect fats in terms of performance, morbidity, mortality and blood variables. The addition of H and T fats did not influence apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, protein, ether extract, fibre fractions and gross energy. Gut morphometric indices and organ histopathology were not affected by dietary inclusion of H and T fats.Conclusions: H and T fats are suitable sources of lipid in rabbit diets to replace soybean oil without any detrimental effect on growth performance, apparent digestibility, gut mucosa traits and health.

耐力训练大鼠骨骼肌FAT/CD36表达及其与胰岛素敏感性的相关分析

目的:研究耐力训练对大鼠骨骼肌脂肪酸转位酶/CD36(FAT/CD36)表达的影响,并分析其与胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI)的相关关系。方法:将23只SD大鼠随机分成耐力训练组(T)(n=13)和安静对照组(C)(n=10)。T组大鼠每周进行6天、共7周的中等强度跑台耐力训练。7周后取肾周和睾丸周围脂肪组织称重,计算脂肪垫百分比;空腹取血测定总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)、胰岛素(FINS)含量;取股直肌测定匀浆液FAT/CD36蛋白表达,并与ISI进行相关分析。结果:7周耐力训练后,T组大鼠体重和脂肪垫百分比均低于C组(P<0.01,P<0.01);T组大鼠血清TC、NEFA、FINS低于C组(P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.05);T组大鼠股直肌匀浆液FAT/CD36蛋白含量、胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI)显著高于C组(P<0.01,P<0.05),且二者呈高度正相关(r=0.823,P<0.01)。结论:7周耐力训练可提高大鼠胰岛素敏感性,上调FAT/CD36的表达,以适应其介导的耐力训练脂肪分解代谢增强后骨骼肌脂肪酸转运的需求。

Intravenous-Accelerated Saline Particles to Unblock Partially Clogged Blood Vessels Using a Microcontroller

This research assesses the speed of saline fluid in vein vessels using venipuncture medical kit as well as DC submersive pumps that are being controlled by a microcontroller. The microcontroller is monitored and governed using a software IDE interface installed on a powerful laptop. Saline solution is being pumped through a medical syringe at variable speeds up to a maximum of 18.39 cm/second to the vein. The novel technique in this research is the usage of two pumps called Pump 1 and Pump 2. Pump 1 is used to physically model the flow of “blood” in human vein and the second pump (Pump 2) is used to generate the accelerated saline particles that are used to break the yellow grease that is placed on the inside of the vein’s wall. A tiny brush is briefly dipped into yellow grease, and then it is used to place one layer (one turn) of yellow grease on the inside of the vein’s wall, and then this procedure is repeated to place consecutive layers of yellow grease onto the inside of the wall of the vein vessel using a tiny brush. It was found that accelerated saline particles can in fact destroy fats that are built up inside the veins’ walls.

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN BLOOD PRESSURE AND BODY WEIGHT, SERUM LEPTIN IN HIGH CALORIE DIET-INDUCED OBESE RATS

Objective To examine the change of body weight (BW) and blood pressure (BP) in obese rats, clarify relationships between BP and BW and other factors. Methods Male Spraque-Dawley rats were fed either with normal diet (ND) or high calorie diet (HC) for 20 weeks. BW and BP of tail artery were observed biweekly and tetraweekly respectively; serum leptin and fasting insulin (FINS) were detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) respectively. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and free fatty acid(FFA) were measured by conventional means. Results BW, abdominal fat weight (AFW), ratio of abdominal fat weight to body weight (R_ F/W), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum levels of leptin and FINS, FPG, FFA increased in the HD group after 20 weeks diet intervention (P<0.05 or P<0.01). SBP was strongly correlated with BW, leptin, FINS and FFA (P<0.05), DBP was correlated with FFA (r=0.47, P<0.05). In addition, leptin was positively correlated with BW, AFW, R_ F/W, FINS and FFA (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion In this study of high calorie-diet induced rats, the gain of BW is accompanied by increased BP. The obese rats have hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia which may have important effects on the development of obesity-related hypertension. R_ F/W is the key factor in which affect serum leptin level.

Performance and plasma concentration of metabolites in transition dairy cows supplemented with vitamin E and fat

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin E（VE; 1 500 or 3 000 international units（IU） d^（-1）） and fat（2% of dry matter calcium salt of soybean oil） supplementation during the transition period on feed intake, milk yield and composition and blood metabolites of dairy cows. 48 multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned into one of four treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of vitamin E and supplemental dietary fat during the transition period. Treatments were： 1） 1 500 IU d^（-1） vitamin E without fat supplementation（1 500VE-F）; 2） 1 500 IU d^（-1） vitamin E with fat supplement（1 500VE＋F）; 3） 3 000 IU d^（-1） vitamin E without fat supplementation（3 000VE-F）; and 4） 3 000 IU d^（-1） vitamin E with fat supplement（3 000VE＋F）. Dietary treatments were initiated at approximately 28 d before expected calving dates and continued through 28 d postpartum. Dry matter intake（DMI） was unaffected（P〉0.05） by prepartum treatment. Regardless of vitamin E supplementation, DMI was greater（P〈0.01） in fat-supplemented cows compared with un-supplemented cows（19.60 vs. 18.45 kg d^（-1）; SEM=0.42） during the postpartum period. Energy balance and body weight were not affected（P〉0.05） by treatments. Postpartum diets had no significant effect on milk yield or milk composition. Plasma concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, glucose, and insulin were not affected（P〉0.05） by treatments. Regardless of vitamin E supplementation, plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentration was greater（P〈0.05） in fat-supplemented cows compared with un-supplemented cows during the postpartum period. These results showed no indication of positive effects on lactation performance associated with vitamin E and dietary fat supplement in transition cows.

微生态制剂对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者临床作用的研究

目的 观察微生态制剂辅助治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)患者的临床效果。方法 将我院2019年1月至2020年1月门诊及住院的诊断为NASH的102例患者纳入研究,随机分为对照组和治疗组。所有患者均通过结构化方案改变生活方式,采用饮食治疗和运动治疗相结合的策略。治疗组患者另外口服微生态制剂(枯草杆菌肠球菌二联活菌胶囊),比较两组患者治疗前后体质量指数、腰围、脂肪肝程度、肝酶、空腹血糖(FPG)、血脂指标、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、内毒素(LPS)水平。结果 治疗后两组患者体质量指数、腰围均明显降低,脂肪肝程度亦有明显好转,但治疗组与对照组无显著差异。空腹血糖、血清肝酶、血脂、TNF-α、LPS水平均低于治疗前,且治疗组与对照组亦有显著差异,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 微生态制剂枯草杆菌肠球菌二联活菌胶囊治疗NASH可显著改善脂肪肝程度及肝功能、血脂指标及降低内毒素、炎症因子等,值得临床推广应用。

定量CT参数联合血生化指标对中老年人腰椎骨密度的评估

目的探讨定量CT(QCT)参数联合血生化指标与中老年人腰椎骨密度(BMD)的相关性。方法前瞻性纳入参加西南自然队列研究的受试者439例,将受试者按性别和年龄段(每隔10岁为1组)分4组,比较每组腰椎BMD,独立样本t检验比较不同性别两组的一般资料、血生化指标和QCT参数的差异。单因素方差分析比较骨量正常组、骨量减少组和骨质疏松组各项参数的差异。Pearson相关分析腰椎BMD与各个参数之间的相关性,多元线性回归分析腰椎BMD下降的危险因素。结果腰椎BMD随年龄增大逐渐降低。男性骨量减低组和骨质疏松组的高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)高于骨量正常组,甘油三酯(TG)和皮下脂肪(SFA)低于骨量正常组(P<0.05)。女性骨量减低组和骨质疏松组腹内脂肪(VFA)和总脂肪(TFA)都高于骨量正常组(P<0.05)。男性腰椎BMD与年龄、HDL-C呈负相关,与体质指数(BMI)、TG、SFA呈正相关(P<0.05),女性腰椎BMD与年龄、HDL-C、VFA、TFA均呈负相关(P<0.05)。年龄和HDL-C是男性腰椎BMD异常的危险因素,BMI是其保护因素,年龄和VFA是女性腰椎BMD异常的危险因素。结论腹部脂肪堆积和血脂代谢异常是导致中老年人腰椎骨质疏松的重要影响因素。

Effects of Maternal Dietary Energy Restriction on Fat Deposition of Offspring

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of maternal dietary energy restriction on growth performance, serum indices and fat deposition of offspring. A total of 400 female Arbor Acres （AA） broiler breeders were studied. These female birds involved three experimental treatments and a control group with normal dietary energy diets （ND, 11.7 MJ of ME. kgt during the laying）. In treatments 2, 3 and 4, the energies of diets were 20%, 30% and 50% （LD20, LD30 and LD50） lower than those of the control, respectively. The study commenced at the beginning of the laying period when the total egg production reached 5% of the flock. All the broiler offspring were fed the same diets. The results showed that in low energy diets, offspring showed decreased 1-day-old weight, but 49-day-old weight was higher in LD20 diet （P〈0.05）. For offspring during days 1-49, the average daily gain （ADG） in LD20 group and the feed conversion ratio in LD50 group were improved as compared with those of the control （P〈0.05）. Compared with the control, abdominal fat percentage increased in 49-day-old offspring from LD30 diet （P〈0.05）; the fat content of breast muscle in offspring increased in broilers fed low energy diets （P〈0.05）. In 28-day-old offspring from breeders given LD20 and LD50 diets, liver fat percentages were higher compared with ND （P〈0.05）. The subcutaneous fat thickness in 28-day-old offspring from LD50 group and 49-day-old offspring from LD30 group was higher （P〈0.05）. On day 49, the serum cholesterol （CHO） of offspring from breeders fed LD20 diet and serum high-density lipoprotein （HDL） of offspring from breeders fed LD50 diet reduced compared with those of the control （P〈0.05）. In addition, a higher triiodothyronine （T3） content in serum was found in offspring from broiler breeders given LD20 and LD30 diets （P〈0.05）. Serum thyroxine （T4） in offspring significantly decreased with the decrease of diet energy （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, to a certain extent, dietary energy restriction in breeders could improve growth performance and promote lipid metabolism of offspring.

某医院对健康体检人群尿酸水平及其影响因素的分析

目的分析某医院健康体检人群尿酸水平及其影响因素。方法选取2012年1月—2022年1月在本院接受尿酸检测的健康体检人员39211名为研究样本,根据诊断结果分为两组,其中诊断为高尿酸血症患者为高尿酸血症组(5685例),其他为尿酸正常组(33526例),比较尿酸正常组与高尿酸血症组体检者的基线资料,分析影响高尿酸血症发生的危险因素。结果在健康体检者中,相较于尿酸正常组,高尿酸血症组患者的血压、体质量指数、总胆固醇、血糖、三酰甘油的水平与动脉粥样硬化发生率均更高(P<0.05);但在年龄、肌酐和尿素氮方面,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,体质量指数、血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油的水平与动脉粥样硬化发生率为影响健康体检人群尿酸水平的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论健康体检人群尿酸水平的升高和机体血糖、总胆固醇、体质量指数、三酰甘油的水平存在明显的关联,尿酸水平升高是促使动脉粥样硬化发生率提升的重要因素。

身体成分与儿童血压关系的系统评价/Meta分析

背景身体成分是体内各种成分的含量,其与儿童血压的关联存在争议。目的探讨身体成分与儿童血压的关联性。设计系统综述/Meta分析。方法计算机检索中国生物医学数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国知网期刊数据库、万方数据在线知识服务平台4个中文数据库和PubMed、Web of Science和EBSCO 4个外文数据库,检索起止时间均为各数据库建库至2023年8月8日。纳入身体成分与儿童血压关系的队列研究。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,对结果进行定量和定性归纳总结。主要结局指标身体成分与儿童高血压的相关性。结果共纳入9项身体成分与儿童舒张压和收缩压的纵向队列研究,其中7个队列报告了脂肪质量相关指标与儿童舒张压和收缩压的相关性,儿童期脂肪质量百分比与儿童舒张压和收缩压呈正相关,其他脂肪质量指标研究结论仍不一致。2个队列报告了非脂肪质量指标与儿童血压的相关性,研究结论不统一。3个队列报告了脂肪质量与儿童期血压偏高和高血压的发生呈正相关,但新生儿脂肪质量与6岁时高血压的风险可能为负相关。结论儿童期脂肪质量百分比与儿童舒张压和收缩压呈正相关,身体成分对儿童血压有一定影响。

The Main and Interactive Effects of Fat and Salt Contents of the Diet on Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome in Male Wistar Rats

The current Western diet contains high amounts of salt and fat. High salt and fat diets are known to have negative impacts on food intake (FI), body weight (BW), body composition (BC), glucose metabolism, and blood pressure. These factors have been studied as separate entities, but the main and interactive effects of dietary salt and fat received little study. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of sodium and fat content of the diet on FI, BW, and BC in male Wistar rats. Male Wistar Rats (n = 48) were allocated into 4 groups (n = 12) and received the following diets: 1. Normal sodium normal fat, 2. Normal sodium high fat, 3. High sodium normal fat, and 4. High sodium high-fat diet for 12 weeks. BW and FI were measured weekly. BC and organs’ weight were recorded post-termination. Regardless of sodium content, a greater FI was observed in normal-fat diet groups compared with high-fat diet groups. However, higher BW and fat (%) were observed in high-fat diet groups. Fasting blood glucose was higher in rats fed normal fat diets compared with those fed high-fat diets. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was lower in rats fed either high fat, high salt, or normal fat, normal salt diet. In conclusion, fat but not salt content in the diet is a determining factor in the regulation of FI and body weight. Moreover, glucose metabolism can be influenced by both the fat and salt content of the diet.